Drum Kit sound localization tests on binaural hearing model with ANN

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Melechovsky ◽  
Jaroslav Bouse ◽  
Frantisek Rund ◽  
Ekaterina Koshkina
Keyword(s):  
Sound Localization ◽  
Binaural Hearing

Benefit of binaural hearing in a multi‐source environment. I. Sound localization.

1996 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 2595-2603
Author(s):  
Ruth Y. Litovsky ◽  
Monica L. Hawley ◽  
Jennifer K. Jones ◽  
Leah B. Dunton ◽  
H. Steven Colburn
Keyword(s):  
Sound Localization ◽  
Binaural Hearing

Nucleus Laminaris

2017 ◽  
pp. 425-436
Author(s):  
Jason Tait Sanchez ◽  
Yuan Wang ◽  
Yong Lu ◽  
R. Michael Burger ◽  
Armin H. Seidl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sound Localization ◽  
Action Potentials ◽  
Binaural Hearing ◽  
Temporal Information ◽  
Nucleus Laminaris ◽  
Neural Architecture ◽  
Specialized Function

This chapter focuses on the microcircuitry of the chicken nucleus laminaris (NL), which is an excellent example of neural architecture exquisitely tailored for its specialized function in sound localization. Neurons in NL are binaural coincidence detectors, encoding temporal information of sound arriving at the two ears by responding maximally when resulting action potentials arrive simultaneously. The text will discuss the important anatomical and physiological specializations of NL that optimize this fundamental ability for binaural hearing in most birds and mammals.

Sound Localization and Binaural Hearing in Children with a Hearing Aid and a Cochlear Implant

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Beijen ◽  
A.F.M. Snik ◽  
L.V. Straatman ◽  
E.A.M. Mylanus ◽  
L.H.M. Mens
Keyword(s):  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
Sound Localization ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Binaural Hearing

scholarly journals Speech‐in‐noise enhancement and sound localization with improved binaural hearing instruments

2008 ◽  
Vol 123 (5) ◽  
pp. 3169-3169
Author(s):  
Jan Wouters ◽  
Simon Doclo ◽  
Marc Moonen ◽  
Tim Van Den Bogaert
Keyword(s):  
Sound Localization ◽  
Binaural Hearing ◽  
Speech In Noise ◽  
Hearing Instruments

Sound Localization Acuity in Children with Unilateral Hearing Loss Who Wear a Hearing Aid in the Impaired Ear

2010 ◽  
Vol 21 (08) ◽  
pp. 522-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patti M. Johnstone ◽  
Anna K. Náblek ◽  
Velma S. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Early Intervention ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Sound Localization ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Binaural Hearing ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Unilateral Hearing Loss ◽  
Older Children

Background: Disrupted binaural hearing is thought to contribute in part to the academic, social, and communication problems often associated with unilateral hearing loss (UHL) in childhood. It is not known, however, if putting a hearing aid in the impaired ear of a child with UHL will lead to bilateral or binaural benefit. This study seeks to utilize sound localization acuity measurements to assess hearing aid amplification efficacy in children with UHL. Purpose: To measure sound localization ability in children with UHL who use a hearing aid in the impaired ear to determine the extent to which amplification, age, early intervention, and degree of hearing loss affects localization acuity. Research Design: A within-subjects experimental design using repeated measures is used to determine the effect of amplification on localization acuity in children with UHL. A between-subjects experimental design is used to compare localization acuity between children with UHL and age-matched controls with normal hearing. Study Sample: Twelve children with UHL who used a hearing aid in the impaired ear and 12 age-matched controls with normal hearing. Children with UHL were divided into two groups based on degree of hearing loss. Children in both groups were divided into two age groups: older children (10–14 yr) and younger children (6–9 yr). Data Collection and Analysis: All testing was done in a sound-treated booth with a horizontal array of 15 loudspeakers (radius of 1 m). The stimulus was a spondee word, “baseball”: the level averaged 60 dB SPL and randomly roved (±8 dB). Each child was asked to identify the location of a sound source. Results: In the experimental study a significant interaction was found between hearing aid amplification and child age. A hearing aid significantly improved localization acuity in younger children with UHL and significantly impaired localization acuity in older children. A significant correlation was found between age at intervention and localization bilateral benefit. Children who were fit earlier showed bilateral benefit whereas children who were fit later showed bilateral interference. Development, however, may play a role in sound localization acuity. When unaided, older children had significantly better localization acuity than younger children with UHL. Conclusions: A hearing aid can provide bilateral localization benefit to some children with UHL. Early intervention may increase the likelihood of bilateral benefit. However, developmental factors appear to play a role in improving localization abilities over time for children with UHL. Nonetheless, without a means of establishing bilateral benefit with hearing aid amplification, localization performance in children with UHL will rarely equal that of peers.

