US migration policy poses a tough balancing act

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Executive Orders ◽  
Migration Policies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Us Congress ◽  
The Us ◽  
Long Time

Significance The move, designed to ease migrant outflows from the sub-region by improving work opportunities and living standards, forms part of a broader effort by the Biden administration to pursue more humane migration policies. Impacts Further executive orders are expected in the coming days, including to raise a refugee admissions cap to 125,000, up from 15,000. Legislation could take a long time to get through the US Congress, leaving executive orders vulnerable to legal challenge. Climate change will worsen droughts, flooding and food insecurity in the coming years, compounding migration pressures.

Rethinking free skilled labour migration policies in CLMV countries: a qualitative systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanvedes Daovisan ◽  
Pimporn Phukrongpet ◽  
Thanapauge Chamaratana
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Lao Pdr ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Free Flow ◽  
Labour Migration ◽  
Migration Policies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Skilled Labour ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThere is an ongoing debate in the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) Blueprint 2015 concerning the skilled labour migration policy regimes. This review aims to systematise the free flow of skilled labour migration policies in Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar and Vietnam (CLMV) countries.Design/methodology/approachThis review utilised a qualitative systematic in peer-reviewed journals for the period 2015–2019. The initial search identified 28,874 articles. Of those articles, 10,612 articles were screened, 738 articles were checked, 150 articles were selected and 18 articles met the criteria. Data were analysed using thematic synthesis (e.g. coding, categorisation, synthesis and summarisation).FindingsThe review suggested that free movement from CLMV countries is the cause of the mass exodus of unskilled migration to high-income countries. The review found that the free flow of migration policy in the AEC Blueprint 2015 is associated with illegal, unauthorised and unskilled workers in the host country.Research limitations/implicationsA systematic review is qualitative in nature, in which the relevant existing literature lacks some empirical studies, and the results must be generalisable.Practical implicationsThe current systematic review provides a visual diagram for practical implications to isolate undocumented, illegal, unpermitted and unskilled migrant workers and further reduce the mass exodus of migration from CLMV countries.Originality/valueTo the authors' knowledge, this is the first review to extend the literature to the macro-level determinants of free flow of skilled labour migration policies in CLMV countries. The present review seeks to inform the policy responses of moving freely between sending and receiving countries.

Demoralizing: integrating J.D. Peters’ communication “chasm” with Niklas Luhmann’s (1989) ecological communication to analyze climate change mitigation inaction

Kybernetes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob A. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Binary Codes ◽  
Social Implication ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Us ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation Policy ◽  
Ecological Communication ◽  
Change Mitigation

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explain the US society’s insignificant mitigation of climate change using Niklas Luhmann’s (1989) autopoietic social systems theory in ecological communication. Specifically, the author’s analysis falls within the context of Luhmann re-moralized while focusing on particular function systems’ binary codes and their repellence of substantive US climate change mitigation policy across systems. Design/methodology/approach The author achieves this purpose by resituating Luhmann’s conception of evolution to forgo systems teleology and better contextualize the spatial-temporal scale of climate change; reinforcing complexity reduction and differentiation by integrating communication and media scholar John D. Peters’s (1999) “communication chasm” concept as one mechanism through which codes sustain over time; and applying these integrated concepts to prominent the US climate change mitigation attempts. Findings The author concludes that climate change mitigation efforts are the amalgamation of the systems’ moral communications. Mitigation efforts have relegated themselves to subsystems of the ten major systems given the polarizing nature of their predominant care/harm moral binary. Communication chasms persist because these moral communications cannot both adhere to the systems’ binary codes and communicate the climate crisis’s urgency. The more time that passes, the more codes force mitigation organizations, activist efforts and their moral communications to adapt and sacrifice their actions to align with the encircling systems’ code. Social implications In addition to the conceptual contribution, the social implication is that by identifying how and why climate change mitigation efforts are subsumed by the larger systems and their codes, climate change activists and practitioners can better tool their tactics to change the codes at the heart of the systems if serious and substantive climate change mitigation is to prevail. Originality/value To the author’s knowledge, there has not been an integration of a historical communication concept into, and sociological application of, ecological communication in the context of climate change mitigation.

US-India-Pakistan cyber cooperation will be limited

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Us ◽  
Global Norms ◽  
Critical Challenge ◽  
Bilateral Collaboration

Significance Washington, Delhi and Islamabad all view cybersecurity as a critical challenge, and the US administration wants to work multilaterally to address shared global threats. However, the lack of precedent for trilateral cooperation, deep US-Pakistan and India-Pakistan mistrust, and US preference for cyber cooperation only with top allies impede collaboration. Impacts US-India-Pakistan cyber cooperation may offer a new template for three-way collaboration on other threats such as climate change. Any India-Pakistan cooperation on cybersecurity could spur additional bilateral collaboration in other areas. Such cooperation would boost efforts to develop global norms to tackle cybersecurity.

