Blood flow in skin, subcutaneous adipose tissue and skeletal muscle in the forearm of normal man during an oral glucose load

1987 ◽  
Vol 130 (4) ◽  
pp. 657-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. BULOW ◽  
A. ASTRUP ◽  
N. J. CHRISTENSEN ◽  
J. KASTRUP
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Load ◽  
Glucose Load ◽  
Normal Man ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

scholarly journals Total Forearm Blood Flow as an Indicator of Skeletal Muscle Blood Flow: Effect of Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Blood Flow

1994 ◽  
Vol 87 (5) ◽  
pp. 559-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. E. Blaak ◽  
M. A. van Baak ◽  
G. J. Kemerink ◽  
M. T. W. Pakbiers ◽  
G. A. K. Heidendal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Forearm Blood Flow ◽  
Muscle Blood Flow ◽  
Tissue Blood Flow ◽  
Adipose Tissue Blood Flow ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

1. In studying forearm skeletal muscle substrate exchange, an often applied method for estimating skeletal muscle blood flow is strain gauge plethysmography. A disadvantage of this method is that it only measures total blood flow through a segment of forearm and not the flow through the individual parts such as skin, adipose tissue and muscle. 2. In the present study the contribution of forearm subcutaneous adipose tissue blood flow to total forearm blood flow was evaluated in lean (% body fat 17.0 ± 2.2) and obese males (% body fat 30.9 ± 1.6) during rest and during infusion of the non-selective β-agonist isoprenaline. Measurements were obtained of body composition (hydrostatic weighing), forearm composition (magnetic resonance imaging) and of total forearm (venous occlusion plethysmography), skin (skin blood flow, laser Doppler), and subcutaneous adipose tissue blood flow (133Xe washout technique). 3. The absolute forearm area and the relative amount of fat (% of forearm area) were significantly higher in obese as compared to lean subjects, whereas the relative amounts of muscle and skin were similar. 4. During rest, the percentage contribution of adipose tissue blood flow to total forearm blood flow was significantly higher in lean compared with obese subjects (19 vs 12%, P < 0.05), whereas there were no differences in percentage contribution between both groups during isoprenaline infusion (10 vs 13%). Furthermore, the contribution of adipose tissue blood flow to total forearm blood flow was significantly lower during isoprenaline infusion than during rest in lean subjects (P < 0.05), whereas in the obese this value was similar during rest and during isoprenaline infusion. 5. In conclusion, although the overall contribution of adipose tissue blood flow to total forearm blood flow seems to be relatively small, the significance of this contribution may vary with degree of adiposity. Calculations on the contribution of adipose tissue blood flow and SBF to total forearm blood flow indicate that the contribution of non-muscular flow to total forearm blood flow may be of considerable importance and may amount in lean subjects to 35–50% of total forearm blood flow in the resting state.

Lipolysis and Lactate Production in Human Skeletal Muscle and Adipose Tissue following Glucose Ingestion

1998 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniëlle A. J. M. Kerckhoffs ◽  
Peter Arner ◽  
Jan Bolinder
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Muscle Blood Flow ◽  
Lactate Production ◽  
Tissue Blood Flow ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Glucose Load ◽  
Carbohydrate Ingestion ◽  
Glucose Ingestion

