In vitro digestibility of green lamina of cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) in relation to water deficit

1997 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 432-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. DUCROCQ ◽  
M. DURU
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L

VARIABILITY OF IN VITRO DIGESTIBILITY AMONG CLONES OF BROMEGRASS AND ORCHARDGRASS

1968 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. R. Christie ◽  
D. N. Mowat
Keyword(s):  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Bromus Inermis ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Phenotypic Characteristics ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Stems And Leaves ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L ◽  
Whole Plants ◽  
Genotypic Effects

Individual clones of bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss) and orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) were harvested at corresponding stages of maturity within each species. The orchardgrass clones were harvested in 1962, and the in vitro digestibility (IVD) was based on the whole plant. Bromegrass clones, harvested in 1965 and 1966, were separated into leaves and stems. The IVD of each component was determined, and from these, the IVD for the whole plant was estimated.Among 444 orchardgrass clones, IVD values ranged from 49 to 68%. Most of the variation was attributed to genotypic effects. For approximately 250 clones of bromegrass, IVD values ranged from 66 to 75%, 58 to 73%, and 62 to 74%, for leaves, stems, and whole plants respectively. Over the 2-year period, differences among stems and whole plants were significant. Correlations between leaf and stem digestibilities were significant but of low magnitude. Ten clones of bromegrass had stems and leaves of equal digestibility.In bromegrass, IVD values showed no relationship to several phenotypic characteristics.

The in vitro digestibility of parents and hybrids of cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.)

1968 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 373 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Knight ◽  
NG Yates
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Growth Rhythm ◽  
In Vitro Technique ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L

The digestibility of a range of genotypes of cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) and their hybrids was estimated by an in vitro technique at eight harvests over a period of 14 months. The material for analysis was grown in a Mediterranean type environment with summer irrigation and obtained by recurrent defoliation of sward plots. Digestibility values tended to be lower in summer than in winter, although some material showed a fall in digestibility in the middle of winter. Within a harvest there were correlations between general combining ability and parental performance, but there was little uniformity in ranking of parents or their progenies from one harvest to the next, which would make selection for uniform high digestibility very difficult. Reasons for the fluctuations are not known, and were not obviously correlated with any aspect of the growth rhythm apart from a correlation with heading on one harvest occasion.

EFFECTIVENESS OF ONE CYCLE OF PHENOTYPIC SELECTION FOR IN VITRO DIGESTIBILITY IN BROMEGRASS AND ORCHARD GRASS

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. R. CHRISTIE
Keyword(s):  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Phenotypic Selection ◽  
Bromus Inermis ◽  
The Other ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Orchard Grass ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L

Twenty-seven topcross and nine polycross progenies of bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss) were evaluated for in vitro digestibility (IVD) and yield. Two groups of polycross progenies of orchard grass (Dactylis glomerata L.) were also evaluated. Bromegrass plants varied in IVD from 58 to 70%, while their topcross progenies varied from 58.2 to 64.6%. The correlation between parents and progeny was 0.55. Selection for high IVD did not result in any improvement over cv. Saratoga. One group of 10 orchard grass plants was high in IVD (62–66%), while the other was low (50–58%). The polycross progenies of these two groups were similar (68.2% vs. 68.5%). Selection for IVD was not effective in altering progeny IVD values.

RESPONSE OF ORCHARD GRASS TO MULTIPLE HARVESTS AND RATES OF NITROGEN IN POST-SEEDING YEARS

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 763-770
Author(s):  
H. T. KUNELIUS ◽  
MICHIO SUZUKI
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Total N ◽  
Orchard Grass ◽  
Nitrate N ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L ◽  
N Rates

Frode orchard grass (Dactylis glomerata L.) was fertilized with 99–495 kg N/ha/yr in three equal applications and harvested three or four times per season over a 3-yr period to determine the productivity, quality of forage and persistence of stands. The application of N resulted in significant (P =.001) linear and quadratic increases in dry matter (DM) yields. Higher DM yields were obtained with the 3-harvest system while the yield distribution within the season was more uniform for the 4-harvest system. Total N concentrations of orchard grass increased linearly with the N rates. Total N yields were dependent on the rates of applied N with the recovery of applied N ranging from 39 to 70% at 99–297 kg N/ha/yr, respectively. The in vitro disappearance of DM was slightly reduced by the high N rates in the 1st and 2nd harvests. The nitrate-N concentrations were highest in the early and late summer ranging from.11 to.29% at 297–495 kg N/ha/yr, respectively. The persistence of orchard grass was better under the 4- than the 3- harvest system.

PERFORMANCE OF HYBRIDS IN ORCHARD GRASS

1973 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 783-789 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. R. CHRISTIE
Keyword(s):  
Forage Yield ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Orchard Grass ◽  
Hybrid Superiority ◽  
Single Cross ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L ◽  
Single Cross Hybrids

Single-cross hybrids of orchard grass (Dactylis glomerata L.) were evaluated for yield, in vitro digestibility (IVD), and relative maturity in three trials. All trials were planted broadcast, using seed produced on male-sterile clones. All trials were harvested for 2 yr. The average yield of the 48 hybrids tested was 98% of that for the cultivar Frode in the first cut each year, and 103% over the season. The most productive hybrid produced 28% more forage than Frode in the first cut, and 15% more over the season. For IVD, there was no evidence of hybrid superiority. The results indicate that the use of hybrids can result in an increase in forage yield.

