Investigating the Nonlinear Dynamics of Human Balance Using Topological Data Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle W. Siegrist ◽  
Ryan M. Kramer ◽  
James R. Chagdes
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Postural Stability ◽  
Inverted Pendulum ◽  
Balance Control ◽  
Neuromuscular Diseases ◽  
Neuromuscular Control ◽  
Topological Data Analysis ◽  
Control Parameters ◽  
Human Balance ◽  
Neuromuscular Impairment

Abstract Understanding the mechanisms behind human balance has been a subject of interest as various postural instabilities have been linked to neuromuscular diseases (e.g., Parkinson's, multiple sclerosis, and concussion). This paper presents a method to characterize an individual's postural stability and estimate of their neuromuscular feedback control parameters. The method uses a generated topological mapping between a subject's experimental data and a dataset consisting of time-series realizations generated using an inverted pendulum mathematical model of upright balance. The performance of the method is quantified using a set of validation time-series realizations with known stability and neuromuscular control parameters. The method was found to have an overall sensitivity of 85.1% and a specificity of 91.9%. Furthermore, the method was most accurate when identifying limit cycle oscillations (LCOs) with a sensitivity of 91.1% and a specificity of 97.6%. Such a method has the capability of classifying an individual's stability and revealing possible neuromuscular impairment related to balance control, ultimately providing useful information to clinicians for diagnostic and rehabilitation purposes.

Investigating the Nonlinear Dynamics of Human Balance Using Topological Data Analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle W. Siegrist ◽  
James R. Chagdes ◽  
Ryan M. Kramer
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Postural Stability ◽  
Balance Control ◽  
Neuromuscular Diseases ◽  
Neuromuscular Control ◽  
Topological Data Analysis ◽  
Control Parameters ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Human Balance ◽  
Neuromuscular Impairment

Abstract Understanding the mechanisms behind human balance has been a subject of interest as various postural instabilities have been linked to neuromuscular diseases (Parkinson’s, multiple sclerosis, and concussion). This paper presents a classification method for an individual’s postural stability and estimation of their neuromuscular feedback control parameters. The method uses a generated topological mapping between a subjects experimental data and a data set consisting of time series realizations generated using an inverted pendulum mathematical model of upright balance. The performance of the method is quantified using a time series realizations with known stability and neuromuscular control parameters. The method was found to have an overall sensitivity of 85.1% and a specificity of 91.9%. Furthermore, the method was most accurate when identifying limit cycle oscillations with a sensitivity of 91.1% and a specificity of 97.6%. Such a method has the capability of classifying an individual’s stability and revealing possible neuromuscular impairment related to balance control, ultimately providing useful information to clinicians for diagnostic and rehabilitation purposes.

The time-delayed inverted pendulum: Implications for human balance control

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 026110 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Milton ◽  
Juan Luis Cabrera ◽  
Toru Ohira ◽  
Shigeru Tajima ◽  
Yukinori Tonosaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inverted Pendulum ◽  
Balance Control ◽  
Human Balance ◽  
Human Balance Control

DERIVATION AND VALIDATION OF A SPATIAL MULTI-LINK HUMAN POSTURAL STABILITY MODEL

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-167
Author(s):  
Nicholas R. Bourgeois ◽  
Robert G. Langlois
Keyword(s):  
Postural Stability ◽  
Inverted Pendulum ◽  
Dynamic Models ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Ship Motions ◽  
Inverted Pendulum Model ◽  
Pendulum Model ◽  
Stability Model ◽  
Human Balance ◽  
Naval Engineering

In naval engineering and related disciplines, it is common for dynamic models of the human body to be used in conjunction with quantitative records of body and ship motions, in order to study human balance behaviour while performing various shipboard activities. Research in this area can lead to improvements in ship operations and designs that improve crew safety and efficiency. This paper presents the development of a new spatial 18 degree-of-freedom (DOF)1 ship-inverted pendulum model that incorporates 6 DOF ship motion and 3 DOF joints representing ankle, knee, hip, and neck motions. The derived model is then validated by comparing it to similar models derived using alternative methods but simulated under equivalent input conditions.

