In vitro comparison of the cytotoxicity of twelve endodontic materials using a new technique

1990 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 203-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. MERYON ◽  
A. M. BROOK
Keyword(s):  
New Technique ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
In Vitro Comparison

A New Technique for the Three-Dimensional Study of the Spine In Vitro and In Vivo by Using a Motion-Analysis System

1997 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 329???338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue-Cheng Liu ◽  
Guy Fabry ◽  
Luc Labey ◽  
Luc Van Den Berghe ◽  
Remi Van Audekercke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motion Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
New Technique ◽  
Motion Analysis System ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
Analysis System

A NEW TECHNIQUE FOR COMPENSATING THE SOFT TISSUE ARTEFACT AT THE UPPER-ARM: IN VITRO VALIDATION

2005 ◽  
Vol 05 (02) ◽  
pp. 333-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDREA GIOVANNI CUTTI ◽  
ANGELO CAPPELLO ◽  
ANGELO DAVALLI
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Mean Squared Error ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Axial Rotation ◽  
New Technique ◽  
Future Application ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
A New Technique

Soft tissue artefact is the dominant source of error in human movement analysis whenever this is carried out using systems based on skin-mounted markers. At the upper-arm, the most corrupted measure is the humerus internal-external rotation: the aim of this work is to propose a new technique for compensating the artefact affecting this measure. The technique is based on the definition of a humerus bone-embedded frame (H2) almost "artefact free" but influenced by the elbow orientation in the measurement of the humeral axial rotation, and on an algorithm designed to solve this kinematic coupling. The algorithm was tested in vitro correcting H2 distortions during different tasks imposed to a mechanical model of the upper-limb; in the most general case of a motion involving all the degrees of freedom of shoulder and elbow, the application of the algorithm reduced the root mean squared error between the known and the measured axial rotation from 8.60° to just 0.12°. By means of the algorithm, therefore, H2 becomes a reliable humerus reference system and its future application for in vivo artefact compensation appears promising.

A new technique for measuring water transport across the seawater eel intestine

1986 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 257-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ando ◽  
H. Sasaki ◽  
K. C. Huang
Keyword(s):  
Water Flux ◽  
Experimental System ◽  
New Technique ◽  
Perfusion Method ◽  
Marker Substances ◽  
Perfusate Flow ◽  
The Difference ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
Net Water Flux

A new technique was developed for measuring net water flux across the eel intestine in vitro. The new perfusion method was suitable for long duration experiments because of continuous oxygen supply to both the external and the perfusion medium. Net water flux was calculated directly from the difference between the rates of effluent and perfusate flow without measuring the concentration of marker substances. The calculated value of net flux appears to be reliable because: its direction is always from mucosa to serosa in both everted and non-everted intestine; ouabain diminishes it to zero; it is identical with the standard water flux obtained under zero perfusion; and it is identical with the value obtained by means of [14C]PEG following the previous perfusion method. The net water fluxes obtained by the new method were steadier than those obtained with the previous complicated perfusion method. In this new experimental system, the net water flux and the transepithelial potential difference (PD) decreased gradually with time, and were not restored by application of adrenergic agonists or cortisol. These parameters were stimulated by 5 mmol l-1 L-alanine, but not by D-glucose, L-valine or L-glycine, indicating a specific action of L-alanine.

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