SEEDING YEAR YIELDS AND QUALITY OF ORCHARD GRASS AS INFLUENCED BY N RATES AND HARVEST SYSTEMS

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-431
Author(s):  
H. T. KUNELIUS ◽  
MICHIO SUZUKI
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Total N ◽  
Orchard Grass ◽  
Application Systems ◽  
Nitrate N ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L ◽  
N Rates

Frode orchard grass (Dactylis glomerata L.) was seeded at 20 kg/ha without a companion crop in 1971 and 1972. Nitrogen was applied at 37–185 kg/ha at seeding and after the first harvest, and the stands were subjected to three harvest systems. Total dry matter (DM) yields increased up to 74 kg N/ha/application. Systems with the latest first harvest and longest regrowth intervals produced highest DM yields. Early seeding was important for the production of high DM yields. Late fall harvest in October resulted in poor winter survival. The total N concentrations of orchard grass ranged from 2.58 to 4.40%, with small or no increases beyond 111 kg N/ha/application. In vitro disappearance of DM was not affected by N rates but varied from 60.7 to 69.8% with the highest readings for the early or short regrowth interval harvests. Nitrate-N concentrations of orchard grass were < 0.15% at 37 kg N/ha/application. At or above 74 kg N/ha/application, nitrate-N usually exceeded 0.15% level which might be potentially toxic to livestock consuming the forage.

Anticytokinin effects on in vitro response of embryogenic and nonembryogenic genotypes of Dactylis glomerata L.

1995 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Somleva ◽  
V. Kapchina ◽  
V. Alexieva ◽  
E. Golovinsky
Keyword(s):  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
In Vitro Response ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L

IN VITRO DIGESTIBILITY OF FORAGE SPECIES AS AFFECTED BY FERTILIZER APPLICATION, STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT AND HARVEST DATES

1968 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. W. Calder ◽  
L. B. MacLeod
Keyword(s):  
Single Species ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Potassium Fertilizer ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Harvest Dates ◽  
Forage Species ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L

In vitro digestibility (IVD) and yield of digestible dry matter (DDM) was determined on four forage species; Saratoga bromegrass (Bromus inermis L.), Frode orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.), Climax timothy (Phleum pratense L.) and DuPuits alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) grown as single species over a 2-year period. Nitrogen and potassium fertilizer in various combinations and rates were applied to these forage species. Two cuttings per season of the various species were harvested. Fertilization with nitrogen and potassium did not affect IVD of grasses at any of the rates applied. The IVD of alfalfa was increased by potassium fertilization, while DDM yield was increased by both nitrogen and potassium fertilization.Each forage species was also harvested at 4-day intervals throughout the season to determine effect of advancing maturity on digestibility. The IVD of the first harvest of forage early in June averaged 77% for the four species, but by late July it had dropped to 58%. Of the four species tested, the IVD of orchardgrass decreased most rapidly while that of bromegrass decreased most slowly.

scholarly journals Rendimiento y calidad de forraje del pasto ovillo (Dactylis glomerata L.) al variar la frecuencia e intensidad de pastoreo

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Armando Villareal González ◽  
Alfonso Hernández Garay ◽  
Pedro Arturo Martínez Hernández ◽  
Juan De Dios Guerrero Rodríguez ◽  
María Eugenia Velasco Zebadúa
Keyword(s):  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L

El objetivo fue determinar el rendimiento y calidad del pasto ovillo (Dactylis glomerata L.), al variar la frecuencia e intensidad de pastoreo. Se evaluaron tres frecuencias (2, 3 y 4 semanas en primavera y verano y 4, 5 y 6 semanas durante otoño) y dos intensidades de pastoreo (severa: 3 a 5 cm y ligera: 6 a 8 cm de altura de forraje residual). Se evaluó el rendimiento de forraje, tasa de acumulación neta de forraje (TANF), composición morfológica y calidad del forraje. El mayor rendimiento acumulado y TANF se presentaron con pastoreo severo cada 4 y 6 semanas y en ambas intensidades cada 3 y 5 semanas. El mayor rendimiento estacional (7,844; 7,699; 7114 kg MS ha-1) se presentó en verano en las mismas frecuencias e intensidades de pastoreo, respectivamente (P<0.05). Durante primavera no se observaron diferencias en rendimiento y TANF entre frecuencias de pastoreo. En otoño la frecuencia de 5 semanas superó a la de 4 (P<0.05), pero no diferente a la de 6 semanas. En todas las estaciones del año la intensidad de pastoreo severo superó a la ligera, siendo diferentes en primavera y verano (P<0.05). En general, el contenido de proteína total y digestibilidad in vitro de la materia seca tendieron a disminuir conforme aumentó el intervalo de pastoreo, siendo en promedio de 20 y 65 %, respectivamente. Se concluye que para obtener el mayor rendimiento y calidad de forraje, los pastoreos deben realizarse cada 4 semanas durante primavera-verano y cada 5 semanas en otoño, a una intensidad severa.

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