1. Using microdialysis, we compared lipolysis, as well as the production of lactate, in human adipose tissue and muscle after the ingestion of carbohydrate. 2. The absolute concentrations of glycerol and lactate were measured in subcutaneous adipose tissue, skeletal muscle and arterialized venous blood in eight normal subjects during basal conditions and 4 h after a 75 g oral glucose load. Nutritive blood flow in muscle and adipose tissue was monitored simultaneously with the microdialysis ethanol clearance technique. 3. At baseline, the concentrations of glycerol in adipose tissue and in muscle were about 7 times and about 2.5 times higher respectively than those in plasma. After glucose ingestion, the changes in glycerol concentrations differed significantly between the three compartments (P < 0.0001). In plasma and adipose tissue, the concentrations decreased rapidly and markedly, but returned to baseline levels after 4 h. In muscle, the decrease in glycerol was less pronounced and more protracted. 4. At baseline, the concentrations of lactate in muscle and in adipose tissue were about 3 times and about 1.5 times higher respectively than those in plasma. After the ingestion of glucose, the levels increased transiently in similar ways in muscle, adipose tissue and plasma. The differences in absolute lactate concentrations between the three compartments were maintained after the glucose load (P < 0.001). 5. Adipose tissue blood flow increased transiently after glucose ingestion, whereas muscle blood flow remained unchanged. 6. Both muscle and adipose tissue are a source of glycerol and lactate release during basal conditions and after glucose ingestion. The regulation of lactate production, but not of lipolysis, after carbohydrate ingestion is similar in the two tissues.

METABOLISM IN ADIPOSE TISSUE AND MUSCLE OF THE YOUNG PIG

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. ADEOLA ◽  
B. W. McBRIDE ◽  
R. O. BALL ◽  
L. G. YOUNG
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Adenosine Deaminase ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Muscle Metabolism ◽  
Acetate Incorporation ◽  
Glycerol Release ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Subcutaneous adipose tissue and intercostal and sartorius muscles from five barrows and five gilts at 20 kg liveweight were used to study lipogenesis, lipolysis, Na+, K+-ATPase-dependent respiration and protein synthesis. Lipogenesis rate measured by 14C-acetate incorporation into lipid was similar between barrows and gilts; and 100 μg insulin per mL enhanced (P < 0.1) subcutaneous adipose tissue lipogenesis by 74%. Lipolysis rate quantitated by glycerol release was similar between barrows and gilts (3546 and 4160 nmol g−1 2 h−1). Adenosine deaminase and norepinephrine together enhanced adipose tissue lipolytic response by 102%. Fractional and absolute rates of protein synthesis were similar between barrows and gilts (3.24 and 3.69% d−1; 6.01 and 6.06 mg g−1 d−1); and between intercostal and sartorius muscles. Barrows had lower Na+, K+-ATPase-dependent respiration than gilts and the maintenance of Na+ and K+ transmembrane ionic gradient in the muscle preparations accounted for 23–26% of total respiration. Key words: Pigs, adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, metabolism

Thermogenic response to epinephrine in the forearm and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue

1992 ◽  
Vol 263 (5) ◽  
pp. E850-E855 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Simonsen ◽  
J. Bulow ◽  
J. Madsen ◽  
N. J. Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Epinephrine Infusion ◽  
Basal Period ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Whole body energy expenditure, thermogenic and metabolic changes in the forearm, and intercellular glucose concentrations in subcutaneous adipose tissue on the abdomen determined by microdialysis were measured during epinephrine infusion in healthy subjects. After a control period, epinephrine was infused at rates of 0.2 and 0.4 nmol.kg-1 x min-1. Whole body resting energy expenditure was 4.36 +/- 0.56 (SD) kJ/min. Energy expenditure increased to 5.14 +/- 0.74 and 5.46 +/- 0.79 kJ/min, respectively (P < 0.001), during the epinephrine infusions. Respiratory exchange ratio was 0.80 +/- 0.04 in the resting state and did not change. Local forearm oxygen uptake was 3.9 +/- 1.3 mumol.100 g-1 x min-1 in the basal period. During epinephrine infusion, it increased to 5.8 +/- 2.1 (P < 0.03) and 7.5 +/- 2.3 mumol.100 g-1 x min-1 (P < 0.001). Local forearm glucose uptake was 0.160 +/- 0.105 mumol.100 g-1 x min-1 and increased to 0.586 +/- 0.445 and 0.760 +/- 0.534 mumol.100 g-1 x min-1 (P < 0.025). The intercellular glucose concentration in the subcutaneous adipose tissue on the abdomen was equal to the arterial concentration in the basal period but did not increase as much during infusion of epinephrine, indicating glucose uptake in adipose tissue in this condition. If it is assumed that forearm skeletal muscle is representative for the average skeletal muscle, it can be calculated that on average 40% of the enhanced whole body oxygen uptake induced by infusion of epinephrine is taking place in skeletal muscle. It is proposed that adipose tissue may contribute to epinephrine-induced thermogenesis.

