scholarly journals ANALYSIS AND ENHANCEMENT OF THE DENOISING DEPTH DATA USING KINECT THROUGH ITERATIVE TECHNIQUE

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa Karbasi ◽  
Sara Bilal ◽  
Reza Aghababaeyan ◽  
Abdolvahab Ehsani Rad ◽  
Zeeshan Bhatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Background Noise ◽  
Depth Map ◽  
Depth Image ◽  
Shadow Removal ◽  
3D Image ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Depth Data ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Accuracy And Stability

Since the release of Kinect by Microsoft, the, accuracy and stability of Kinect data-such as depth map, has been essential and important element of research and data analysis. In order to develop efficient means of analyzing and using the kinnect data, researchers require high quality of depth data during the preprocessing step, which is very crucial for accurate results. One of the most important concerns of researchers is to eliminate image noise and convert image and video to the best quality. In this paper, different types of the noise for Kinect are analyzed and a unique technique is used, to reduce the background noise based on distance between Kinect devise and the user. Whereas, for shadow removal, the iterative method is used to eliminate the shadow casted by the Kinect. A 3D depth image is obtained as a result with good quality and accuracy. Further, the results of this present study reveal that the image background is eliminated completely and the 3D image quality in depth map has been enhanced.

scholarly journals No-Reference Depth Map Quality Evaluation Model Based on Depth Map Edge Confidence Measurement in Immersive Video Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dogan ◽  
Haddad ◽  
Ekmekcioglu ◽  
Kondoz
Keyword(s):  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Depth Map ◽  
Depth Image ◽  
Depth Maps ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Objective Quality ◽  
Quality Evaluation Model ◽  
Confidence Measurement

When it comes to evaluating perceptual quality of digital media for overall quality of experience assessment in immersive video applications, typically two main approaches stand out: Subjective and objective quality evaluation. On one hand, subjective quality evaluation offers the best representation of perceived video quality assessed by the real viewers. On the other hand, it consumes a significant amount of time and effort, due to the involvement of real users with lengthy and laborious assessment procedures. Thus, it is essential that an objective quality evaluation model is developed. The speed-up advantage offered by an objective quality evaluation model, which can predict the quality of rendered virtual views based on the depth maps used in the rendering process, allows for faster quality assessments for immersive video applications. This is particularly important given the lack of a suitable reference or ground truth for comparing the available depth maps, especially when live content services are offered in those applications. This paper presents a no-reference depth map quality evaluation model based on a proposed depth map edge confidence measurement technique to assist with accurately estimating the quality of rendered (virtual) views in immersive multi-view video content. The model is applied for depth image-based rendering in multi-view video format, providing comparable evaluation results to those existing in the literature, and often exceeding their performance.

scholarly journals Commercial Greenhouse Growers Can Produce High-quality Bedding Plants in Bioplastic-based Biocontainers

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 472-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas J. Flax ◽  
Christopher J. Currey ◽  
James A. Schrader ◽  
David Grewell ◽  
William R. Graves
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Growth Index ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Bedding Plants ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Greenhouse Growers ◽  
Container Type

Our objectives were to quantify the growth and quality of herbaceous annuals grown in different types of bioplastic-based biocontainers in commercial greenhouses and quantify producer interest in using these types of biocontainers in their production systems. Seedlings of ‘Serena White’ angelonia (Angelonia angustifolia) and ‘Maverick Red’ zonal geranium (Pelargonium ×hortorum) that had been transplanted into nine different (4.5-inch diameter) container types [eight bioplastic-based biocontainers and a petroleum-based plastic (PP) (control)] were grown at six commercial greenhouses in the upper midwestern United States. Plants were grown alongside other bedding annuals in each commercial greenhouse, and producers employed their standard crop culture practices. Data were collected to characterize growth when most plants were flowering. Questionnaires to quantify producer perceptions and interest in using bioplastic-based biocontainers, interest in different container attributes, and satisfaction were administered at select times during the experiment. Container type interacted with greenhouse to affect angelonia growth index (GI) and shoot dry weight (SDW), as well as shoot, root, and container ratings. Container type or greenhouse affected geranium GI and shoot rating, and their interaction affected SDW, and root and container ratings. These results indicate that commercial producers can grow herbaceous annuals in a range of bioplastic-based biocontainers with few or no changes to their crop culture practices.

scholarly journals Different Textile Materials as Light Shaping Attachments in Studio Photography and Their Influence on Colour Reproduction

Tekstilec ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-15
Author(s):  
Veronika Štampfl ◽  
◽  
Klemen Možina ◽  
Jure Ahtik ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Diffuse Light ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Textile Materials ◽  
Different Types

