Development of Three-Nozzle Extrusion System for Conformal Multi-Resolution 3D Printing With a Robotic Manipulator

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeo Jung Yoon ◽  
Minsok Yon ◽  
Sung Eun Jung ◽  
Satyandra K. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Surface Finish ◽  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
Robotic Manipulator ◽  
3D Printer ◽  
System Calibration ◽  
Support Materials ◽  
Good Surface ◽  
Number Of Layers ◽  
Good Surface Finish

Abstract Using a 6-DOF robotic manipulator for material extrusion additive manufacturing (AM) enables conformal printing onto complex surfaces while orienting material fibers at desired directions. Compared to a traditional 3D printer, conformal printing can produce parts with good surface finish, less number of layers and enhanced mechanical properties. In this paper, we present a three-nozzle extrusion system which can be attached to a robot. This system allows the robot to achieve conformal 3D printing with multi-resolution. One extruder is for printing support materials and the other two extruders are for fabricating structural material with different resolutions. The interior regions of the part are fabricated with a bigger diameter nozzle and the surface of the part is printed with a smaller diameter nozzle. This multi-resolution printing not only speeds up the build times but also produces the good surface finish. In previous work, we demonstrated multi-resolution 3D printing using two robots. The contributions of this paper are design and fabrication of a three-nozzle extrusion system, calibration process for the system, and its validation. The validation of the calibration was done by printing linear and circular patterns using different nozzles, and evaluating relative dimensional accuracy. This work will enable a single robot to perform multi-resolution conformal 3D printing.

Vibration in Traverse Cut Cylindrical Grinding - Experiments and Analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 264-265 ◽  
pp. 1124-1129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh Rudrapati ◽  
Pradip Kumar Pal ◽  
Asish Bandyopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
Surface Finish ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
Vibration Signals ◽  
Cylindrical Grinding ◽  
Good Surface ◽  
Good Surface Finish ◽  
Grinding Machines ◽  
Grinding Machine

Good surface finish is one of the important demands from the outputs of a cylindrical grinding machine. Also it is expected that dimensional accuracy, including accuracy in roundness, is fine in traverse cut cylindrical grinding. Now, like any other machine tool, cylindrical grinding machines also do vibrate, and vibration will affect accuracy and surface finish of the parts produced in grinding. The analysis of vibration in cylindrical grinding is then very much important. In the present study some aspects of vibration – behavior of cylindrical grinding machine have been experimented and analyzed. The process parameters have been varied and vibration signals have been measured in different directions by positioning an accelerometer at tail stock of the machine. The data have been analyzed through various statistical techniques to identify and predict vibration at given combinations of process parameters. The results and analysis of data give useful idea about dynamic performance of cylindrical grinding machine in traverse cut cylindrical grinding operation.

An Apparatus Designed for Coating and Coloration of Filaments Used in Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) 3D Printing

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piyush Chohan ◽  
Aniket Yadav ◽  
Ranvijay Kumar ◽  
Raman Kumar ◽  
Jasgurpreet Singh Chohan
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Surface Finish ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Outlet Port ◽  
Inlet Port ◽  
Uniform Coating ◽  
Good Surface ◽  
Good Surface Finish

Background: Three dimensional (3D) printing is emerging technology, capable of manufacturing a solid layer by layer. With the advancements of materials for 3D printing, this technology is applicable in almost every sector. But in accordance with the product requirements we need to modify the mechanical properties of material. To achieve good surface finish we require coating of filament. For this purpose an apparatus is designed for coating of material over a filament, which is capable of coating filaments uniformly and with automated process. Objective: The objective of present invention is directed to a filament feeding device for applying uniform coating on a filament in order to make 3D solid objects with good quality finishing, thereby eliminating the chances of strains and imperfect coating on the filament. Methods: The present invention relates to a filament feeding device, comprising a container equipped within the device for storing a chemical solution in a liquefied form, an inlet port fabricated on the container for inserting a filament inside the container, plurality of relief valves placed at a bottom portion of the container for controlling the leakage of the filaments during insertion of the filaments. A stepper motor in association with a blade equipped within the container to rotate the main extruder of a 3D printer, and an outlet port designed opposite to the inlet port for discharging the filament from the container for 3D printing of the filament in order to manufacture the solid object. Results: The apparatus makes it easy for coating and coloration of materials to make the reinforced composite filaments. As this apparatus provides uniform coating of material on the filaments, the product printed by filaments have good surface finish. Conclusion: The proposed method can reduce coating time and printing time. This work provides meaningful implication to researchers who are doing research in the domain of additive manufacturing.

