Methods for modelling reflective-formative second order constructs in PLS

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Duarte ◽  
Suzanne Amaro
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Theory ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Innovation Diffusion Theory ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Order Construct ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Reflective Measurement ◽  
Online Travel

Purpose This paper aims to discuss the estimation of PLS models with second-order formative constructs as existing research has mainly focused on second-order constructs with a reflective measurement. Design/methodology/approach Using a model grounded on Roger’s innovation diffusion theory applied to online travel shopping, an empirical application is used to assess and compare the different approaches used to estimate a formative second-order construct. The proposed model examines the innovations characteristics that have an impact on intentions to purchase travel online, using data from a convenience sample of 1,732 responses. Findings The findings show that all approaches produce similar results regarding the path coefficients, the predictive relevance of the model and the explained variance. The main differences between the approaches are related to the weights of the first-order constructs on the second-order construct and the significance of those weights. Several recommendations are made for researchers on which approach to use. Originality/value Since most research has focused on second-order constructs with a reflective measurement and there is limited research with formative second-order constructs, this paper provides a comparison of the different approaches typically used to estimate a formative second-order construct and present useful guidelines for researchers to decide the method to analyse a model with second-order constructs and how to assess formative second-order constructs.

Environmental awareness, consumption of organic products and gender

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-368
Author(s):  
Nágela Bianca do Prado ◽  
Gustavo Hermínio Salati Marcondes de Moraes
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Awareness ◽  
Control Variable ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Quantitative Methodology ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Organic Products ◽  
Order Construct ◽  
And Gender

PurposeIt was aimed to propose and test a theoretical model to evaluate how some dimensions of environmental awareness influence the intention of consuming organic products using gender as a control variable.Design/methodology/approachThe research was developed through quantitative methodology with the use of multivariate data analysis (PLS-SEM). The model uses a second-order construct. Although, it was conducted in a nonprobabilistic way using a convenience sample, with 213 university students.FindingsIt was confirmed the relation between the environmental awareness dimensions' influence and the intention to buy organic products that is also influenced according to the consumers' gender. There is a more positive effect and intensity in the organics' purchase by women.Research limitations/implicationsThe nonprobabilistic nature in addition to the use of the convenience sample, factors that do not allow the generalization of the results, are some limitations. Moreover, the dimensions of environmental awareness proposed do not include all of the motivators about the organic consumption.Practical implicationsThe results identified the factors that motivate the intention to consume organic products in Brazilian context and can contribute to managerial strategies formulation in order to increase the value perceived by the customer in relation to the consumption of these products.Originality/valueThis paper presents a deeper understanding about the dynamics between the factors that can guide the choice for organic products, besides providing a greater theoretical and empirical support tested by the use of a second-order construct.

Investigating the customers’ drivers of Islamic credit card loyalty and word of mouth

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariyoush Jamshidi ◽  
Laura Kuanova
Keyword(s):  
Credit Card ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Word Of Mouth ◽  
Diffusion Theory ◽  
Relative Advantage ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Innovation Diffusion Theory ◽  
Using Data

Purpose Because of the huge advantages of Islamic credit cards for both banks and customers, the purpose of this study is to examine the main factors that influence consumers to use an Islamic credit card (ICC). Design/methodology/approach Accordingly, the innovation diffusion theory, customer awareness and loyalty concept are considered because of their ability to predict behavior and also to provide valuable information. The proposed research model of the study was empirically validated using data collected from 397 bank customers in Kish Island, Iran. Partial least squares-structural equation modeling was used to analyze the collected data from respondents. Findings The results indicated that relative advantage and compatibility have a significant direct effect on ICC loyalty. The significant connection between ICC loyalty by bank customers and their decision to have positive word of mouth was also confirmed. Originality/value This study represents a basis for further refinement of individual ICC acceptance and loyalty models for researchers. For practitioners, organizations and banks would be able to redesign and manage-related factors, which, in turn, would increase the probability of ICC acceptance and usage success by bank customers.

Hotels’ online reputation management: benefits perceived by managers

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 615-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Perez-Aranda ◽  
María Vallespín ◽  
Sebastian Molinillo
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Model ◽  
Online Reviews ◽  
Customer Relationship ◽  
Reputation Management ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Order Construct ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Hotel Managers ◽  
Relationship Benefits ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThis study aims to develop a measurement model to help hotels manage their reputation within the context of online reviews and ratings platforms and evaluate the impact of this reputation management on the benefits derived by the hotels, as perceived by their managers.Design/methodology/approachPartial least squares was used to assess the model and make a causal predictive analysis, using data from a survey of a random sample of 335 Spanish hotel managers and personnel involved in reputation management.FindingsThis study shows the operationalization of hotel reputation management as a superordinate second-order construct affecting six individual first-order dimensions, strongly impacting on three key benefits as perceived by hotel managers (i.e. financial benefits, customer relationship benefits and customer-based brand benefits), within the context of online review platforms.Practical implicationsBased on the results of this study, hotel managers can improve the effectiveness of their management of ratings and reviews. They can also learn which aspects they should focus on when managing ratings and reviews.Originality/valueBased on the opinions of hotel managers, a causal model for managing online reviews was developed and validated. This study shows how reputation management affects the benefits derived by hotels as perceived by their managers.

