More than multiple introductions: Multiple taxa contribute to the genesis of the invasive California's wild artichoke thistle

Abstract Background Invasive species are increasingly driving biodiversity decline, and knowledge of colonization dynamics, including both drivers and dispersal modes, are important to prevent future invasions. The bee species Megachile sculpturalis (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae), native to East-Asia, was first recognized in Southeast-France in 2008, and has since spread throughout much of Europe. The spread is very fast, and colonization may result from multiple fronts. Result To track the history of this invasion, codominant markers were genotyped using Illumina sequencing and the invasion history and degree of connectivity between populations across the European invasion axis were investigated. Distinctive genetic clusters were detected with east–west differentiations in Middle-Europe. Conclusion We hypothesize that the observed cluster formation resulted from multiple, independent introductions of the species to the European continent. This study draws a first picture of an early invasion stage of this wild bee and forms a foundation for further investigations, including studies of the species in their native Asian range and in the invaded range in North America.

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Genomic Analysis of Avian Infectious Bronchitis Viruses Recently Isolated in South Korea Reveals Multiple Introductions of GI-19 Lineage (QX Genotype)

Viruses ◽

10.3390/v13061045 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 1045

Author(s):

Hyuk-Chae Lee ◽

Sol Jeong ◽

Andrew Y. Cho ◽

Kyu-Jik Kim ◽

Jun-Young Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

South Korea ◽

Infectious Bronchitis Virus ◽

Economic Burden ◽

Genomic Analysis ◽

Multiple Introductions ◽

Infectious Bronchitis ◽

South Korean ◽

Phylogeographic Analysis ◽

The Past

Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) was first identified in the 1930s and it imposes a major economic burden on the poultry industry. In particular, GI-19 lineage has spread globally and has evolved constantly since it was first detected in China. In this study, we analyzed S1 gene sequences from 60 IBVs isolated in South Korea. Two IBV lineages, GI-15 and GI-19, were identified in South Korea. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that there were six distinct subgroups (KM91-like, K40/09-like, and QX-like I to IV) of the South Korean GI-19 IBVs. Among them, QX-type III and IV subgroups, which are phylogenetically different from those reported in South Korea in the past, accounted for more than half of the total. Moreover, the phylogeographic analysis of the QX-like subgroups indicated at least four distinct introductions of GI-19 IBVs into South Korea during 2001–2020. The efficacy of commercialized vaccines against the recently introduced QX-like subgroups should be verified, and continuous international surveillance efforts and quarantine procedures should be enhanced to prevent the incursion of viruses.

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High Genetic Variance in Life-History Strategies within Invasive Populations by Way of Multiple Introductions

Current Biology ◽

10.1016/j.cub.2008.01.063 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 18 (5) ◽

pp. 363-367 ◽

Cited By ~ 179

Author(s):

Benoît Facon ◽

Jean-Pierre Pointier ◽

Philippe Jarne ◽

Violette Sarda ◽

Patrice David

Keyword(s):

Life History ◽

Genetic Variance ◽

Life History Strategies ◽

Multiple Introductions

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Multiple introductions and recombination in C ryphonectria hypovirus 1 : perspective for a sustainable biological control of chestnut blight

Evolutionary Applications ◽

10.1111/eva.12157 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 7 (5) ◽

pp. 580-596 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Nicolas Feau ◽

Cyril Dutech ◽

Jérémie Brusini ◽

Daniel Rigling ◽

Cécile Robin

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Chestnut Blight ◽

Multiple Introductions

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Genetic Diversity and Potential Vectors and Reservoirs of Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus in Southeastern Spain

Phytopathology ◽

10.1094/phyto-11-12-0280-r ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 103 (11) ◽

pp. 1188-1197 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Mona A. Kassem ◽

Miguel Juarez ◽

Pedro Gómez ◽

Carmen M. Mengual ◽

Raquel N. Sempere ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Aphis Gossypii ◽

Purifying Selection ◽

Aphid Species ◽

Open Reading Frames ◽

Weed Species ◽

Nucleotide Substitutions ◽

Multiple Introductions ◽

Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽

Southeastern Spain

The genetic variability of a Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus (CABYV) (genus Polerovirus, family Luteoviridae) population was evaluated by determining the nucleotide sequences of two genomic regions of CABYV isolates collected in open-field melon and squash crops during three consecutive years in Murcia (southeastern Spain). A phylogenetic analysis showed the existence of two major clades. The sequences did not cluster according to host, year, or locality of collection, and nucleotide similarities among isolates were 97 to 100 and 94 to 97% within and between clades, respectively. The ratio of nonsynonymous to synonymous nucleotide substitutions reflected that all open reading frames have been under purifying selection. Estimates of the population's genetic diversity were of the same magnitude as those previously reported for other plant virus populations sampled at larger spatial and temporal scales, suggesting either the presence of CABYV in the surveyed area long before it was first described, multiple introductions, or a particularly rapid diversification. We also determined the full-length sequences of three isolates, identifying the occurrence and location of recombination events along the CABYV genome. Furthermore, our field surveys indicated that Aphis gossypii was the major vector species of CABYV and the most abundant aphid species colonizing melon fields in the Murcia (Spain) region. Our surveys also suggested the importance of the weed species Ecballium elaterium as an alternative host and potential virus reservoir.