The exchange between citizens and elected officials: a social psychological framework for citizen climate activists

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-30
Author(s):  
DAVID K. SHERMAN ◽  
MICHELLE F. SHTEYN ◽  
HAHRIE HAN ◽  
LEAF VAN BOVEN
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Elected Officials ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Pricing Policy ◽  
Us Congress ◽  
The Us ◽  
Climate Crisis

Abstract Citizen activists play a role in translating public concern about the climate crisis to policymakers and elevating it on the political agenda. We consider the dynamic between citizen activists and the decision-makers they seek to influence and we review psychological research relevant to advocating for climate legislation. We conducted a study with citizen activists who lobby the US Congress for a carbon pricing policy to address climate change. The study assessed how activists think about four social psychological approaches: affirmation, social norms, legacy and immediacy. The findings provide a window into activists’ intuitions about which strategies to use, whom to use them with and their perceived effectiveness. A strategy of establishing shared values and common ground (affirmation) was used most frequently overall. A strategy emphasizing the long-term costs and benefits of addressing climate change (legacy) was employed less frequently than affirmation and seen as less effective by activists but it was the only strategy that was associated with perceived increases in Congressional Representatives’ support of the policy. Citizen activists and their interactions with elected officials provide an opportunity for social-behavioral scientists to understand and potentially overcome barriers to enacting climate policy.

Puerto Rican shutdown would increase default fears

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Puerto Rican ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Us Congress ◽  
Federal Intervention ◽  
Congressional Vote ◽  
General Obligation Bonds ◽  
General Obligation ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Government

Significance Puerto Rico is facing a severe fiscal crunch; its general obligation bonds are rated junk status and the government has said that a 2.9 billion dollar bond issuance -- at risk because of the congressional vote -- is required to prevent a shutdown in the next three months. Impacts There is little-to-no prospect of Puerto Rican statehood while Republicans control the US Congress. Puerto Rico would gain five representatives and two senators, likely to vote Democratic. However, this may encourage some Republicans to back federal intervention on debt, to ward off calls for statehood.

Disagreement possible over pace of Myanmar-US policy

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Presidential Transition ◽  
Content Type ◽  
White House ◽  
Us Congress ◽  
Labour Rights ◽  
Generalized System ◽  
Generalized System Of Preferences ◽  
The Us ◽  
Aung San Suu Kyi ◽  
Policy Engagement

Subject Outlook for US policy engagement with Myanmar as the US presidential transition nears. Significance The White House is preparing to lift most remaining US sanctions on Myanmar, after President Barack Obama's September 14 announcement to this effect when he met Myanmar State Counsellor Aung San Suu Kyi. Washington will also restore Myanmar's access to the US Generalized System of Preferences (GSP) because of recent improvements in labour rights. Supporting Myanmar's democratic 'transition' has been a key Obama policy and the president is attempting to fix progress before his successor takes office in January 2017. Impacts Myanmar's government will deepen ties with Beijing, but not necessarily to the extent of eclipsing US ties. The Rohingya issue will still cause some friction in Myanmar-US ties. Policy gaps and delays on Myanmar between the US Congress and next president may expand.

US election will roil Latin American outlook

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Us Foreign Policy ◽  
Trade Barriers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Weak Support ◽  
Policy Debates ◽  
The Us

Subject The US election impact in Latin America. Significance Donald Trump's victory in the US elections was received with concern in Latin America, where most governments informally supported Hillary Clinton's campaign and were expecting continuity in US foreign policy. Trump's positions on migration are particularly worrying for Mexico and Central America. His agenda in other areas is not clear: during the campaign, he made few statements about the region and maintained some contradictory positions on several issues, including relations with Cuba. Impacts Trump's victory will have an impact on domestic policy debates in many countries. Backpedalling on climate change would represent a major regional concern. Already weak support for economic orthodoxy and reduced trade barriers will decline further.

Prospects for renewable energy to end-2017

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Paris Agreement ◽  
Energy Information Administration ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
The Us ◽  
Energy Information

Subject Prospects for renewable energy to end-2017. Significance On June 1, US President Donald Trump's administration announced its intent to pull out of the Paris Agreement on climate change. Later that week, the US Energy Information Administration revealed in a report that renewables set a record of generating 10% of the country’s electric power in the month of March, highlighting that renewable energy has strong momentum that should carry it through shorter term policy fluctuations.

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