scholarly journals The Olympic Games and associative sponsorship

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-107
Author(s):  
Richard Rutter ◽  
John Nadeau ◽  
Ulf Aagerup ◽  
Fiona Lettice
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
Brand Personality ◽  
Brand Relationships ◽  
Personality Dimension ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Individual Character ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Brand Personality Traits ◽  
The Olympic Games

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the brand relationships between a mega-sports event, the Olympic Games, and its branded main sponsors, using the lens of brand personality. Design/methodology/approach The study uses the internet-based website communications of the sponsor and event brands to assess congruence in brand personality identity exhibited in the communications of sponsors and how these relate to the event brand itself. A lexical analysis of the website text identifies and graphically represents the dominant brand personality traits of the brands relative to each other. Findings The results show the Olympic Games is communicating excitement as a leading brand personality dimension. Sponsors of the Olympics largely take on its dominant brand dimension, but do not adapt their whole brand personality to that of the Olympics and benefit by adding excitement without losing their individual character. The transference is more pronounced for long-running sponsors. Practical implications Sponsorship of the Olympic Games does give brands the opportunity to capture or borrow the excitement dimension alongside building or reinforcing their own dominant brand personality trait or to begin to subtly alter their brand positioning. Originality/value This study is the first to examine how the sponsor’s brand aligns with the event being sponsored as a basis for developing a strong shared image and associative dimensions complimentary to the positioning of the brand itself.

The role of brand personality in the formation of consumer affect and self-brand connection

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin F. McManus ◽  
Sergio W. Carvalho ◽  
Valerie Trifts
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Brand Personality ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Within Subjects ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Brand Personality Traits

Purpose This study aims to explore the role of brand personality traits in explaining how different levels of brand favorability evoke affect from and forge connections to consumers. Design/methodology/approach The authors used a quantitative approach consisting of within-subjects (Study 1) and between-subjects (Study 2) experimental designs. Mediation analyses were tested using OLS regression with the MEMORE and PROCESS macros. Findings Findings suggest increases in brand excitement and sincerity to be related to differences in positive affect evoked by favorable and unfavorable brands; decreases in brand sincerity to be related to differences in negative affect between favorable and unfavorable brands (Study 1); brand competence and excitement to be related to the relationship between brand favorability and self-brand connection; and brand competence and excitement to best distinguish favorable brands from unfavorable brands (Study 2). Originality/value These results support the importance of brand personality traits that are considered to be universally positive and provide managers with an initial roadmap for which brand personality traits should be prioritized when communicating with consumers.

A brand-new world: brand-endorsers-users fit on social media

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 472-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Teresa Borges-Tiago ◽  
Flavio Tiago ◽  
José Manuel Veríssimo ◽  
Tiago Silva
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
New World ◽  
Digital Communication ◽  
Brand Personality ◽  
User Generated Content ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Global Presence ◽  
Brand Personality Traits

Purpose The digital relationship between brand and users, and brand and endorsers has been analyzed from different angles. The purpose of this paper is to investigate how these three elements co-create online the brand personality of the firm, through user-generated content. Design/methodology/approach This study gathered data from the hotels’ websites, Facebook, Twitter and TripAdvisor accounts, examining the content posted by the hotel, by tourists and by the celebrity endorsing some of the hotels. To pursue the aims, the brand personality dimensions communicated online were assessed through content analysis for the global presence and for each social network by user typology to establish the alignment of brand personality traits communicated. Findings Digital communication was found to vary significantly between the hotels and tourists in different social networks. The amount of content created by tourists is significantly higher than the ones produced by the hotel. The sincerity dimension of brand personality was confirmed in both communications. However, tourists’ brand image impacts brand personality differently than the hotels themselves. Furthermore, an analysis of the influence of customers on social networks indicates that celebrity personality traits seem to impact on the image of a hotel brand. Originality/value This research can be used to help brand managers to understand better the digital co-branding with clients and celebrity, as well as to identify gaps in their brand personality strategy. It could also assist future researchers focusing on digital celebrity endorsement since few researchers have analyzed digital communication in different social networks.

Relationships between brand experiences, personality traits, prestige, relationship quality, and loyalty

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 1185-1202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Gin Choi ◽  
Chihyung “Michael” Ok ◽  
Sunghyup Sean Hyun
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Brand Personality ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Brand Relationship ◽  
Brand Relationship Quality ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Brand Personality Traits ◽  
Brand Prestige

