Effects of mixed starters on quality attributes of probiotic yogurt using statistical design approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 158-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Ghasempour ◽  
Ehsan Moghaddas Kia ◽  
Sahel Golbandi ◽  
Ali Ehsani
Keyword(s):  
Storage Time ◽  
Starter Culture ◽  
Statistical Design ◽  
Textural Properties ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Quality Attributes ◽  
Starter Cultures ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Probiotic Yogurt

Purpose The quality of probiotic yogurt which is remarked as a healthy, therapeutic and nutritious food product strongly depends on starter types and their compositions; however, the choice of starter culture affects the taste, aroma and quality of the final product. Through this study, to obtain favorable quality attributes of probiotic yogurt, a mixture of two thermophilic/mesophilic starter cultures (YC- 350/YC- X16) was applied for fermentation. Design/methodology/approach The effects of starter mixture, probiotic Lactobacillus paracasei and storage time on quality indices, such as apparent viscosity, water holding capacity, syneresis, post acidification rate and probiotic viability (L. paracasei), were assessed through using a combined (mixture-process) statistical design. Findings The results revealed that changes in viscosity and syneresis depend on the amount of YC- X16. Acidification rate was more pronounced at higher levels of YC- 350 (1.22 per cent) in comparison to that in YC-X16 (1.08 per cent) during storage time. With respect to probiotic viability, L. paracasei count was more than 107 cfu/mL during refrigerated storage time. Moreover, a promotive effect of YC- 350 on L. paracasei proliferation was observed in this study. Originality/value The favorable yogurt, from qualitative aspects, was manufactured at 75:25 per cent ratio of YC- X16:YC- 350 in probiotic type yogurts. Therefore, the use of mixed starter cultures developed textural properties of probiotic yogurt beside L. paracasei survival.

scholarly journals Breeding Strategy To Generate Robust Yeast Starter Cultures for Cocoa Pulp Fermentations

2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (18) ◽  
pp. 6166-6176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Meersman ◽  
Jan Steensels ◽  
Tinneke Paulus ◽  
Nore Struyf ◽  
Veerle Saels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Starter Culture ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Breeding Strategy ◽  
Starter Cultures ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fermentation Capacity ◽  
Spontaneous Fermentations

ABSTRACTCocoa pulp fermentation is a spontaneous process during which the natural microbiota present at cocoa farms is allowed to ferment the pulp surrounding cocoa beans. Because such spontaneous fermentations are inconsistent and contribute to product variability, there is growing interest in a microbial starter culture that could be used to inoculate cocoa pulp fermentations. Previous studies have revealed that many different fungi are recovered from different batches of spontaneous cocoa pulp fermentations, whereas the variation in the prokaryotic microbiome is much more limited. In this study, therefore, we aimed to develop a suitable yeast starter culture that is able to outcompete wild contaminants and consistently produce high-quality chocolate. Starting from specifically selectedSaccharomyces cerevisiaestrains, we developed robust hybrids with characteristics that allow them to efficiently ferment cocoa pulp, including improved temperature tolerance and fermentation capacity. We conducted several laboratory and field trials to show that these new hybrids often outperform their parental strains and are able to dominate spontaneous pilot scale fermentations, which results in much more consistent microbial profiles. Moreover, analysis of the resulting chocolate showed that some of the cocoa batches that were fermented with specific starter cultures yielded superior chocolate. Taken together, these results describe the development of robust yeast starter cultures for cocoa pulp fermentations that can contribute to improving the consistency and quality of commercial chocolate production.

scholarly journals Quality of Cucumbers Commercially Fermented in Calcium Chloride Brine without Sodium Salts

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin K. McMurtrie ◽  
Suzanne D. Johanningsmeier
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Chloride ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Starter Culture ◽  
Potassium Sorbate ◽  
Quality Improvements ◽  
Acid Fermentation ◽  
Industrial Fermentation ◽  
Color Differences ◽  
Process Controls

Commercial cucumber fermentation produces large volumes of salty wastewater. This study evaluated the quality of fermented cucumbers produced commercially using an alternative calcium chloride (CaCl2) brining process. Fermentation conducted in calcium brines (0.1 M CaCl2, 6 mM potassium sorbate, equilibrated) with a starter culture was compared to standard industrial fermentation. Production variables included commercial processor(n=6), seasonal variation (June–September, 2 years), vessel size (10,000–40,000 L), cucumber size (2.7–5.1 cm diameter), and bulk storage time (55–280 days). Cucumber mesocarp firmness, color, bloater defects, pH, and organic acids were measured. Complete lactic acid fermentation was achieved, resulting in terminal fermentation pH values of 3.23 ± 0.09 and 3.30 ± 0.12 for CaCl2and NaCl processes, respectively. On average, CaCl2brined, fermented cucumbers were 1.8 N less firm, which remained significant in the finished product(P<0.0001). Color differences evidenced by higher hue and lower chroma values(P<0.0269)were consistent with increased photooxidation in CaCl2brined cucumbers. Commercial implementation of CaCl2brines for cucumber fermentation in open tanks variably resulted in texture and color defects that can impact product quality. Additional research is needed to understand the atypical softening observed at the commercial scale and identify process controls for quality improvements.