The research focuses on the quality of colour reproduction when using different light sources, often used to illuminate scenes in a photo studio, and different types of fabrics as lighting shapers. With the latter, the light can be converted into softer and more diffuse light, but the properties of the fabrics used affect the colour impression and thus the quality of the reproduced colours. This was evaluated by analysing the colour differ¬ences which were calculated from the colorimetric values of the colour patches of the X-Rite ColorChecker Passport test chart. Test chart was photographed in a controlled environment and illuminated with different combinations of light sources and tested fabrics. The results confirmed that not all combinations of variables are suitable for use if the goal of the photograph is to achieve high quality colour reproduction.

scholarly journals CONCEPT AND REALIZATION OF BACKPACK-TYPE SYSTEM FOR MULTICHANNEL ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY IN FREELY BEHAVING RODENTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 64-68
Author(s):  
Olga Chaikovska ◽  
Oleksandr Ponomarenko ◽  
Olexandr Dovgan ◽  
Igor Rokunets ◽  
Sergii Pavlov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type System ◽  
Field Potential ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Flexible System ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Freely Behaving ◽  
Rats And Mice ◽  
Local Field Potential Lfp ◽  
Anaesthetized Rat

Technologies for multichannel electrophysiology are experiencing astounding growth. Numbers of channels reach thousands of recording sites, systems are often combined with electrostimulations and optic stimulations. However, the task of design the cheap, flexible system for freely behaving animals without tethered cable are not solved completely. We propose the system for multichannel electrophysiology for both rats and mice. The system allows to record unit activity and local field potential (LFP) up to 32 channels with different types of electrodes. The system was constructed using Intan technologies RHD 2132 chip. Data acquisition and recordings take place on the DAQ-card, which is placed as a back-pack on the animal. The signal is amplified with amplifier cascade and digitalized with 16-bit ADC. Instrumental filters allow to filter the signal in 0.1–20000 Hz bandwidth. The system is powered from the mini-battery with capacity 340 mA/hr. The system was validated with generated signals, in anaesthetized rat and showed a high quality of recordings.

scholarly journals A Layered Approach for Quality Assessment of DIBR-Synthesized Images

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Rafia Mansoor ◽  
Muhammad Shahid Farid ◽  
Muhammad Hassan Khan ◽  
Asma Maqsood
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Color Image ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Depth Map ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Depth Image ◽  
Multiview Video ◽  
3D Scene ◽  
2D And 3D

Multiview video plus depth (MVD) is a popular video format that supports three-dimensional television (3DTV) and free viewpoint television (FTV). 3DTV and FTV provide depth sensation to the viewer by presenting two views of the same scene but with slightly different angles. In MVD, few views are captured, and each view has the color image and the corresponding depth map which is used in depth image-based rendering (DIBR) to generate views at novel viewpoints. The DIBR can introduce various artifacts in the synthesized view resulting in poor quality. Therefore, evaluating the quality of the synthesized image is crucial to provide an appreciable quality of experience (QoE) to the viewer. In a 3D scene, objects are at a different distance from the camera, characterized by their depth. In this paper, we investigate the effect that objects at a different distance make on the overall QoE. In particular, we find that the quality of the closer objects contributes more to the overall quality as compared to the background objects. Based on this phenomenon, we propose a 3D quality assessment metric to evaluate the quality of the synthesized images. The proposed metric using the depth of the scene divides the image into different layers where each layer represents the objects at a different distance from the camera. The quality of each layer is individually computed, and their scores are pooled together to obtain a single quality score that represents the quality of the synthesized image. The performance of the proposed metric is evaluated on two benchmark DIBR image databases. The results show that the proposed metric is highly accurate and performs better than most existing 2D and 3D quality assessment algorithms.

scholarly journals Depth Map Renement Using Reliability Based Joint Trilateral Filter

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-116
Author(s):  
Takuya Matsuo ◽  
Naoki Kodera ◽  
Norishige Fukushima ◽  
Yutaka Ishibashi
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cost ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Depth Map ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Depth Image ◽  
Depth Maps ◽  
Trilateral Filter ◽  
Depth Image Based Rendering ◽  
Depth Ranges

In this paper, we propose a renement lter for depth maps. The lter convolutes an image and a depth map with a cross computed kernel. We call the lter joint trilateral lter. Main advantages of the proposed method are that the lter ts outlines of objects in the depth map to silhouettes in the im- age, and the lter reduces Gaussian noise in other areas. The eects reduce rendering artifacts when a free viewpoint image is generated by point cloud ren- dering and depth image based rendering techniques. Additionally, their computational cost is independent of depth ranges. Thus we can obtain accurate depth maps with the lower cost than the conventional ap- proaches, which require Markov random eld based optimization methods. Experimental results show that the accuracy of the depth map in edge areas goes up and its running time decreases. In addition, the lter improves the accuracy of edges in the depth map from Kinect sensor. As results, the quality of the rendering image is improved.