Purpose This study aims to investigate the effects of coffeehouse brand experiences and brand personality traits on brand prestige, and the effects of brand prestige on brand relationship quality and loyalty in the coffeehouse industry. Design/methodology/approach Validated measurements were identified from a literature review. The measurement model and the conceptual model depicting hypothesized relationships were evaluated based on responses from 309 coffeehouse customers using confirmatory factor analysis and a structural equation modeling, accordingly. Findings Brand experiences and brand personality traits had direct effects on brand prestige, which in turn influenced brand relationship quality and attitudinal loyalty. Brand relationship quality directly and indirectly influenced attitudinal and behavioral brand loyalty. Research limitations/implications The data were collected from coffeehouse customers in the USA; therefore, the results may not be generalizable to other regions or types of service industries. The results have important theoretical and practical implications for gaining a competitive advantage through brand experiences, brand personality traits and prestige. Practical implications To enhance the coffeehouse brand prestige, it is critical to enhance patrons’ experiential interactions by using sensory appealing equipment/tools, developing sentimental slogans, active/behavioral mascots and intellectual advertising. Furthermore, it is necessary for it to build and enhance its own brand personality characterized by sincerity, excitement, competence, sophistication and ruggedness. Originality/value This study is the first to empirically test the relationships between brand experiences, brand personality traits and prestige in the coffeehouse industry.

Brand personality and purchase intention

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 462-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
María de la Paz Toldos-Romero ◽  
Ma. Margarita Orozco-Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Brand Personality ◽  
Personality Dimensions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Product Categories ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze the effects of brand personality dimensions on purchase intention. Furthermore, the brand personality dimensions are compared to study the differences between users and non-users of 12 brands. Design/methodology/approach – An estimated 400 undergraduate students participated. They were given a questionnaire divided into two sessions (six brands of think products in one session and six brands of feel products in another session). In the end, 313 participants completed the questionnaire on the six brands of think products, and 320 completed the questionnaire on the six brands of feel products. Findings – Multiple regression analysis revealed that Hipness/Vivacity, Success, Sincerity and Sophistication brand personality dimensions are significant predictors of purchase intention. In addition, Domesticity/Emotionality and Professionalism also explain purchase intention but with a negative weight. The results are also broken down into product categories. Compared with non-users of the brands, the users rate the brands higher in all the brand personality dimensions. Practical implications – This paper should prove useful to marketing practitioners to understand how Mexican customers perceive their brands and those of their competitors and, therefore, to understand what competitors of these brands can do to increase purchase intention. Originality/value – The results found regarding purchase intention are important, as they can be used to identify those personality brand dimensions that appear to be most important in explaining consumer preferences.

scholarly journals Towards a conceptual definition of intangible Olympic legacy

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vassil Girginov ◽  
Holger Preuss
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
Public Value ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Concept Definition ◽  
Conceptual Definition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Conceptual Difficulties ◽  
The Olympic Games

PurposeIntangible legacy encapsulates the essence of Olympism and its manifestation, the Olympic Games. Despite significant interest in the capacity of the Olympics to produce notable changes in society, conceptual difficulties in defining and measuring intangible legacy persist. The study develops a conceptual definition of intangible Olympic legacy.Design/methodology/approachThe study follows a four-step concept definition approach. It examines and integrates three strands of literature including intangibles, social interactions and public value, which is combined with insights from a longitudinal empirical investigation of intangible Olympic legacy for National Sport Organisations (NSO).FindingsThe proposed concept of intangible legacy defines it an emerging combination of attributes, interactions, processes and technology, with the goal of creating public value which is the ultimate goal of the Olympic Games. Since intangible legacy is qualitative rather than quantitative, a reconsideration of the current research paradigm is also proposed.Research limitations/implicationsThe study develops a new analytical device for the investigation of intangible legacies for specific publics such as NSO.Practical implicationsThe study carries practical implications for Olympic and events/festival promoters as it allows defining and operationalising the key attributes of the concept.Originality/valueThis is the first study to conceptualise intangible legacy of mega events.

The antecedents and consequences of brand personality: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rashid Saeed ◽  
Umar Burki ◽  
Raza Ali ◽  
Robert Dahlstrom ◽  
Hashim Zameer
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Brand Personality ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Antecedents And Consequences ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThe topic of brand personality (BP) has received extensive research attention in the last 2 decades, with a particular focus on examining its antecedents and consequences. This study, therefore, systematically reviews and synthesizes extant research on antecedents and consequences of BP of consumer products.Design/methodology/approachA systematic review approach is used to identify and analyze relevant studies from five major databases and a search engine. This review identified 62 articles from 43 journals published during 1997–2018. The relevant literature germane to the research objectives is extracted from these articles.FindingsThis study identifies and classifies antecedents and consequences of BP of consumer products, along with key mediators and moderators underlying these relationships. Additionally, the study reveals pertinent characteristics of BP literature, including conceptualizations, measurements, methods, theories and research settings. Finally, this study develops an integrative conceptual model and presents avenues for future research.Practical implicationsThis study provides insight to practitioners that create and develop brand personalities. The study would inform managers concerning the outcomes of BP.Originality/valueTo the best knowledge of the authors, this is the first systematic review that synthesizes existing empirical research on antecedents and consequences of BP of consumer products.

Sports video games participation: what can we learn for esports?