scholarly journals The impact of the partial replacement of sodium chloride in the development of starter cultures during Italian salami production

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Fieira ◽  
João Francisco Marchi ◽  
Daiana Marafão ◽  
Alexandre da Trindade Alfaro
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Starter Culture ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Starter Cultures ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
Cured Meat ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Italian salami is a cured meat with high sodium contents which is easy, fast and convenient to consume. Starter cultures are used to improve its sensory characteristics and refine its technological manufacturing process. The goal of this study was to reduce the sodium content in Italian salami through the partial replacement of sodium chloride by potassium chloride, magnesium chloride and calcium chloride, and evaluate the viability of the Lactobacillus sp. and Staphylococcus sp. cells found in the starter culture. Four formulations were elaborated: one with, and one without the starter culture, but both with the addition of sodium chloride; and two with the partial replacement of 60% of the sodium chloride: the first with KCl, and the other with a mixture of KCl, MgCl2 and CaCl2. Physicochemical and microbiological evaluations were carried out to monitor the ripening and the quality of the final product. The partial replacement of NaCl by other salts (MgCl2, CaCl2, KCl) did not interfere in the growth of the starter culture in the Italian salami, neither did it affect the majority of the physicochemical parameters of the Italian salami nor the microbiological quality of the final product.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Study of the Impacts of Oat β-Glucan and Bacterial Curdlan on the Activity of Commercial Starter Culture in Yogurt

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (22) ◽  
pp. 5411
Author(s):  
Marek Aljewicz ◽  
Małgorzata Majcher ◽  
Beata Nalepa
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Starter Culture ◽  
Starter Cultures ◽  
Average Increase ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Lactic Acid Content ◽  
Production Increase ◽  
Addition Level ◽  
Comprehensive Study

This study provides important information about the impacts of various levels of oat (OBG) and bacterial (curdlan) β-glucan and fat contents in milk on survivability and metabolism of yogurt starter cultures. The results show that addition of β-glucans in the concentration higher than 0.25% reduced starter bacterial counts during storage and prolonged the milk acidification process. A significant increase in lactose consumption by starter cultures was noted in the yogurt samples with OBG addition up to 0.75%. The highest (by 567% on average) increase in lactic acid content was noted in the control yogurts. Whereas the lowest (by 351%) increase in lactic acid content was noted in yogurts with OBG. After 28-day storage, the acetic aldehyde content was significantly influenced by fat content, type and addition level of polysaccharide. A higher increase in acetoin content was noted in samples with 0.25% than in samples with 1% of polysaccharides. In turn, significantly lower increases in diacetyl and 2,3-pentanedione contents were observed in the yogurt samples with OBG than in these with curdlan, with diacetyl production increase along with the higher concentration of the polysaccharide. The addition of OBG and curdlan to milk contributed to differences in the starter culture metabolism, consequently, in the milk acidification dynamics.

Nutritional labelling and purchase intention interaction of interpretative food labels with consumers' beliefs and decisions

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cayetano Medina-Molina ◽  
Benito Pérez-González
Keyword(s):  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Negative Evaluation ◽  
Food Labels ◽  
Product Packaging ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive Message ◽  
Negative Message

PurposeSpain decided to implement NutriScore with the objective of helping consumers to choose healthier foods. NutriScore is a summary indicator interpretative nutritional labelling. This study aims to verify whether the coexistence with other interpretative labelling may influence NutriScore effectiveness.Design/methodology/approachA questionnaire was used to analyse two different brands in the same category; one of them ranked with a “B” NutriScore rating and the other with a “D” NutriScore rating. The product packaging was shown in four different ways: without indications, with nutrient-specific labels, with summary indicators (NutriScore) and with both interpretative indicators. Having positive and negative evaluations of NutriScore allowed us to assess its impact. Structural equation modelling (SEM), Student t-test and F-test were employed with a sample of 301 questionnaires.FindingsThe different formats of the interpretative labels did not moderate the relationship between perceived healthiness and purchase intention. When a food product is given positive evaluation from NutriScore, nutrient-specific interpretative labelling reinforces the effect of NutriScore. When a food product is given negative evaluation from NutriScore, nutrient specific interpretative labelling cancels the effect of NutriScore on perceived healthiness and purchase intention.Originality/valuePrevious studies have analysed the interaction between NutriScore and nutrient-specific interpretative labels, but they attribute a negative message to the product (warning labels). This study was aimed at analysing the interaction between NutriScore and summary indicators nutrient specific with positive message about the nutritional quality of the food item.

