Determination and Measurement of Horizontal Control Points 2nd Order

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oktavianto Gustin ◽  
Arif Roziqin ◽  
Agus Fatulloh
Keyword(s):  
Control Points ◽  
Horizontal Control

scholarly journals SURVEY TERESTRIS PENGUKURAN JARING KONTROL HORIZONTAL ORDE-4 DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE POLIGON TERTUTUP

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Mutrofin Rozaq ◽  
Lukito Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Back Face ◽  
Polygon Method ◽  
Campus Building ◽  
Horizontal Control

Construction of the Lumajang PDD campus building, the pilot of the Lumajang Community Community Academy began in 2017. The campus building will be built on 5.3 hectares of land located on Lumajang East Road. The process of building construction, will begin with measuring the boundary of the land by placing coordinates. This research was conducted in order to prepare the location or location of horizontal control points in preparation for the establishment of the Lumajang Community Community Academy campus building.The research method used in measuring coordinate points is the polygon method. Measurements were carried out in terrestrial surveys using theodolite devices. Theodolite devices are among the measurement target points, namely back-face. The measurement target points are located at the specified land boundary. The results of the study obtained a map of the distribution of horizontal control points on the boundaries of campus land and the installation of monuments

scholarly journals Determination Of Horizontal Geodetic Control Networks For Engineering Objects Using Optoelectronic Techniques

2015 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazimierz Ćmielewski ◽  
Janusz Kuchmister ◽  
Piotr Gołuch ◽  
Izabela Wilczyńska ◽  
Krzysztof Kowalski
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Accuracy ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Control Networks ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Optoelectronic Method ◽  
Geodetic Control ◽  
And Control ◽  
Horizontal Control

AbstractThe correctness of the geodetic service of an engineering object not seldom requires designing, alignment or renewing of geodetic situational control points. Building robots often cause that fixed situational control points are partly or completely inaccessible. For setting the position of these control points, there is worked out the methodology using the optoelectronic method. The prepared set of tools realizes the method’s assumptions and enables to determine the sides and control points based on the set of laser planes. In this article there is presented the innovative set of geodetic equipment for fixing horizontal control points. The presented set has been experimentally tested under laboratory conditions taking its functionality, operation range and applied accuracy into account. The measurement accuracy of the set of tools, resulting from identification of the energetic centres of laser planes’ edges, visualizing the sides of geodetic control networks, is within the range of ±0.02mm - ±0.05mm. There were also discussed exemplary versions of shapes and structures of horizontal geodetic control networks (regular and irregular), which are possible to be fixed with the use of the constructed set of tools.

scholarly journals Functionality and reliability of horizontal control net (Poland)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 668-677
Author(s):  
Bogdan Wolski ◽  
Grzegorz Granek
Keyword(s):  
Process Model ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Control Network ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Destruction Process ◽  
Control Networks ◽  
Geodetic Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Horizontal Control

AbstractHorizontal control networks established with monuments are functional if the conditions related to the number of control points, their density, condition and stability of coordinates are met. For functionality defined in those terms, deterministic accuracy characteristics are of little use. The subject matter discussed herein includes the two key features of geodetic control points, i.e., usability and stability. Due to the varying properties of those variables and the impact of the operating time of the system, there is no alternative to reliability-based approach in developing the functionality model. The measures of functionality and the procedures of data acquisition for developing the model of the control network destruction process have been defined. The solution presented herein is relevant for geodetic practice, providing a standard procedure for defining the time frame and the scope of the control network upgrading. The identified destruction process model optimizes this task assuming critical states expressed by the functionality probability. The applied approach is an example of the reliability theory-based approach typical for engineering. The issue of simulating the destruction process is illustrated with the results of the tests of class 3 control networks conducted in Kielce and Lodz regions in Poland. As a result of the tests, the characteristic properties of the control network destruction process have been identified. It was also shown how the patterns of usability and accuracy of the geodetic control points are relevant on the stage of implementing investment project tasks.

