Collateral consequences of agricultural fungicides on pathogenic yeasts: a One Health perspective to tackle azole resistance

Aspergillosis, Avian Species and the One Health Perspective: The Possible Importance of Birds in Azole Resistance

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms8122037 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. 2037

Author(s):

Aryse Martins Melo ◽

David A. Stevens ◽

Lisa A. Tell ◽

Cristina Veríssimo ◽

Raquel Sabino ◽

...

Keyword(s):

One Health ◽

Plant Pathogens ◽

Bird Species ◽

Sensu Stricto ◽

Urban Environments ◽

Avian Species ◽

Azole Resistance ◽

Natural Environments ◽

Long Distance ◽

The One

The One Health context considers health based on three pillars: humans, animals, and environment. This approach is a strong ally in the surveillance of infectious diseases and in the development of prevention strategies. Aspergillus spp. are fungi that fit substantially in this context, in view of their ubiquity, as well as their importance as plant pathogens, and potentially fatal pathogens for, particularly, humans and avian species. In addition, the emergence of azole resistance, mainly in Aspergillus fumigatus sensu stricto, and the proven role of fungicides widely used on crops, reinforces the need for a multidisciplinary approach to this problem. Avian species are involved in short and long distance travel between different types of landscapes, such as agricultural fields, natural environments and urban environments. Thus, birds can play an important role in the dispersion of Aspergillus, and of special concern, azole-resistant strains. In addition, some bird species are particularly susceptible to aspergillosis. Therefore, avian aspergillosis could be considered as an environmental health indicator. In this review, aspergillosis in humans and birds will be discussed, with focus on the presence of Aspergillus in the environment. We will relate these issues with the emergence of azole resistance on Aspergillus. These topics will be therefore considered and reviewed from the “One Health” perspective.

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The one health problem of azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus: current insights and future research agenda

Fungal Biology Reviews ◽

10.1016/j.fbr.2020.10.003 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 34 (4) ◽

pp. 202-214 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Paul E. Verweij ◽

John A. Lucas ◽

Maiken C. Arendrup ◽

Paul Bowyer ◽

Arjen J.F. Brinkmann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽

Health Problem ◽

Research Agenda ◽

One Health ◽

Future Research ◽

Azole Resistance ◽

Future Research Agenda ◽

The One

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Azole resistance in Candida from animals calls for the One Health approach to tackle the emergence of antimicrobial resistance

Medical Mycology ◽

10.1093/mmy/myz135 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 58 (7) ◽

pp. 896-905 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Débora de Souza Collares Maia Castelo-Branco ◽

Manoel de Araújo Neto Paiva ◽

Carlos Eduardo Cordeiro Teixeira ◽

Érica Pacheco Caetano ◽

Gláucia Morgana de Melo Guedes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

One Health ◽

Efflux Pump ◽

Environmental Drivers ◽

Azole Resistance ◽

Inhibition Assay ◽

Wild Type ◽

Candida Spp ◽

Efflux Pump Inhibition ◽

The One ◽

Animal Isolates

Abstract This study initially aimed at investigating the occurrence of azole resistance among Candida spp. from animals and analyzing the involvement of efflux pumps in the resistance phenomenon. Then, the dynamics of antifungal resistance was assessed, by comparing the antifungal epidemiological cutoff values (ECVs) against C. albicans and C. tropicalis from humans and animals. Fifty azole-resistant isolates (24 C. albicans, 24 C. tropicalis; 2 C. parapsilosis sensu lato) were submitted to the efflux pump inhibition assay with promethazine and significant MIC reductions were observed for fluconazole (2 to 250-fold) and itraconazole (16 to 4000-fold). Then, the antifungal ECVs against C. albicans and C. tropicalis from human and animal isolates were compared. Fluconazole, itraconazole and voriconazole ECVs against human isolates were lower than those against animal isolates. Based on the antifungal ECVs against human isolates, only 33.73%, 50.39% and 63.53% of C. albicans and 52.23%, 61.85% and 55.17% of C. tropicalis from animals were classified as wild-type for fluconazole, itraconazole and voriconazole, respectively. Therefore, efflux-mediated mechanisms are involved in azole resistance among Candida spp. from animals and this phenomenon seems to emerge in animal-associated niches, pointing to the existence of environmental drivers of resistance and highlighting the importance of the One Health approach to control it.

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