Quality attributes of Jericoacoara, Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Joana Gadotti dos Anjos ◽  
Jéssica Vieira de Souza Meira ◽  
Melise de Lima Pereira ◽  
Pablo Flôres Limberger
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Quality Attributes ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Empirical Knowledge ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Empirical Contribution

Purpose Some recent research studies in tourism have focused on the quality of the destination. The purpose of this paper is to identify and test the quality attributes of the destination of Jericoacoara, Brazil, in order to contribute to theoretical and empirical knowledge of the subject. Design/methodology/approach This study is exploratory and descriptive in nature, with a quantitative approach, and uses questionnaires administered to 391 tourists in Jericoacoara. Data were analyzed through exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. Findings Results showed that the most important factor in assessing the quality of the destination is service, followed by the factors accommodation, management, destination, and, lastly, attractions. Originality/value This study is a theoretical and empirical contribution to the debate on destiny quality and a management tool for strategic planning.

Augmentation of quality attributes of chicken tikka prepared from spent hen meat with lemon juice and ginger extract marination

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 606-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yogesh Kumar ◽  
Praneeta Singh ◽  
Vinay Kumar Tanwar ◽  
Prabhakaran Ponnusamy ◽  
Pramod Kumar Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Textural Properties ◽  
Cholesterol Content ◽  
Quality Attributes ◽  
Lemon Juice ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Breast Meat ◽  
Ginger Extract ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Spent Hen

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to produce spent hen tikka of improved quality attributes using lemon juice and ginger extract marination. Design/methodology/approach – Three experimental groups were made: control group, 20 per cent lemon juice marinated group (LM) and 50 per cent ginger extract marinated group (GM). Boneless spent hen breast meat was cut into small cubes of one inch with the help of knife and kept in marinade solution in ratio of 2:1 w/v at 4 ± 1°C for 16 hours in a refrigerator. Chicken tikka was prepared using an electric oven at the temperature of 240°C for 20 minutes. Findings – There was a significant (p < 0.05) increase in moisture content and water holding capacity of LM and GM marinated chicken tikka, whereas protein, fat, ash, cholesterol content and shear force values were significantly (p < 0.05) decreased. pH was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in GM and significantly (p < 0.05) lower in LM compared to control for chicken tikka. Research limitations/implications – Future research may be carried out to assess the effect of lemon juice and ginger extract marination on mineral content and lipid profile. Originality/value – Marination of meat with LM and GM improved the sensory scores and textural properties, whereas fat and cholesterol content of chicken tikka decreased. Therefore, marination of chicken tikka with LM and GM may be used as processing technology to improve quality attributes of spent hen tikka.

scholarly journals Compositional and textural properties of goat’s milk cheese prepared using dahi (yogurt) as the starter culture

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umair Shabbir ◽  
Nuzhat Huma ◽  
Ahsan Javed
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Starter Culture ◽  
Textural Properties ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Starter Cultures ◽  
Texture Profile ◽  
Goat’S Milk ◽  
Goat's Milk ◽  
Organoleptic Parameters

Abstract This study aimed to develop goat’s milk cheese to conserve the major milk constituents. Household dahi (yoghurt) is an inexpensive source of starter cultures that contains several types of microorganism of which most are thermophilic in nature and can be used in the production of goat’s milk cheese. Different concentrations of dahi (0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0% and 2.5%) were used to prepare the cheeses following the standard procedure for cheese manufacturing. The cheeses were analysed for their physicochemical, textural and organoleptic parameters. The highest yield was recorded for T1.0% (17.33%) and the lowest for T2.5% (15.58%). Significant (p < 0.05) differences were found for the pH, acidity and moisture content of the different goat’s milk cheese samples. The moisture content was highest in T0.5% (59.30) and lowest in T2.5% (52.20). The texture profile was significant (p < 0.05) for firmness, adhesiveness, gumminess and chewiness between the treatments. The sensory scores indicated that T1.0% was preferred by the panellists, followed by T1.5% and then the other treatments. It was concluded that goat’s milk cheese could be prepared with good quality characteristics using 1% dahi as the starter culture.