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaume García ◽  
Carles Murillo
Keyword(s):  
Video Games ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
Investment Strategies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sports Video ◽  
Traditional Sports ◽  
Sport Events ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThis study investigates three issues associated with playing sports video games: the correlates of participation (and its intensity) in this type of activity, their complementarity with traditional sports and their perception as sport. Given the scarcity of data on esports participation, these results can be seen as an initial approach to these issues with regard to esports.Design/methodology/approachSequential, two-part and regression models are estimated using a sample of 11,018 individuals from the Survey of Sporting Habits in Spain 2015.FindingsFirst, the association of the correlates follows different patterns for participation in sports video games and its intensity. Second, complementarity with traditional sports is found using different approaches. Third, young people consider this activity as a dimension of their overall interest in sports.Practical implicationsThe different association of the correlates with participation in esports and its intensity can be used to define marketing and brand investment strategies. The complementarity between esports and traditional sports should influence how the actual stakeholders in sport define future strategies to favour the growth of both industries. Finally, the increasing perception of esports as a sport should influence the future organisation of multi-sport events like the Olympic Games.Originality/valueUsing sports video games participation as a proxy of esports participation, this study is the first to provide empirical evidence of the relevance of distinguishing between participation in esports and its intensity, their complementarity with traditional sports and their perception as sport.

Consonants in brand names influence brand gender perceptions

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 101-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amelie Guevremont ◽  
Bianca Grohmann
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Brand Personality ◽  
Brand Names ◽  
Sound Symbolism ◽  
Brand Name ◽  
Personality Dimensions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Marketing Literature ◽  
Gender Perceptions ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – This paper examines to what extent consonants in brand names influence consumers’ perceptions of feminine and masculine brand personality. Design/methodology/approach – Four experiments empirically test the influence of consonants on feminine and masculine brand personality. The experiments involve different sets of new brand names, variations regarding the consonants tested (the stops k and t, the fricatives f and s), as well as different locations of the focal consonant in the brand name. Findings – Consonants influence consumers’ brand perceptions: brand masculinity is enhanced by stops (rather than fricatives), and brand femininity is enhanced by fricatives (rather than stops). Consonants specifically affect feminine and masculine brand personality, but not other brand personality dimensions. Consumers’ responses to brand names and resulting brand gender perceptions (i.e. likelihood to recommend) were moderated by salience of masculinity or femininity as a desirable brand attribute. Practical implications – This research has implications for brand name selection: consonants are effective in creating a specifically masculine or a feminine brand personality. Originality/value – This research is the first to specifically link consonants and feminine/masculine brand personality. By specifically examining consonants, this research extends the marketing literature on sound symbolism that is characterized by a focus on vowels effects. This research is also the first to address whether the position of the focal phoneme in the brand name matters.

scholarly journals Exploring children’s reactions to sponsorship transition: a study of interpersonal and pro-social demands

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-433
Author(s):  
Robert James Thomas ◽  
Gareth Reginald Terence White ◽  
Anthony Samuel
Keyword(s):  
Social Exchange ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Direct Application ◽  
Brand Relationships ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Perceptions And Attitudes ◽  
Manchester City ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this study is to evaluate children’s perceptions and attitudes towards sponsorship transition, specifically the change from Nike to PUMA as kit sponsors for Manchester City Football Club (MCFC) in July 2019. Design/methodology/approach A sample of 368 children, between 7 and 16 years of age were recruited for the study. Using electronic diaries, 1,577 diary entries were captured between February 2019 and March 2020. Findings Data reveals that children conceptualise sponsorship as a social exchange, with sponsoring brands seen as human entities and interaction with them reflecting the dynamism of social and familial relationships. Consequently, children in this study demanded prosocial and interpersonal behaviours from sponsors and sponsee during the transition period. Research limitations/implications The research has an immediate and direct application for brand managers and the sponsee when considering terminating long-term sponsorship. Both the departing and incoming sponsors can maximise their relationships with these younger fans through an orchestrated departure, arrival and dedicated handover. Practical implications The findings enable marketing brand managers to effectively evaluate sponsor transition to maximise opportunities to maintain, and indeed start, brand relationships with younger fans. Originality/value This is the first study that has examined sponsorship children’s responses to sponsorship transition.

The value of social media

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-5 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Routine Activity ◽  
Brand Relationships ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Organizational Perspective ◽  
Pertinent Information ◽  
A Company ◽  
Potential Customers ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies. Design/methodology/approach – This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds impartial comments and places the article in context. Findings – Engagement can help strengthen the emotional bond that characterizes consumer–brand relationships. But mutual trust and commitment are fundamental if the customer is to closely engage with a company or brand in the first place. Thanks to social media, establishing this critical foundation has become easier. Social networking is a major part of many people’s lives, and communicating with both firms and other consumers is a routine activity. From an organizational perspective, such channels provide an invaluable means of reaching both existing and potential customers. Practical implications – The paper provides strategic insights and practical thinking that have influenced some of the world’s leading organizations. Originality/value – The briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.

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