scholarly journals The necessity of using high quality orthoses in rehabilitation medicine

2018 ◽  
Vol 178 ◽  
pp. 05009
Author(s):  
Elena Amaricai
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Rehabilitation Medicine ◽  
Good Stability ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Proper Selection ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Right ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Selection Of

In rehabilitation medicine there is increasing need of using high quality orthoses that can provide either good stability of the joint or good correction of the postural defect. The advantages of using orthoses that are in the same time hypoallergenic, lightweight, flexible, resistant and durable over time should be considered when prescribing them in clinical practice. This study presents different types of orthoses and the necessity of proper selection of materials when choosing the best ones. We included 34 patients diagnosed with different musculoskeletal conditions (thoracic and thoraco-lumbar scoliosis, genu valgum deviation and rheumatoid arthritis) that required the use of special orthoses (thoraco-lumbar braces, knee or hand orthoses). Patients were asked to complete a questionnaire regarding the quality of the orthoses that they have been used. The following characteristics of an orthosis should be considered when choosing the right one: easily wearable, comfortable, offering good stability of a joint, high quality, lightweight, hypoallergenic and resistant.

scholarly journals 3d Image Generation from Single 2d Image using Monocular Depth Cues

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 856-859
Keyword(s):  
Depth Map ◽  
Depth Image ◽  
Image Generation ◽  
3D Image ◽  
Depth Cues ◽  
Depth Image Based Rendering ◽  
2D To 3D Conversion ◽  
Monocular Depth ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor ◽  
2D To 3D

There has been a tremendous increase in the popularity of 3D hardware such as TV's, Smartphone's, gadgets for gaming, medical equipments, 3D printing and many more. 2D to 3D conversion is applied at various levels to get 3D content. In this paper, 3D image is generated from a single 2D image. we try to convert our own Karate and Bharathanatyam (KB) Dataset which contains both indoor and outdoor poses to 3D. Here, Watershed algorithm is employed to segment the image. Depth map is generated by sharpness and contrast as depth cues. The 3D image from single 2D image is created by depth image based rendering method.

Influence of technology parameters of free-cutting steel continuous casting on the billet internal structure

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-142
Author(s):  
A. T. Kunakbaeva ◽  
A. M. Stolyarov ◽  
M. V. Potapova
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Continuous Casting ◽  
Internal Structure ◽  
Sulfur Content ◽  
Manganese Content ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Correlation And Regression Analysis ◽  
Cutting Steel ◽  
Continuously Cast

Free-cutting steel gains specific working properties thanks to the high content of sulfur and phosphorus. These elements, especially sulfur, have a rather high tendency to segregation. Therefore, segregation defects in free-cutting steel continuously cast billets can be significantly developed. The aim of the work was to study the influence of the chemical composition of freecutting steel and casting technological parameters on the quality of the macrostructure of continuously cast billets. A metallographic assessment of the internal structure of cast metal made of free-cutting steel and data processing by application of correlation and regression analysis were the research methods. The array of production data of 43 heats of free-cutting steel of grade A12 was studied. Steel casting on a five-strand radial type continuous casting machine was carried out by various methods of metal pouring from tundish into the molds. Metal of 19 heats was poured with an open stream, and 24 heats – by a closed stream through submerged nozzles with a vertical hole. High-quality billets had a cross-sectional size of 150×150 mm. The macrostructure of high-quality square billets made of free-cutting steel of A12 grade is characterized by the presence of central porosity, axial segregation and peripheral point contamination, the degree of development of which was in the range from 1.5 to 2.0 points, segregation cracks and strips – about 1.0 points. In the course of casting with an open stream, almost all of these defects are more developed comparing with the casting by a closed stream. As a result of correlation and regression analysis, linear dependences of the development degree of segregation cracks and strips both axial and angular on the sulfur content in steel and on the ratio of manganese content to sulfur content were established. The degree of these defects development increases with growing of sulfur content in steel of A12 grade. These defects had especially strong development when sulfur content in steel was of more than 0.10%. To improve the quality of cast metal, it is necessary to have the ratio of the manganese content to the sulfur content in the metal more than eight.

Pictish Horse Carvings

1991 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-62
Author(s):  
Irene Hughson
Keyword(s):  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Early Historic Period ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Historic Period ◽  
Agricultural Economy ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Early Historic

Summary This paper examines the horse carvings to be found on Class I and Class II Pictish sculptured stones and considers their reliability as evidence of the sort of horses and ponies that would have existed in the Early Historic Period. An attempt is made to show that the availability in Britain of good sized, high quality riding horses during that period is not inconsistent with what is known of the development and distribution of different types of horses in pre-hislory. The importance of horses and ponies in Early Historic societies is stressed and inferences drawn about the agricultural economy that could support horses and the skilled specialists required to look after them.

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