Effect of Safety Measures on Reliability of Aircraft Structures Subjected to Damage Growth

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit A. Kale ◽  
Raphael T. Haftka
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Small Variation ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Structural Safety ◽  
Large Scatter ◽  
Damage Growth ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Aircraft Structures ◽  
Certification Tests ◽  
Certification Testing

This paper demonstrates the effect of various safety measures used to design aircraft structures for damage tolerance. In addition, it sheds light on the effectiveness of measures like certification tests in improving structural safety. Typically, aircraft are designed with a safety factor of 2 on the service life in addition to other safety measures, such as conservative material properties. This paper demonstrates that small variation in material properties, loading and errors in modeling damage growth can produce large scatter in fatigue life, which means that quality control measures like certification tests are not very effective in reducing failure probability. However, it is shown that the use of machined cracks in certification can substantially increase the effectiveness of certification testing.

Occupational hazard in Malaysian traffic police: special focus on air pollutants

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Putri Anis Syahira Mohamad Jamil ◽  
Karmegam Karuppiah ◽  
Irniza Rasdi ◽  
Vivien How ◽  
Shamsul Bahri Mohd Tamrin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Injuries ◽  
Indicator System ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Traffic Police ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
And Control ◽  
Risk Occupation ◽  
High Risk Occupation

Abstract This paper provides a specific deliberation on occupational hazards confronted daily by Malaysian Traffic Police. Traffic police is a high-risk occupation that involves a wide range of tasks and, indirectly, faced with an equally wide variety of hazards at work namely, physical, biological, psychosocial, chemical, and ergonomic hazards. Thereupon, occupational injuries, diseases, and even death are common in the field. The objective of this paper is to collate and explain the major hazards of working as Malaysian traffic police especially in Point Duty Unit, their health effects, and control measures. There are many ways in which these hazards can be minimised by ensuring that sufficient safety measures are taken such as a wireless outdoor individual exposure indicator system for the traffic police. By having this system, air monitoring among traffic police may potentially be easier and accurate. Other methods of mitigating these unfortunate events are incorporated and addressed in this paper according to the duty and needs of traffic police.

scholarly journals Compliance of Healthcare Professionals with Safety Measures for Control of Hepatitis Viruses in Hemodialysis Centers: An Experience from Southeast Iran

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sodaif Darvish Moghaddam ◽  
Mohammad Javad Zahedi ◽  
Mahdieh Dalili ◽  
Mostafa Shokoohi
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Compliance Rate ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Hepatitis Viruses ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Periodic Monitoring ◽  
Single Use

Introduction. Noncompliance with the recommended infection control measures by the healthcare professionals (HCPs) plays a major role in transmission of hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) viruses in hemodialysis (HD) wards. This study aimed to determine the compliance rate of the HCP with safety measures in the HD wards in southeast Iran. Patients and Methods. A total of 208 patients were enrolled. Adherence of HCPs with standard infection control measures was assessed. Results. Sixty-one HCPs with a mean age of 32.4 ± 11.2 years old were responsible for healthcare services. Compliance with the following items was weak: not sharing medications trolley (29.8%), disinfecting the shared instruments (46.2%), using single use materials for many patients (52.4%), carrying used materials in disposable containers (51.9%), not returning of unused materials to the clean room (55.3%), and adherence to hand washing (58.7%). Periodic monitoring for HBV and HCV was performed on 100% and 69.7% of the patients, respectively. Less than 2/3 of HCPs participated in the retraining courses. Conclusion. Compliance of HCPs with safety measures for viral hepatitis prevention was partly inadequate in HD wards. Emphasis on retraining of HCPs and official supervision would be effective steps in the reduction of viral dissemination.

The influence of material non-uniformity preceding shear-band formation in a model for granular flow

1997 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 457-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID G. SCHAEFFER ◽  
MICHAEL SHEARER
Keyword(s):  
Shear Band ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Shear Banding ◽  
Shear Bands ◽  
Small Variation ◽  
Band Formation ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Single Location ◽  
Change Of Type ◽  
Short Time

The onset of shear-banding in a deforming elastoplastic solid has been linked to change of type of the governing partial differential equations. If uniform material properties are assumed, then (i) deformations prior to shear-banding are uniform, and (ii) the onset of shear-banding occurs simultaneously at all points in the sample. In this paper we study, in the context of a model for anti-plane shearing of a granular material, the effect of a small variation in material properties (e.g. in yield strength) within the sample. Using matched asymptotic expansions, we find that (i) the deformation is extremely non-uniform in a short time period immediately preceding the formation of shear-bands; and (ii) generically, a shear-band forms at a single location in the sample.

Dropped Object Analysis Using Non-Linear Dynamic FE Analysis

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwanghyun Ahn ◽  
Minsung Chun ◽  
Sangmin Han ◽  
Kibok Jang ◽  
Yongsuk Suh
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Failure Criteria ◽  
Offshore Structures ◽  
Linear Analysis ◽  
Fe Analysis ◽  
Structural Safety ◽  
Design Consideration ◽  
Linear Dynamic ◽  
Non Linear

For the last few decades, necessity of direct non-linear FE analysis has been increasing for the accidental events at the vessel/offshore structures. One of major areas for the accidental design, dropped object analysis using non-linear analysis is indispensable for the verification of structural safety at the design process. This paper is concerned with the methodology, conditions, and design consideration of dropped object analysis using dynamic FE analysis. By comparing the results from direct FE analyses to those from simplified energy method described in DNV-RP-C204, necessities and advantages of direct non-linear analysis can be verified. In this paper, the effect of analysis condition is investigated using parametric study. The results are influenced by the application of failure criteria according to the rule requirements, application of material properties, dropping position, condition of the object, and so on. This study can suggest appropriate determination of the methodology and condition for the dropped object analysis using direct FE analysis.

scholarly journals Operating flow of live operation of transmission line with series of special tools

2019 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 04011
Author(s):  
Ma Jun ◽  
Shi Yonggang ◽  
Yu Liang ◽  
Dong Gang ◽  
Gong Fuxing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Line ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Process Safety ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Operation Method ◽  
Operation Process ◽  
Scope Of Application ◽  
Current Characteristics ◽  
Operation Flow

In view of the current characteristics of live operation of transmission lines and the problems of the use of series of special appliances without stipulations, etc. In this paper, the operation flow of live operation of transmission line using a series of special tools is presented.This article elaborates the operation process from seven aspects: scope of application, operation method, labor combination, operation process, safety measures, dangerous points, control measures and necessary tools.It solves a series of problems in carrying out live operation of transmission lines with a series of special tools.

Structural Safety Measures for Airplanes

2006 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erdem Acar ◽  
Amit Kale ◽  
Raphael T. Haftka ◽  
W. Jefferson Stroud
Keyword(s):  
Structural Safety ◽  
Safety Measures

Quality Control Measures of EPS External Thermal Insulation Board

2013 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 414-417
Author(s):  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Yun Xue
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
North China ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Insulation System ◽  
Engineering Applications ◽  
Saving Effect

EPS thermal insulation system is one of the wider applications of exterior insulation system in the area of North China. In engineering applications, it is extremely important to improve the thermal insulation engineering quality to familiar with the structure principle, strengthen strict re-inspection of the material properties , standardized operation and fine construction, but also conducive to ensure its energy-saving effect and durability.

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