scholarly journals High Accuracy Geodetic Control Point Measurement Using GPS Geodetic With Static Methods

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-89
Author(s):  
Eko Nugroho Julianto ◽  
Ispen Safrel ◽  
Arie Taveriyanto
Keyword(s):  
Control Point ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Measurement Object ◽  
Geodetic Control ◽  
Geometry Measurement ◽  
Measurement Strategies ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Horizontal Control

Abstract. The quality of the coordinates of the points in a generally horizontal control network will be influenced by many factors, such as the system equipment used for measuring / observation, the network geometry, measurement strategies / observation, as well as data processing strategy implemented. Using development of the GPS satellite system, since 1989, the network provision of horizontal control points in Indonesia generally relies on the GPS satellite observations. One way of measuring geodetic control points with high accuracy is using geodetic GPS. Measurement of geodetic control points required as a control in the execution of the work and as a correction coordinate measurement of the position of a measurement object with a high degree of accuracy (± 1 cm). How many measurement methods that can be done. This research conducted measurement using static method. Static surveys are used to determine the coordinates of the control points are relatively distant from each other as well as order accuracy requires relatively higher. The measurement results obtained coordinate data for point 1 is 6 ° 57 '31.92207 "LS; 109 ° 38 '32.25194 "BT; high (ellipsoid) 34 320 m and point 2 is 6 ° 57 '33.59086 "LS; 109 ° 38 '37.87710 "BT; high (ellipsoid) 36 235 m.

Practical Realization of a Reference System for Earth Dynamics by Satellite Methods

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 341-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Anderle ◽  
M. C. Tanenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Reference Frame ◽  
Polar Motion ◽  
Pole Position ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Significant Information ◽  
Crustal Motion ◽  
Average Reference ◽  
Future Data ◽  
Existing Data

AbstractObservations of artificial earth satellites provide a means of establishing an.origin, orientation, scale and control points for a coordinate system. Neither existing data nor future data are likely to provide significant information on the .001 angle between the axis of angular momentum and axis of rotation. Existing data have provided data to about .01 accuracy on the pole position and to possibly a meter on the origin of the system and for control points. The longitude origin is essentially arbitrary. While these accuracies permit acquisition of useful data on tides and polar motion through dynamio analyses, they are inadequate for determination of crustal motion or significant improvement in polar motion. The limitations arise from gravity, drag and radiation forces on the satellites as well as from instrument errors. Improvements in laser equipment and the launch of the dense LAGEOS satellite in an orbit high enough to suppress significant gravity and drag errors will permit determination of crustal motion and more accurate, higher frequency, polar motion. However, the reference frame for the results is likely to be an average reference frame defined by the observing stations, resulting in significant corrections to be determined for effects of changes in station configuration and data losses.

On-farm udder health monitoring

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (02) ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
J. C. van Veersen ◽  
O. Sampimon ◽  
R. G. Olde Riekerink ◽  
T. J. G. Lam
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Health Data ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Udder Health ◽  
Critical Control Points ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Clinical Problems

SummaryIn this article an on-farm monitoring approach on udder health is presented. Monitoring of udder health consists of regular collection and analysis of data and of the regular evaluation of management practices. The ultimate goal is to manage critical control points in udder health management, such as hygiene, body condition, teat ends and treatments, in such a way that results (udder health parameters) are always optimal. Mastitis, however, is a multifactorial disease, and in real life it is not possible to fully prevent all mastitis problems. Therefore udder health data are also monitored with the goal to pick up deviations before they lead to (clinical) problems. By quantifying udder health data and management, a farm is approached as a business, with much attention for efficiency, thought over processes, clear agreements and goals, and including evaluation of processes and results. The whole approach starts with setting SMART (Specific, Measurable, Acceptable, Realistic, Time-bound) goals, followed by an action plan to realize these goals.

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