Estimation of Hip and Ankle Visco-Elastic Parameters During Quiet Standing

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angel Cerda-Lugo ◽  
Alejandro Gonzalez ◽  
Antonio Cardenas ◽  
Davide Piovesan
Keyword(s):  
Postural Stability ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Balance Control ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The United States ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Quiet Standing ◽  
Control Parameters ◽  
Inverted Pendulum Model ◽  
Modes Of Vibration

Balance control naturally deteriorates with age, so it comes as no surprise that nearly 30% of the elderly population in the United States report stability problems that lead to difficulty performing daily activities or even falling. Postural stability is an integral task to daily living which is reliant upon the control of the ankle and hip. To this end, the estimation of ankle and hip parameters in quiet standing can be a useful tool when analyzing compensatory actions aimed at maintaining postural stability. Using an analytical approach, this work builds upon the results obtained by the authors and expands it to a two degrees of freedom system where the first two modes of vibration of a standing human are considered. The physiological parameters a second-order Kelvin-Voigt model were estimated for the actuation of the ankle and hip. Estimates were obtained during quiet standing when healthy volunteers were subjected to a step-like perturbation. This paper presents the analysis of a second-order nonlinear system of differential equations representing the control of lumped muscle-tendon units at the ankle and hip. This paper utilizes motion capture measurements to obtain the estimates of the control parameters of the system. The dynamic measurements are utilized to construct a simple time-dependent regression that allows calculating the time-varying estimates of the control and body segment parameters with a single perturbation. This work represents a step forward in estimating the control parameters of human quiet standing where, usually, the analysis is either restricted to the first vibrational mode of an inverted pendulum model or the control parameters are assumed to be time-invariant. The proposed method allows for the analysis of hip related movement in the control of stability and highlights the importance of core muscle training.

scholarly journals Topological Data Analysis Approaches to Uncovering the Timing of Ring Structure Onset in Filamentous Networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria-Veronica Ciocanel ◽  
Riley Juenemann ◽  
Adriana T. Dawes ◽  
Scott A. McKinley
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Actin Filaments ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Polymer Networks ◽  
Topological Data Analysis ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Topological Features ◽  
Topological Data

AbstractIn developmental biology as well as in other biological systems, emerging structure and organization can be captured using time-series data of protein locations. In analyzing this time-dependent data, it is a common challenge not only to determine whether topological features emerge, but also to identify the timing of their formation. For instance, in most cells, actin filaments interact with myosin motor proteins and organize into polymer networks and higher-order structures. Ring channels are examples of such structures that maintain constant diameters over time and play key roles in processes such as cell division, development, and wound healing. Given the limitations in studying interactions of actin with myosin in vivo, we generate time-series data of protein polymer interactions in cells using complex agent-based models. Since the data has a filamentous structure, we propose sampling along the actin filaments and analyzing the topological structure of the resulting point cloud at each time. Building on existing tools from persistent homology, we develop a topological data analysis (TDA) method that assesses effective ring generation in this dynamic data. This method connects topological features through time in a path that corresponds to emergence of organization in the data. In this work, we also propose methods for assessing whether the topological features of interest are significant and thus whether they contribute to the formation of an emerging hole (ring channel) in the simulated protein interactions. In particular, we use the MEDYAN simulation platform to show that this technique can distinguish between the actin cytoskeleton organization resulting from distinct motor protein binding parameters.