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Multiple introductions boosted genetic diversity in the invasive range of black cherry (Prunus serotina; Rosaceae)

Annals of Botany ◽

10.1093/aob/mcq065 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 105 (6) ◽

pp. 881-890 ◽

Cited By ~ 51

Author(s):

Marie Pairon ◽

Blaise Petitpierre ◽

Michael Campbell ◽

Antoine Guisan ◽

Olivier Broennimann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Prunus Serotina ◽

Black Cherry ◽

Invasive Range ◽

Multiple Introductions

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Prevalence and genetic diversity of viruses associated with rugose wood complex in Greek vineyards

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-02-21-0266-re ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Chrysoula Orfanidou ◽

Kalliopi Moraki ◽

Polina Panailidou ◽

Leonidas Lotos ◽

Asimina T Katsiani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Trees ◽

First Record ◽

Grapevine Virus ◽

Multiple Introductions ◽

Worldwide Distribution ◽

Grapevine Virus A ◽

Transmission Modes ◽

Virus Incidence ◽

Grapevine Virus B ◽

Rupestris Stem Pitting

Rugose wood is one of the most important disease syndromes of grapevine and it has been associated with at least three viruses: grapevine rupestris stem pitting associated virus (GRSPaV), grapevine virus A (GVA) and grapevine virus B (GVB). All three viruses show a worldwide distribution pattern, and their genetic composition has been the focus of extensive research over the past years. Despite their first record in Greece almost 20 years ago, there is a lack of knowledge on the distribution and genetic variability of their populations in Greek vineyards. In this context, we investigated the distribution of GRSPaV, GVA and GVB in rootstocks, self-rooted and grafted grapevine cultivars, originating from different geographic regions that are representing important viticultural areas of Greece. Three new RT-PCR assays were developed for the reliable detection of GRSPaV, GVA and GVB. Our results indicated that GVA is the most prevalent in Greek vineyards, followed by GRSPaV and GVB. However, virus incidence differed among self-rooted and grafted grapevine cultivars or rootstocks tested. Selected isolates from each virus were further molecularly characterized to determine their phylogenetic relationships. All three viruses exhibited high nucleotide diversity, which was depicted in the constructed phylogenetic trees. Isolates from Greece were placed in various phylogroups, reinforcing the scenario of multiple introductions of GVA, GVB and GRSPaV in Greece and highlighting the effect of different transmission modes in the evolutionary course of the three viruses.

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The history of introduction of the African baobab ( Adansonia digitata , Malvaceae: Bombacoideae) in the Indian subcontinent

Royal Society Open Science ◽

10.1098/rsos.150370 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 (9) ◽

pp. 150370 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Karen L. Bell ◽

Haripriya Rangan ◽

Christian A. Kull ◽

Daniel J. Murphy

Keyword(s):

West Africa ◽

Indian Subcontinent ◽

Central India ◽

Adansonia Digitata ◽

Multiple Introductions ◽

Human Interactions ◽

Time Period ◽

History Of ◽

Genetic Clusters ◽

Southeast India

To investigate the pathways of introduction of the African baobab, Adansonia digitata , to the Indian subcontinent, we examined 10 microsatellite loci in individuals from Africa, India, the Mascarenes and Malaysia, and matched this with historical evidence of human interactions between source and destination regions. Genetic analysis showed broad congruence of African clusters with biogeographic regions except along the Zambezi (Mozambique) and Kilwa (Tanzania), where populations included a mixture of individuals assigned to at least two different clusters. Individuals from West Africa, the Mascarenes, southeast India and Malaysia shared a cluster. Baobabs from western and central India clustered separately from Africa. Genetic diversity was lower in populations from the Indian subcontinent than in African populations, but the former contained private alleles. Phylogenetic analysis showed Indian populations were closest to those from the Mombasa-Dar es Salaam coast. The genetic results provide evidence of multiple introductions of African baobabs to the Indian subcontinent over a longer time period than previously assumed. Individuals belonging to different genetic clusters in Zambezi and Kilwa may reflect the history of trafficking captives from inland areas to supply the slave trade between the fifteenth and nineteenth centuries. Baobabs in the Mascarenes, southeast India and Malaysia indicate introduction from West Africa through eighteenth and nineteenth century European colonial networks.

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