scholarly journals Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Interstitial Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue and Skeletal Muscle Reflects Excursions in Cerebral Cortex

Diabetes ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 1635-1639 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Nielsen ◽  
C. B. Djurhuus ◽  
C. H. Gravholt ◽  
A. C. Carus ◽  
J. Granild-Jensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Continuous Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Effect of training on epinephrine-stimulated lipolysis determined by microdialysis in human adipose tissue

1995 ◽  
Vol 269 (6) ◽  
pp. E1059-E1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Stallknecht ◽  
L. Simonsen ◽  
J. Bulow ◽  
J. Vinten ◽  
H. Galbo
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Physical Work ◽  
Tissue Blood Flow ◽  
Epinephrine Infusion ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Adipose Tissue Blood Flow ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Trained humans (Tr) have a higher fat oxidation during submaximal physical work than sedentary humans (Sed). To investigate whether this reflects a higher adipose tissue lipolytic sensitivity to catecholamines, we infused epinephrine (0.3 nmol.kg-1.min-1) for 65 min in six athletes and six sedentary young men. Glycerol was measured in arterial blood, and intercellular glycerol concentrations in abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue were measured by microdialysis. Adipose tissue blood flow was measured by 133Xe-washout technique. From these measurements adipose tissue lipolysis was calculated. During epinephrine infusion intercellular glycerol concentrations were lower, but adipose tissue blood flow was higher in trained compared with sedentary subjects (P < 0.05). Glycerol output from subcutaneous tissue (Tr: 604 +/- 322 nmol.100 g-1.min-1; Sed: 689 +/- 203; mean +/- SD) as well as arterial glycerol concentrations (Tr: 129 +/- 36 microM; Sed: 119 +/- 56) did not differ between groups. It is concluded that in intact subcutaneous adipose tissue epinephrine-stimulated blood flow is enhanced, whereas lipolytic sensitivity to epinephrine is the same in trained compared with untrained subjects.

Effect of hand heating by a warm air box on O2 consumption of the contralateral arm

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 2364-2368 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. E. Blaak ◽  
M. A. Van Baak ◽  
K. P. Kempen ◽  
W. H. Saris
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Skin Temperature ◽  
Forearm Blood Flow ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Glucose Load ◽  
Glucose Intake ◽  
Integrated Response

Arterialization of venous blood is often used in studying forearm metabolism. Astrup et al. [Am. J. Physiol. 255 (Endocrinol. Metab. 18): E572-E578, 1988] showed that heating of the hand by a warming blanket caused a redistribution of blood flow in the contralateral arm and thus introduced errors in forearm skeletal muscle flux calculations. The present study was undertaken to investigate how hand heating by a warm air box (60 degrees C) would affect metabolism and blood flow in the contralateral arm before and during 3 h after a glucose load. Eleven healthy volunteers (5 males, 6 females) underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (70 g) on two different occasions, one test with and one without heating of the contralateral hand, in random order. Heating the hand for 30 min before glucose intake did not affect skin temperature, rectal temperature, deep venous oxygen saturation, forearm blood flow, or oxygen consumption of forearm skeletal muscle. Although, after the glucose load, heating significantly increased forearm blood flow (P less than 0.05), the integrated response after glucose was not significantly different between control and heating experiments [67 +/- 43 and 117 +/- 41 (SE) ml/100 ml tissue]. With both conditions, there was an increase in skin temperature (P less than 0.001, integrated response control: 369 +/- 79 and heating: 416 +/- 203 degrees C) and oxygen consumption of forearm muscle (control: 290 +/- 73, P less than 0.05 and heating: 390 +/- 130 mumol/100 ml, P less than 0.05) after glucose intake. These responses did not significantly differ between the conditions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document