Religion and earnings: evidence from Germany

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (8) ◽  
pp. 841-855 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Sinnewe ◽  
Michael Kortt ◽  
Todd Steen
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Wage Premium ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Content Type ◽  
First Results ◽  
Full Time Employment

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to estimate the association between religious affiliation and the rate of return to human capital for German men and women. Design/methodology/approach – This paper employs data from the 1997, 2003, 2007 and 2011 waves of the German Socio-Economic Panel for German men and women in full-time employment between the age of 25 and 54. The association between religious affiliation and wages was estimated using a conventional human capital model. Findings – This paper finds that Catholic men (women) received a wage premium of 4 per cent (3 per cent) relative to their Protestant counterparts, even after controlling for an extensive range of demographic, economic and social characteristics. Originality/value – The study contributes to the literature by providing – to the best of the authors’ knowledge – the first results on the wage premium received by Catholic men and women in the German labour market.

scholarly journals Does religious affiliation influence trust?

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 38-51
Author(s):  
Michael A. Kortt ◽  
Joseph Drew
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Heterogeneous Population ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ordered Logistic Regression ◽  
First Results ◽  
The Face

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to estimate and explore how religious affiliation may influence general and local trust in contemporary society.Design/methodology/approachThis paper employs data from the 2010 and 2014 waves of the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia survey. The association between religious affiliation and trust was estimated using an ordered logistic regression and conventional ordinary least squares model.FindingsThe paper presents evidence of a statistically significant association between religious affiliation and trust that are consistent with theory.Social implicationsThis finding is important for a heterogeneous population like Australia as it seeks to build social cohesion in the face of threats to internal and external security.Originality/valueThe study contributes to the literature by providing – to the best of the authors’ knowledge – the first results on the association between religious affiliation and trust for Australia.

scholarly journals Exploring producers' motivations and challenges within a farmers' market

2020 ◽  
Vol 122 (7) ◽  
pp. 2089-2103
Author(s):  
Rosario Michel-Villarreal ◽  
Eliseo Luis Vilalta-Perdomo ◽  
Martin Hingley
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Farmers Markets ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Farmers Market ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Food Supply Chains ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Short Food Supply Chains

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore food producers' motivations and challenges whilst participating in short food supply chains (SFSCs). This paper compares findings with previous literature and investigates the topic in the context of producers' motivations.Design/methodology/approachThe paper includes a literature review concerning producers' motivations to engage in SFSCs. A case study was designed to investigate motivations underlying producers' engagement in SFSCs, as well as the challenges that they face. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in a farmers' market located in Mexico. Thematic analysis is used to identify the principal issues for producers'. Propositions based on findings are presented.FindingsFindings suggest that small, large, part-time and full-time producers are willing to engage with farmers' markets for diverse primary economic and non-economic motivations. Individual and collective challenges were also identified.Originality/valueThis research helps to explain producers' motivations and challenges within SFSCs in an under-researched context, namely a focus on producers' and in the Global South.

Lubricant compatibility of FKM seals in synthetic oils

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 557-565
Author(s):  
Dilek Bulut ◽  
Tatjana Krups ◽  
Gerhard Poll ◽  
Ulrich Giese
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Failure Mechanisms ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
New Method ◽  
Static Tests ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Lip Seals ◽  
First Results

Purpose Elastomer seals are used in many applications. They are exposed to lubricants and additives at elevated temperatures, as well as mechanical stresses. They can only provide good sealing function when they have resistance to those factors. There are many elastomer-lubricant compatibility tests based on DIN ISO 1817 in industry. However, they are insufficient and costly. Correlations between the tests and the applications are inadequate. The purpose of this study is investigating lubricant compatibility of fluoroelastomers (FKM) seals in polyethylene-glycol (PG)- and polyalphaolefin (PAO)- based synthetic oils and developing a methodology to predict seal service life. Design/methodology/approach A new compatibility test which is more sufficient in terms of time and cost was developed and compared with a standard test, currently used in industry. Compatibility of FKM radial lip seals with PG- and PAO-based synthetic oils with different additives was investigated chemically and dynamically. Failure mechanisms were examined. Findings The new method and the Freudenberg Flender Test FB 73 11 008 showed similar results concerning damages and similar tendencies regarding wear. The additive imidazole derivative was the most critical. Static tests give indications of possible chemically active additives, but alone they are insufficient to simulate the dynamic applications. Originality/value The paper describes a new method to investigate elastomer-lubricant compatibility and gives first results with a variety of lubricants.