Impact of processing and packaging on the quality of murici jelly [Byrsonima crassifolia (L.) rich] during storage

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 871-883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Crivelari Da Cunha ◽  
Patrícia da Silva Machado ◽  
Ana Beatriz Silva Araújo ◽  
Elisângela Elena Nunes Carvalho ◽  
Eduardo Valério de Barros Vilas Boas
Keyword(s):  
Storage Time ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sensory Acceptance ◽  
Byrsonima Crassifolia ◽  
Pulp Processing ◽  
Glass Packaging

Purpose The potential of the Cerrado fruit could be explored by development of new products, such as jellies that can be used to add value to the fruit, as well as to preserve this biome. This paper aims to evaluate the effect of processing, the glass packaging type and storage time on the quality of jelly, prepared from reconstituted murici pulp, over 12 months of storage. Design/methodology/approach The authors used a completely randomized design (CRD) in factorial 2 × 5, with two types of glass packaging (transparent and amber) and five storage periods (0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months), with four replications and the experimental parcel consisting of 80 g of jelly (two bottles of 40 g). The quality of jelly was monitored through 12 months using physicochemical (proximal composition, color, soluble solids, titratable acidity and pH), microbiological (coliforms at 35 °C and 45 °C, filamentous fungi and Salmonella sp) and sensory analyses (sensory acceptance and purchase intent). Findings The pulp processing effectively affected the physicochemical and nutritional composition (proximal composition, soluble solids and color). It was found that only the storage time significantly influenced (p < 0.05) jelly quality, considering the variables analyzed, except the soluble solids, ash, dietary fiber and sensory texture attributes. However, the glass packaging factor (transparent and amber) did not result in significant changes in those variables. Moreover, the pulp processing allows a seasonal fruit with a short harvest period and short post-harvest life to be available to consumers as a new product throughout the year. Originality/value Based on the present study, the native Cerrado fruit such as murici [Byrsonima crassifolia (L.) Rich] is appreciated for its pleasant peculiarities such as color, aroma and taste; however, it is underutilized as food for lack of information and studies. Although the fruit does not have widespread use as food, it is necessary to make the population aware about its importance, not only as a source of nutrients, but also for its functional and sensory potential. Therefore, the production of murici jelly can increase consumption of the fruit, besides being a way to add value and extend the shelf life and sensory acceptance of the product prepared.

EFFICIENCY OF TECHNOLOGY OF RYE-WHEAT BREAD FROM FROZEN SEMI-FINISHED PRODUCTS OF A HIGH DEGREE OF READINESS FOR PREVENTIVE NUTRITION USING GRAIN FILLINGS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.О. ЛОКТИОНОВА ◽  
Е.М. МАРКИН ◽  
Н.В. ЛАБУТИНА ◽  
Э.О. ГЕРАСИМОВА
Keyword(s):  
Starter Culture ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Starter Cultures ◽  
Wheat Bread ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Enzyme Preparations ◽  
Physical And Chemical Quality ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Разработана технология ржано-пшеничного хлеба из замороженных полуфабрикатов высокой степени готовности профилактического назначения с использованием зерновой закваски. Для приготовлении закваски зерно пшеницы проращивали в течение 12–13 ч при температуре 23–25°С; затем к измельченной зерновой массе добавляли воду в соотношении 1 : 1 и растворы ферментных препаратов ксиланазного действия. Полученную смесь выдерживали 2 ч при температуре 40°С. Тесто готовили с использованием густой ржаной закваски, а также зерновых заквасок при соотношении 60 : 40 ржаной обдирной и пшеничной муки первого сорта соответственно. Выпеченные полуфабрикаты охлаждали в естественных условиях, упаковывали и помещали в морозильную камеру при температуре –27°С. После размораживания производили допекание изделия до 100%-й готовности. Анализ физико-химических показателей качества ржано-пшеничного хлеба, приготовленного из замороженных полуфабрикатов, показал, что использование зерновых заквасок улучшает качество готового хлеба и сохраняет его основные показатели после криохранения. Удельный объем образцов хлеба на закваске густой ржаной/зерновой, см3/г: 2,2/2,4; влажность, %: 44,5/44,0; кислотность, град.: 4,4/3,8; пористость, %: 64/60; общая деформация, мм: 3,0/3,3 соответственно. The technology of rye-wheat bread from frozen semi-finished products of high readiness for preventive purposes using grain starter culture has been developed. To prepare the starter culture, wheat grain was sprouted for 12–13 hours at a temperature of 23–25°C; then water was added to the crushed grain mass in a ratio of 1 : 1 and solutions of xylanase-acting enzyme preparations. The resulting mixture was kept for 2 hours at a temperature of 40°C. The dough was prepared using a thick rye sourdough, as well as grain starter cultures at a ratio of 60 : 40 rye skinned and wheat flour of the first grade, respectively. Baked semi-finished products were cooled in natural conditions, Packed and placed in a freezer at a temperature of –27°C. After defrosting, the product was baked to 100% readiness. Analysis of physical and chemical quality indicators of rye-wheat bread made from frozen semi-finished products showed that the use of grain starter cultures improves the quality of finished bread and preserves its main indicators after cryopreservation. Specific volume of bread samples on sourdough thick rye/grain, cm3/g: 2,2/2,4; humidity, %: 44,5/44,0; degree of acidity 4,4/3,8; porosity, %: 64/60; total deformation, mm: 3,0/3,3 respectively.

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