scholarly journals Luteal Blood Flow and progesterone concentration during first and second postpartum estrous cycle in lactating dairy cows

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 1341-1347
Author(s):  
Eleonora Iacono ◽  
Martina Lucci ◽  
Gaetano Mari ◽  
Barbara Merlo
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Progesterone Concentration ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows

scholarly journals Reduced progesterone concentration during growth of the first follicular wave affects embryo quality but has no effect on embryo survival post transfer in lactating dairy cows

Reproduction ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 141 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando A Rivera ◽  
Luís G D Mendonça ◽  
Gláucio Lopes ◽  
José E P Santos ◽  
Rolando V Perez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Embryo Quality ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Embryo Survival ◽  
Follicular Wave ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Prostaglandin F ◽  
Donor Cows

Fertility of lactating dairy cows is associated with reduced progesterone (P4) concentration compared with nonlactating animals. The objective of the current study was to determine whether P4 during growth of the first follicular wave (FFW) affects embryo quality. Lactating Holstein cows at 33±3 days post partum were allocated to one of three treatments. Cows in the FFW and FFW with P4 (FFWP) treatments started the superstimulation protocol on day 1 of the estrous cycle and second follicular wave (SFW) cows started the superstimulation protocol on estrous cycle day 7. Cows were superstimulated with 400 mg of NIH-FSH-P1 (FSH) given twice daily for 5 days, two prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) injections given with the ninth and tenth injections of FSH, GNRH given 48 h after the first PGF2α injection, and timed insemination 12 and 24 h after the GNRH injection. Cows in the FFWP treatment received two intravaginal P4 inserts during the superstimulation. Embryos were recovered 6.5 days after artificial insemination and excellent/good and fair embryos were frozen and transferred. Blood was sampled daily from estrous cycle day 0 until insemination from donor cows. During the superstimulation protocol, P4 was (P<0.01) greatest for SFW cows followed by FFWP and FFW cows respectively. The percentage of embryos–oocytes from SFW and FFWP cows classified as excellent/good and fair embryos was (P=0.02) greater than those of FFW cows. Pregnancy per embryo transfer was not (P≥0.73) affected by embryo donor treatment. Reduced embryo quality of cows induced to ovulate the follicles from the first follicular wave is a consequence of reduced P4 during follicle growth.

The role of the mammary gland during heat stress

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Ricardo Oliveira Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Transcriptional Profiling ◽  
Mammary Tissue ◽  
Secretory Cells ◽  
University Of Missouri ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT REQUEST OF AUTHOR.] Disruptive effects of climate change, such as increasing environmental temperature, have direct impacts on economic viability and efficiency of food production. In lactating dairy cows, heat stress reduces milk production and alters function of mammary secretory cells, at least partly by disturbing local protein metabolism. We hypothesized that hyperthermia would not only reduce mammary blood flow but would also reduce mammary extraction of nutrients from blood. In addition, we hypothesized that transcriptional profiling of mammary tissue would reveal disruption of cellular homeostasis. Our objective was to determine the effects of hyperthermia on mammary function. More specifically, we aimed to profile mammary blood flow and the changes in mammary transcriptome of heat-stressed lactating dairy cows. We investigated the effects of early and prolonged exposure of lactating dairy cows to hyperthermia by exposing cows to programmed constantly elevated temperature and humidity to induce and maintain body temperature approximately 1[degree]C above normal. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the production responses of hyperthermic lactating dairy cows, to characterize total and nutritive mammary blood flow, and to elucidate the regulation of mammary function during early and prolonged exposure to hyperthermia. Results from these studies established that 1) hyperthermia reduces total and nutritive mammary blood flow, limiting nutrient disappearance across the mammary gland; 2) hyperthermia does not induce shunting of blood away from the gland; 3) hyperthermia affects mammary tissue transcriptome, mainly altering processes associated with ECM and cell adhesion; 4) the effects of exposure to prolonged heat stress on mammary gene expression are distinct from the effects of feed restriction, in lactating dairy cows; and 5) mammary function is reestablished within 8 days after cessation of heat stress.

scholarly journals Determination of progesterone concentration during the estrous cycle in dairy cows using a chemiluminescence assay

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Luiz Ernandes Kozicki ◽  
Saulo Henrique Weber ◽  
Louise Helene Bacher ◽  
Isabella Sellmer Ramos ◽  
Francisco Romano Gaievski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Progesterone Concentration ◽  
Chemiluminescence Assay

scholarly journals Low progesterone concentration during the development of the first follicular wave reduces pregnancy per insemination of lactating dairy cows

2012 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 1794-1806 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.C. Denicol ◽  
G. Lopes ◽  
L.G.D. Mendonça ◽  
F.A. Rivera ◽  
F. Guagnini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Progesterone Concentration ◽  
Follicular Wave ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows

Luteal blood flow increases during the first three weeks of pregnancy in lactating dairy cows

2011 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 549-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Herzog ◽  
C. Voss ◽  
J.P. Kastelic ◽  
N. Beindorff ◽  
V. Paul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows

Follicular dynamics, corpus luteum growth and regression in lactating dairy cattle

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Taylor ◽  
R. Rajamahendran
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Follicular Growth ◽  
Dominant Follicle ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Ovulatory Follicle ◽  
Second Wave ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cattle ◽  
Follicular Dynamics

Ultrasound imaging and progesterone (P4) profiles were used to characterize follicular and corpus luteum (CL) growth and regression in 10 cycling dairy cows. Thirteen of sixteen cycles were characterized by two waves of follicular growth, the second wave giving rise to the ovulatory follicle. The remaining three cycles had three waves. There was no difference between two- and three-wave cycles with regard to the day of emergence of the first or second dominant follicle (day 2.5 ± 0.9 vs. day 2.4 ± 1.2 and day 12.4 ± 1.6 vs. day 12.0 ± 2.0, respectively) or the onset of regression of the first dominant follicle (day 12.5 ± 1.5 vs. day 12.3 ± 1.5). In two wave cycles, estrous cycle length was shorter (20.8 ± 1.7 d vs. 29.7 ± 4.9 d), the first day of decline in P4 (day 16.2 ± 1.5 vs. day 23.7 ± 5.5) and the onset of CL regression (day 17.1 ± 1.3 vs. day 24.3 ± 5.5) was earlier. It is concluded that two waves of follicular growth in an estrous cycle is the norm in lactating dairy cows. The presence of an additional wave is due to a prolonged luteal phase. Key words: Follicle, corpus luteum, estrous cycle, dairy cow

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document