Applying innovation attributes to predict purchase intention for the eco-labeled products

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 583-599
Author(s):  
Sahar Hosseinikhah Choshaly
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Diffusion ◽  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Diffusion Theory ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Shopping Mall ◽  
Relative Advantage ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Innovation Diffusion Theory ◽  
Context Specific

Purpose This paper aims to make use of the innovation diffusion theory to predict the purchase intention for eco-labeled products. Design/methodology/approach Data are collected from 180 individuals in the Mid Valley shopping mall area in Malaysia. It is then analyzed using SPSS and Smart PLS. The measurement model is analyzed using composite reliability, convergent and discriminate validity, while the structural model is used to predict the relationships between variables. Findings Results indicate that the relative advantage, trialability and observability are positively related to eco-labeled products purchase intention, while the complexity is negatively related to eco-labeled products purchase intention. However, compatibility is not positively related to eco-labeled products purchase intention. Practical implications Marketers should enhance the observability of eco-labeled as it is the most influential attribute affecting eco-labeled products purchase intention. Relative advantages of eco-labeled products are also important to stimulate purchase intention. Marketers could best relate the innovation to context-specific use situations enabling consumers to evaluate the use consequences of the innovation, and therefore, may assess its particular benefits. Originality/value It explores the potential of a theoretical framework based on innovation diffusion theory to explain eco-labeled products purchase intention.

The antecedents of creative article diffusion on blogs

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsiu-Hua Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Innovation Diffusion ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Diffusion Theory ◽  
Social Network Theory ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Social Network Data ◽  
Innovation Diffusion Theory ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose Bloggers often create digital content. Diffusion of the creative articles can make many bloggers or readers visit blog platforms. Restated, diffusion of the creative articles can assist blog service providers (BSPs) to retain bloggers and attract new bloggers. Thus, the research is conducted on creative article diffusion on blogs based on innovation diffusion theory and social network theory. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach In this study, an information system was used to collect 250 creative articles and social network data of these creative articles. Validity of the specific study hypotheses is tested by using multi-regression analysis. Findings Analytical results indicate both observability and network density positively affect creative article diffusion, and ties-strength negatively affects creative article diffusion. Research limitations/implications Since the interpersonal interactive mechanism of blogs differs from that of social network websites, bloggers establish different social networks which may influence innovation diffusion. However, different websites may have different interpersonal interactive mechanisms. Therefore, the results of this study should not be over-generalized. Practical implications For diffusing information, BSPs may focus on blog articles with trackback rate below 10 percent among the friends-bloggers network and advertise these articles to make their trackback rate increase to 10-20 percent to reach the self-sustaining status. This strategy ensures the largest payoff from creative article diffusion. Originality/value This study contributes to the knowledge of social network and innovation diffusion on blog website and develops a model explaining how antecedents influence creative article diffusion.

From creative process engagement to performance: bidirectional support

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 966-982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yana Du ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Yanhong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Creative Process ◽  
Relative Effect ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Role Performance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Investment Process ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the effect of creative process engagement on employees’ in-role performance, and does so by considering the support that employees received from and given to their supervisors. Design/methodology/approach Using data from 540 questionnaires collected in China, this paper conducts a hierarchical regression analysis to test the proposed model. Findings Creative process engagement positively affects employees’ in-role performance. However, the moderating effect of receiving support on the above relationship is not significant. Instead, it is the interaction of receiving support from and giving it to supervisors that moderates the relationship between creative process engagement and in-role performance. Research limitations/implications The study has some contributions to the conservation of resource (COR) theory. The authors find that acquiring new resources such as receiving support from supervisors is not always effective. The acquisition process of resources should be considered with the investment process of resources. According to the COR theory, people invest resources to gain resources and protect themselves from losing resources or to recover from resource loss (Halbesleben et al., 2014). The findings of the study show that employees investing resources is not just for gaining resources. Sometimes, they invest resources such as giving support to supervisors to remain a relatively balanced relationship. Practical implications Companies can encourage employees to place more attention on creative process engagement to improve in-role performance. In addition, when offering support to employees, managers should consider whether the employees are able to give it back in response to the received support, and distribute their support to employees accordingly. Originality/value This paper explored employee’s engagement at creative process in a more novel way and clarified the relative effect of creative process engagement on in-role performance. Also, this paper was the first to pay attention to the bidirectional nature of supervisor support.