Assessment of postural stability using the Zebris Platform in women above the age of 60

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (92) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Janusz Jaworski ◽  
Ewelina Kołodziej
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Postural Stability ◽  
Balance Control ◽  
Regular Physical Activity ◽  
Foot Pressure ◽  
Stability Parameters ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Centre Of Foot Pressure ◽  
Ellipse Area

Introduction. Balance control and body posture stability disorders progressing with age are caused by the involutionary changes in the function of the motor and nervous systems. However, it is indicated that regular physical activity, also in older adulthood, may have a positive effect on maintaining the functions of individual systems at an optimal level. Study aim: The aim of the study was to assess the postural stability of women above the age of 60 who declare active lifestyles. Material and Methods. The research involved 24 women, who were arbitrarily divided into 3 groups according to their calendar age. The younger group consisted of 14 women below the age of 70 years ( x _ = 65.08; SD = 2.82), whereas the older group comprised 10 older adults, above the age of 70 ( x _ = 73.62; SD = 2.74). The scope of the study included evaluation of selected postural stability parameters: 95% of the ellipse area covered by the moving COP, statokinesiogram path length, mean speed regarding displacement of the centre of foot pressure, total left and total right foot pressure. The examinations were performed in June 2018 using the Zerbis FDM-S dynamographic platform. The research material collected in this way was subjected to statistical analysis. Basic descriptive statistics were calculated and normality of the distribution of variables was verified using the Shapiro- Wilk test. The Student’s t-test for independent variables or Mann-Whitney’s U-test (depending on the distribution) were used to determine the significance of differences concerning the analysed parameters of postural stability between the groups studied. Furthermore, for 95% of the ellipse area covered by the moving COP, statokinesiogram path and mean speed of the displacement of the centre of foot pressure and standardised profiles were calculated for both chronological age groups. Standardisation of the results was performed using means and standard deviations of the entire material (T scale). Results. The results of the study indicate a higher level of postural stability among women from the younger group. However, comparative analysis did not reveal any statistically significant intergroup differences. Mean point scores on the T scale in the group of younger women for the 3 variables ranged from 50.98 to 51.60 points, whereas for older women, this was from 48.90 to 48.98 points. The differences between characteristics in the group of younger women totalled ca. 0.62 points, while in the older group, this value was 0.08 points. Conclusions. comparative analysis allowed to show that postural stability indices in women above 70 decreased compared to the results obtained for the younger group. Regular physical activity may be one of the significant factors in the prevention of postural stability regression.

scholarly journals Destabilization of human balance control by static and dynamic head tilts

2006 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H. Paloski ◽  
Scott J. Wood ◽  
Alan H. Feiveson ◽  
F. Owen Black ◽  
Emma Y. Hwang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Balance Control ◽  
Dynamic Head ◽  
Human Balance ◽  
Human Balance Control

Probing the human vestibular system with galvanic stimulation

2004 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 2301-2316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard C. Fitzpatrick ◽  
Brian L. Day
Keyword(s):  
Balance Control ◽  
Semicircular Canals ◽  
Vestibular Nuclei ◽  
Vestibular Stimulation ◽  
Otolith Organs ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Electrophysiological Studies ◽  
Human Balance ◽  
Cortical Inputs ◽  
Vestibular Organs

Galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) is a simple, safe, and specific way to elicit vestibular reflexes. Yet, despite a long history, it has only recently found popularity as a research tool and is rarely used clinically. The obstacle to advancing and exploiting GVS is that we cannot interpret the evoked responses with certainty because we do not understand how the stimulus acts as an input to the system. This paper examines the electrophysiology and anatomy of the vestibular organs and the effects of GVS on human balance control and develops a model that explains the observed balance responses. These responses are large and highly organized over all body segments and adapt to postural and balance requirements. To achieve this, neurons in the vestibular nuclei receive convergent signals from all vestibular receptors and somatosensory and cortical inputs. GVS sway responses are affected by other sources of information about balance but can appear as the sum of otolithic and semicircular canal responses. Electrophysiological studies showing similar activation of primary afferents from the otolith organs and canals and their convergence in the vestibular nuclei support this. On the basis of the morphology of the cristae and the alignment of the semicircular canals in the skull, rotational vectors calculated for every mode of GVS agree with the observed sway. However, vector summation of signals from all utricular afferents does not explain the observed sway. Thus we propose the hypothesis that the otolithic component of the balance response originates from only the pars medialis of the utricular macula.

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