Reflecting on over a year of remote training, and where businesses must go from here

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolas Kairinos
Keyword(s):  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Business Leaders ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Remote Work ◽  
Learning And Development ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Remote Training ◽  
Training Schemes ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Full Time Employment

Purpose The study aims to explore how businesses across the UK have adapted to over a year of remote training, and where there is room for improvement as long-term hybrid working plans are put in place. The study also uncovers what digital tools businesses have relied on to deliver learning and development initiatives during remote working, and their effects on employee engagement and experience. Design/methodology/approach An independent body of research was commissioned among 750 UK business leaders and 1,235 UK adults in full-time employment. Findings The research found that while the majority of businesses were able to leverage digital solutions during extended periods of remote work, significant numbers found it difficult to train and develop employees remotely, with many employees dissatisfied with the outcomes. Originality/value The research offers some valuable insights for business leaders looking to improve their training schemes as workplaces settle into new patterns of working.

HC and financial performance with two HRM strategies

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nopadol Rompho
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Lead Time ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Strategy Choice ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between levels of human capital and financial performance of firms that use two distinct human resource management (HRM) strategies. Design/methodology/approach A survey of 128 HRM managers was conducted to assess differences in human capital between firms using different HRM strategies. A multiple regression analysis was used to investigate the relationship between firms’ human capital and financial performance. Findings The results show that companies employing a make-organic strategy have a higher level of human capital than companies employing a buy-bureaucratic strategy. There was no relationship between the level of human capital and long term financial performance of firms with both make-organic and buy-bureaucratic strategies. Research limitations/implications This research contributes toward understanding the effect of HRM strategy and facilitates an optimal strategy choice depending on the organization. However, this study did not consider the lead time between changes in human capital and the effect on financial performance. Practical implications The research encourages firm managers to understand the value of human capital, preparing them for changes in the future. Originality/value This study is among the first to investigate the relationship between human capital and financial performance considering different HRM strategies.

Retooling leadership development

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 275-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Couch ◽  
Richard Citrin
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Leadership Development ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Capital Management ◽  
Human Capital Management ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Future

Purpose This paper aims to describes how properly designed and executed leadership development can make a difference, an approach the authors call intentional development. Design methodology/approach By building unique connections among recent advancements in human capital management and neuroscience, this paper proposes the components that any organization can use to significantly improve the return on their investment in leadership development. Findings It is estimated that US companies spend over US$13bn annually on leadership development. Match that number to the abundant research that finds most leadership development to be ineffective, and the conclusion is a phenomenal amount of waste. The situation does not need to be that dire. Originality/value Following the practices of yesterday are not sufficient to build leaders needed for now and the future. It is time to retool leadership development.

scholarly journals Work-nonwork conflict: an urgent situation for Brazilian women

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Érica Custódia de Oliveira ◽  
Tania Casado
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Aging Society ◽  
New Family ◽  
Individual Choices ◽  
Probabilistic Sample ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Broad Understanding

Purpose Going further on a broad understanding of nonwork besides family, this study aims to analyze differences between women and men considering work-nonwork conflict (WNWC) in the Brazilian context, investigating time spent in eight nonwork dimensions and the dimensions more affected. Design/methodology/approach The study was quantitative and descriptive. A survey was conducted, based on a validated WNWC scale. The sample consisted of 338 professionals working in Brazil. Data analysis was conducted through descriptive statistics and analysis of variance. Findings Compared to men, women declare higher levels of WNWC considering the eight nonwork dimensions, present greater differences in stress-based conflicts and in more collective dimensions and have marriage or no children associated with more WNWC. Research limitations/implications The study highlights the need to include more nonwork aspects into career and management studies to influence organizational practices and individual choices. The main limitation is the non-probabilistic sample (results not generalizable). Practical implications Know more about WNWC will help organizations to improve lives by creating practices and a cultural environment to preserve women’s and men’s nonwork times. It may also help people to choose places to work for, matching their nonwork needs. Social implications The study reinforces demands from new family arrangements, more couples in dual-career and an aging society: organizations must prepare to have workers that want or need to dedicate time to other interests besides family or children. Originality/value It goes further on a broad understanding of nonwork besides family to understand WNWC and how it may affect differently men and women.