Sound Localization Under Perturbed Binaural Hearing

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 715-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc M. Van Wanrooij ◽  
A. John Van Opstal
Keyword(s):  
Sound Localization ◽  
Sound Source ◽  
Binaural Hearing ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Directional Hearing ◽  
Stimulus Response ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Sound Levels ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Monaural Spectral Cues

This paper reports on the acute effects of a monaural plug on directional hearing in the horizontal (azimuth) and vertical (elevation) planes of human listeners. Sound localization behavior was tested with rapid head-orienting responses toward brief high-pass filtered (>3 kHz; HP) and broadband (0.5–20 kHz; BB) noises, with sound levels between 30 and 60 dB, A-weighted (dBA). To deny listeners any consistent azimuth-related head-shadow cues, stimuli were randomly interleaved. A plug immediately degraded azimuth performance, as evidenced by a sound level–dependent shift (“bias”) of responses contralateral to the plug, and a level-dependent change in the slope of the stimulus–response relation (“gain”). Although the azimuth bias and gain were highly correlated, they could not be predicted from the plug's acoustic attenuation. Interestingly, listeners performed best for low-intensity stimuli at their normal-hearing side. These data demonstrate that listeners rely on monaural spectral cues for sound-source azimuth localization as soon as the binaural difference cues break down. Also the elevation response components were affected by the plug: elevation gain depended on both stimulus azimuth and on sound level and, as for azimuth, localization was best for low-intensity stimuli at the hearing side. Our results show that the neural computation of elevation incorporates a binaural weighting process that relies on the perceived, rather than the actual, sound-source azimuth. It is our conjecture that sound localization ensues from a weighting of all acoustic cues for both azimuth and elevation, in which the weights may be partially determined, and rapidly updated, by the reliability of the particular cue.

Early Binaural Hearing: The Comparison of Temporal Differences at the Two Ears

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 433-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip X. Joris ◽  
Marcel van der Heijden
Keyword(s):  
Sound Localization ◽  
Temporal Processing ◽  
Binaural Hearing ◽  
Model System ◽  
Lateral Superior Olive ◽  
Interaural Time Differences ◽  
Sound Detection ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Made In

Many mammals, including humans, are exquisitely sensitive to tiny time differences between sounds at the two ears. These interaural time differences are an important source of information for sound detection, for sound localization in space, and for environmental awareness. Two brainstem circuits are involved in the initial temporal comparisons between the ears, centered on the medial and lateral superior olive. Cells in these nuclei, as well as their afferents, display a large number of striking physiological and anatomical specializations to enable submillisecond sensitivity. As such, they provide an important model system to study temporal processing in the central nervous system. We review the progress that has been made in characterizing these primary binaural circuits as well as the variety of mechanisms that have been proposed to underlie their function.

Mechanisms of Sound Localization in Mammals

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 983-1012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedikt Grothe ◽  
Michael Pecka ◽  
David McAlpine
Keyword(s):  
Sound Localization ◽  
Basilar Membrane ◽  
Binaural Hearing ◽  
Neural Representation ◽  
Mammalian Brain ◽  
Spatial Cues ◽  
Auditory Space ◽  
Central Neurons ◽  
Neural Representations ◽  
Receptor Organ

The ability to determine the location of a sound source is fundamental to hearing. However, auditory space is not represented in any systematic manner on the basilar membrane of the cochlea, the sensory surface of the receptor organ for hearing. Understanding the means by which sensitivity to spatial cues is computed in central neurons can therefore contribute to our understanding of the basic nature of complex neural representations. We review recent evidence concerning the nature of the neural representation of auditory space in the mammalian brain and elaborate on recent advances in the understanding of mammalian subcortical processing of auditory spatial cues that challenge the “textbook” version of sound localization, in particular brain mechanisms contributing to binaural hearing.

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