Improving passwords: influence of emotions on security behaviour

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwan Gulenko
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Technology Acceptance ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Diffusion Theory ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Innovation Diffusion Theory ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Acceptance Model

Purpose – This paper aims to study the influence of emotions on security behaviour by reviewing Information Systems Security (ISS) topics in Information Systems (IS) literature. Researchers in ISS study how to motivate people to adhere to security policies; they mainly focus on cognitive models such as the technology acceptance model (Davis, 1985), innovation diffusion theory (Brancheau and Wetherbe, 1990), theory of planned behaviour (Mathieson, 1991) and social cognitive theory (Compeau and Higgins, 1995). Applying positive emotions such as joy and interest is feasible by adding emoticons and positive messages; we use this approach to improve password choosing. Design/methodology/approach – We apply differential emotional theory (Izard 2002) from psychology to the context of ISS. Twenty-two participants took part in an experiment with the task of choosing strong but memorable passphrases. The dependent variable is the strength of the chosen passphrase. The task for the user is to come up with a passphrase that is both strong and memorable. We choose a between-subject design. The independent variable is the emotional interface that the user is confronted with. Findings – We found that 5.35 words was the mean when participants were shown positive smiley faces and messages. When exposed to negative emoticons, the mean was only 4.35 words. Through ANOVA, we find the differences to be statistically significant (F1; 20 = 3.16; p < 0.1). We derive from the experiment that positive emotions should be used in ISS when making users start a habit (e.g. developing a new, individual password strategy), and we conclude from our literature review that negative emotions should be used when reinforcing a habit (e.g. taking care of shoulder surfing). Originality/value – We contribute to practice by developing a user script that can be installed in all established Internet browsers. The script supports the user to choose a good passphrase strategy when registering for a new service. We find that trainings should not rely on facts only but must make use of emotions, which are crucial for human motivation.

Values, motivation, commitment, performance and rewards: analysis model

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 1139-1169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela Lage Monteiro de Castro ◽  
Mário Teixeira Reis Neto ◽  
Cláudia Aparecida Avelar Ferreira ◽  
Jorge Filipe da Silva Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Structural Model ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Management Processes ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Management Area ◽  
The Usa

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate how construct values, motivation, commitment, performance and reward are associated with professionals from different countries, from the framework of a hypothetical structural model. Design/methodology/approach The survey was cross-sectional, descriptive and quantitative. The sample of individuals corresponding to three different countries, with information collected from a sample of 406 respondents, and from a convenience sample of two companies, one company in the oil and gas sector, surveyed in Mexico and the USA, and the other company in the electronics industry, researched in Brazil. Findings Thus, the association of the construct values with motivation in Mexico, demonstrated a better balance of the proposed hypothetical structural model. The study identified six groups (clusters) of different individuals according to values, and also, its associative relationship according to the variables of the proposed hypothetical structural model. The identification of each cluster was possible, according to the variables of the hypothetical structural model, and the groups with greater proximity between Mexico and USA were very similar, mostly because US companies have many Mexicans in their staff. Research limitations/implications Therefore, it is understood that the approach used in this work could eventually be replicated in other regions to seek confirmations and/or contradictions of the results, contributing to future studies to relate such constructs. Practical implications It is expected that this work can stimulate others that aim to explore the hypothetical structural model in more countries or organizations in order to understand the influence of the constructs in or ganizational management, enabling people management area to be more effective in conducting relevant management processes for each organization. Originality/value The proposed model has shown that organizational management allowed the verification of the association between constructs motivation, commitment, performance and reward, excluding the construct values.

What drives smartwatch adoption intention? Comparing Apple and non-Apple watches

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 186-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuo-Lun Hsiao
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Diffusion Theory ◽  
Relative Advantage ◽  
Growth Strategies ◽  
New Product Adoption ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Innovation Diffusion Theory ◽  
Intention To Adopt ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Adoption Intention

Purpose The purpose of this study is twofold. First, an integrated model will be developed based on task-technology fit, innovation diffusion theory and the new product adoption model in order to explore the factors that affect smartwatch adoption. Second, the differences in the factors that affect users’ intention to adopt the Apple Watch and other smartwatches will be examined. Design/methodology/approach The data for this study were collected via an online survey questionnaire. The responses of 341 potential adopters of smartwatches were used to test the hypotheses in the research model. The casual model was assessed using partial least squares techniques. Findings The model can account for more than 50 percent of the variance in adoption intention. The research results affirm prior findings that perceived product attributes have relatively strong influence on adoption intention. Among these attributes, relative advantage has the strongest effect. Moreover, this study revealed differences between the antecedents of Apple watches and those of non-Apple watches. Practical implications The insights provided by this study can help smartwatch providers formulate better growth strategies. The findings also provide some directions for further development. Originality/value This study provides a better understanding of how the factors in the theories influence the adoption intentions of Apple watches and non-Apple watches.

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