Urban remote sensing with moving carriers enables comprehensive monitoring of an urban area. High spatial resolution and wide covering are always required to improve the performance and efficiency of remote sensing. Continuous scanning imaging is a feasible solution. However, imaging motion degrades the performance of a remote sensing system. Rotating motion leads to the loss of key urban morphology information of a panorama imaging. Image translation results in blurry images. For high spatial resolution and high efficiency imaging with low illumination condition, such as imaging at dusk, long-focus lens and long integral time must be further utilized, which makes the problem more severe. In this paper, a novel image motion compensation method is proposed to compensate for image rotation and image translation simultaneously. A quantitative description of image motion, including both image rotation and image translation, is first developed based on the principle of geometrical optics and then analyzed in detail through numerical simulations. Furthermore, a comprehensive image rotation compensation method is developed based on four-channel bilateral control with sliding mode controller, at the same time image translation compensation is performed according to the quantitative relationship of the motion of the scan mirror and image translation compensator. The experimental results show that the proposed method provides effective compensation for image rotation and image translation. This enables acquisition of high spatial resolution urban panoramic images.
Long Integral Time Continuous Panorama Scanning Imaging Based on Bilateral Control with Image Motion Compensation