Fracture Toughness and Pressure Vessel Performance

1964 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Carman ◽  
D. F. Armiento ◽  
H. Markus
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Crack Model ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Strain Fracture ◽  
Reliable Performance

Criteria for predicting pressure vessel performance based on fracture toughness are reviewed in general terms. Experimental studies of small pressure vessels fabricated of high toughness, high strength steel 4330V (Mod + Si) are described. Data presented include fatigue life in presence of a small part-through-crack and burst properties of the fatigue cracked cylinders. Interpretation of the fatigue data is based on Paris’ relationship dadN=K4M. The failure stresses are discussed in relation to the stress elevating effect of local bulging on the apparent fracture toughness. The behavior observed in testing full scale high strength pressure vessels fabricated from materials having intermediate fracture toughness, namely, D6A steel at 200,000-psi yield strength and 300M steel at 230,000-psi yield strength and materials having limited fracture toughness, namely, twenty percent nickel maraging steel at 280,000-psi yield strength, are discussed in relation to the ratio of fracture toughness to plane-strain fracture toughness based on the part-through-crack model. Precautions necessary for fabrication and inspection to insure reliable performance are discussed.

Fatigue and Burst Analysis of Hy-140(T) Steel Pressure Vessels

1970 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Barsom ◽  
S. T. Rolfe
Keyword(s):  
Yield Strength ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Low Cycle Fatigue ◽  
High Strength Steels ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Fatigue Tests ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Corrosion Properties ◽  
Burst Analysis

Increasing use of high-strength steels in pressure-vessel design has resulted from emphasis on decreasing the weight of pressure vessels for certain applications. To demonstrate the suitability of a 140-ksi yield strength steel for use in unwelded pressure vessels, HY-140(T)—a quenched and tempered 5Ni-Cr-Mo-V steel—was fabricated and subjected to various burst and fatigue tests, as well as to various laboratory tests. In general, results of the investigation indicated very good tensile, Charpy, Nil Ductility Transition Temperature (NDT), low-cycle fatigue, and stress-corrosion properties of HY-140(T) steels, as well as very good burst tests results, in comparison with existing high-yield strength pressure-vessel steels. The results also indicate that the HY-140(T) steel should be an excellent material for its originally designed purpose, Naval hull applications.

Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness of High-Strength Aluminum Alloys

1965 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 904-916 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Carman ◽  
D. F. Armiento ◽  
H. Markus
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Aluminum Alloys ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Plane Strain ◽  
Process Zone ◽  
Inverse Function ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Plane Strain Fracture Toughness ◽  
Strain Fracture ◽  
Impurity Elements

The plane-strain fracture toughness of precipitation-hardening aluminum alloys of 7000 and 2000 series and a strain-hardening alloy 5456 have been determined at both room temperature and −320 F using circumferentially notched rounds. These results show that the plane-strain fracture toughness is an inverse function of the yield strength and that at equivalent yield-strength levels the 7000 series of alloys is tougher than the 2000 series of alloys. Plane strain-fracture toughness values were determined using “pop-in” technique employing both the center crack and single-edge-notch specimens. Comparable values were obtained in all examples tested. The effects of impurity elements, iron and silicon, on the fracture toughness of 7075-T6 aluminum alloy were investigated using a special low iron-and-silicon melt of 7075-T6 material. Reduction of these impurity elements resulted in a 30 to 45 percent upgrading of the plane-strain fracture toughness of this alloy. These data have been interpreted in terms of the process zone size, dT, using electron microfractography as an indication of this parameter. The plane strain-fracture toughness values have been used to calculate the breaking stress of part-through-cracked panel. These calculations have been confirmed experimentally for two alloys. Such data have direct applicability in the design of structures.

BISALLOY STRUCTURAL 80 PRESSURE VESSEL STEEL

Alloy Digest ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Pressure Vessel Steel ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Vessel Steel ◽  
Temperature Fracture ◽  
Minimum Yield

Abstract Bisalloy Structural 80 Pressure Vessel Steel (80 ksi minimum yield strength) is a low-carbon, low-alloy, high-strength structural steel for pressure vessel applications. It exhibits excellent cold formability and low-temperature fracture toughness. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and tensile properties. It also includes information on forming, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SA-844. Producer or source: Bisalloy Steels Group Limited.

LESCALLOY 300M VAC ARC

Alloy Digest ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Melting Process ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Low Alloy Steel ◽  
Steel Company ◽  
High Hardenability ◽  
Ingot Structure

Abstract LESCALLOY 300M VAC ARC is a low-alloy steel with an excellent combination of high hardenability and high strength coupled with good ductility and good toughness. Its tensile strength ranges from 280,000 to 300,000 psi. It is produced by the vacuum consumable electrode melting process to provide optimum cleanliness and preferred ingot structure. Its applications include aircraft components, pressure vessels and fasteners. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: SA-321. Producer or source: Latrobe Steel Company. Originally published March 1976, revised February 1993.

RUUKKI RAEX 300

Alloy Digest ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Impact Toughness ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Wear Resistant

Abstract RUUKKI RAEX 300 (typical yield strength 900 MPa) is part of the Raex family of high-strength and wear-resistant steels with favorable hardness and impact toughness to extend life and decrease wear in structural components. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, tensile properties, and shear strength as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on wear resistance as well as forming, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SA-643. Producer or source: Rautaruukki Corporation.

STRENX 700

Alloy Digest ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Structural Steel ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Minimum Yield

Abstract Strenx 700 is a high-strength structural steel with a minimum yield strength of 650–700 MPa (94–102 ksi) depending on thickness. Strenx 700 meets the requirements of EN 10 025-6 for the S690 grade and thicknesses. Typical applications include demanding load-bearing structures. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on surface qualities as well as forming, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SA-779. Producer or source: SSAB Swedish Steel Inc..

DILLIMAX 690

Alloy Digest ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Structural Steel ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Minimum Yield

Abstract Dillimax 550 is a high-strength quenched and tempered, fine-grained structural steel with a minimum yield strength of 690 MPa (100 ksi). Plate is delivered in three qualities: basic, tough, and extra tough. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, and joining. Filing Code: SA-652. Producer or source: Dillinger Hütte GTS.

DILLIMAX 500

Alloy Digest ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Structural Steel ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
High Toughness ◽  
Minimum Yield

Abstract Dillimax 500 is a high-strength quenched and tempered, fine-grained structural steel with a minimum yield strength of 500 MPa (72 ksi). Plate is delivered in three qualities: basic, high toughness, and extra tough. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on surface qualities as well as forming, heat treating, and joining. Filing Code: SA-645. Producer or source: Dillinger Hütte GTS.

REPUBLIC 50

Alloy Digest ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Structural Steel ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Bend Strength ◽  
High Yield Strength

Abstract Republic 50 is a high-strength low-alloy structural steel recommended where high yield strength and toughness combined with good weldability and corrosion resistance are required. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, tensile properties, and compressive, shear, and bend strength as well as fracture toughness and fatigue. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SA-205. Producer or source: Republic Steel Corporation.

MECASTEEL 145

Alloy Digest ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Hydraulic Systems ◽  
Minimum Yield

Abstract Mecasteel 145 (minimum yield strength 145 ksi) is a high-strength prehardened steel that can be used in substitution for conventional steels, such as AISI 4330, in the manufacture of massive steel components such as machines, hydraulic systems, and pumps. This datasheet provides information on composition and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on forming. Filing Code: SA-691. Producer or source: Industeel USA, LLC. Revised as Alloy Digest SA-703, July 2014.

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