Why do organizations share their most important capital? The provision of an open innovation model based on human capital

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elham Sahami ◽  
Ali Safari ◽  
Reza Ansari ◽  
Ali Shaemi Barzoki
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Final Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Core ◽  
Innovation Model ◽  
Inside Out

Purpose In this study, an open innovation (OI) model was designed in which the organization’s human resource systems comprise the main core. To identify the various dimensions of the model, this study aims to investigate how and under what conditions the organizations update and upgrade their knowledge and experiences in the human capital (HC) systems domain within the OI framework and in line with sharing them with other organizations. Design/methodology/approach In this qualitative study, the data were collected by means of semi-structured interviews and analyzed through grounded theory, which led to the extraction of the final model. Findings The implementation of the HC-based OI helps upgrade knowledge in the organization and industry knowledge, create win-win relationships and increase the interaction capital, power and credit of the organization. Originality/value In this study, HC systems have been regarded as the core of the OI model (rather than an intervening factor in OI). This is the main innovative aspect of the current study. In addition, the special attention paid to the inside-out approach to OI and the examination of the human and social aspects of inter-organizational knowledge sharing – particularly in the light of the fact that the study was carried out in a developing country – are the other innovative aspects of this study.

A comparative benchmark model for SMEs: viable entrepreneur emotional intelligence

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noorliza Karia
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Sustainable Business ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Benchmark Model ◽  
Entrepreneurial Performance ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Viable Model

PurposeBesides small- and medium-sized enterprises' (SMEs) constraints, there is a lack of critical observations of the human capital model naturally inspiring themselves from within. Therefore this paper exposes the factors of emotional intelligence (EI) that make entrepreneurs gain sustainable competitiveness.Design/methodology/approachA data of self-administered survey from 397 SMEs in Malaysia was investigated using regression analysis.FindingsThe results reveal factors of EI comprised of self-confidence, self-innovation, self-inspiration and self-vision that have significant positive impacts on entrepreneurial performance. Amazingly, EI contributes almost 30% of the success, where self-vision and self-innovation are the robust EI to strengthen and sustain entrepreneurial performance. In contrast, self-confidence and self-inspiration are generic EI of human capital and easy to be applied by rivals.Research limitations/implicationsThe study provides a comparative benchmark model for SMEs, managers and entrepreneurs inspiring themselves from within that they can emulate and attain the same success. SMEs can obtain success by investing and culturing EI factors within themselves.Practical implicationsThe study provides a comparative benchmark model for SMEs and managers inspiring themselves from within and expands the theory of heterogeneous SMEs and the human capital to sustainable business and competitiveness. SMEs can obtain success through capitalizing human capital attributes within themselves.Originality/valueThe study is the first providing the viable model for SMEs or entrepreneurs leading themselves from within, to their action, behaviour, decision and achievement or the performance mechanism with a benchmark model of entrepreneur EI as a booster.

scholarly journals Enhancing human capital beyond university boundaries

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 434-446
Author(s):  
Maria Jakubik
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Value Creation ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Master's Students ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Master Thesis ◽  
External Stakeholders

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present a case about the emergence of human capital (HC) during the master thesis as a work-based learning project. Design/methodology/approach The case study uses data from 107 master’s students 2007–2011 and feedback from 91 managers as business advisors 2007–2016. Findings The findings show direct contributions of higher education (HE) to intellectual capital (IC) in organisations through the enhanced HC of managers. Originality/value The case contributes to the emerging new, fifth stage of IC research by demonstrating how HC develops beyond the boundaries of an educational institution; how it influences an organisation’s IC and how 91 business advisors, as external stakeholders, assessed the achievements and value creation of HE.

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