Effects of Process Parameters on Surface Finish in Cylindrical Grinding

2011 ◽  
Vol 264-265 ◽  
pp. 1118-1123
Author(s):  
Pradip Kumar Pal ◽  
Asish Bandyopadhyay ◽  
Ramesh Rudrapati
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
Surface Finish ◽  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Cylindrical Grinding ◽  
Good Surface ◽  
Grinding Parameters ◽  
Good Surface Finish ◽  
Full Factorial ◽  
Selection Of

Cylindrical grinding is an efficient and useful method of achieving good dimensional accuracy and fine finish. Very often one of the main objectives of grinding process is to obtain very good surface finish. The present investigation takes into account the effects of common grinding parameters on surface finish obtained in cylindrical grinding. The material selected is mild steel. The grinding wheel dimensions and its specification are kept in-varied. Grinding parameters like in-feed, longitudinal feed and work speed have been varied at several levels. Surface finish parameter (Ra) has been measured and noted for evaluation of surface finish, by using the instrument Talysurf. These data have been analyzed, interpreted and discussed in the context of varied conditions of cylindrical traverse cut grinding. Apart from identifying relationships between process parameters and surface finish through graphical presentations, a number of techniques (Full Factorial Design, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and MATLAB) have been applied on the experimental data to arrive at some conclusive remarks. The paper effectively shows how selection of process parameters may yield desirable surface finish.

Results of studying the dimensional accuracy of the bases of complete removable prostheses made using 3D printing and traditional technologies

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
Vokulova Yu.A. Vokulova ◽  
E.N. Zhulev
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
3D Printer ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Average Value ◽  
The Difference

This article presents the results of studying the dimensional accuracy of the bases of complete removable prostheses made using a 3D printer and the traditional method. Bases of complete removable prostheses were made using an intraoral laser scanner iTero Cadent (USA) and a 3D printer Asiga Max UV (Australia). To study the dimensional accuracy of the bases of complete removable prostheses, we used the DentalCAD 2.2 Valletta software. The Nonparametric Wilcoxon W-test was used for statistical analysis of the obtained data. We found that the average value of the difference with the standard for bases made using digital technologies is 0.08744±0.0484 mm. The average value of the difference with the standard for bases made by the traditional method is 0.5654±0.1611 mm. Based on these data, we concluded that the bases of complete removable prostheses made using modern digital technologies (intraoral laser scanning and 3D printer) have a higher dimensional accuracy compared to the bases of complete removable prostheses made using the traditional method with a significance level of p<0.05 (Wilcoxon's W-test=0, p=0.031). Keywords: digital technologies in dentistry, digital impressions, intraoral scanner, 3D printing, ExoCAD, complete removable dentures.

Hybrid Non Conventional Machining of Glass - A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 895 ◽  
pp. 8-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Nagaraj ◽  
N. Jagannatha ◽  
N. Sathisha
Keyword(s):  
Surface Finish ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Machining Processes ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Good Surface ◽  
Hard And Brittle Material ◽  
Good Surface Finish ◽  
Output Characteristics ◽  
Conventional Machining ◽  
Selection Of

Glass, being considered as hard and brittle material is very difficult to machine into desired shapes. The readily available conventional machining process does not provide good surface finish thus requires additional machining process. This paper reviews the different existing non conventional machining process accessible till today for the machining of glass materials. This paper also discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the existing non conventional machining processes. The various hybrid non conventional machining processes are also studied with focus on machining output characteristics like MRR, surface finish, tool wear rate. This paper summarizes the selection of hybrid non conventional machining processes for the various type of glass.

An Experimental Investigation of the Laser Milling Process for Polycrystalline Diamonds

2011 ◽  
Vol 291-294 ◽  
pp. 810-815 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Wu ◽  
Jun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Surface Finish ◽  
Polycrystalline Diamond ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Good Surface ◽  
Laser Milling ◽  
Cavity Profile ◽  
Profile Depth ◽  
Good Surface Finish

An experimental study of the pulsed laser milling process for a sintered polycrystalline diamond is presented. The characteristics and quality of the cavities machined with a Yd laser under different pulse energies, pulse overlaps, scan overlaps and numbers of passes are discussed, together with the effects of these parameters on the cavity profile, depth of cut and surface roughness. A statistical analysis is also presented to study the relationship between the process parameters and surface roughness. It shows that the optimum pulse overlap and pulse energy may be used to achieve good surface finish, whereas scan overlap and number of passes can be selected to improve the depth of cut without much effect on the surface finish.

Experimental Investigations on Machining Micro Alloy Steel (MAS 38MnSiVS5) Using K 20 Multi Coated Carbide Insert

2014 ◽  
Vol 591 ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Subramani Muniraj ◽  
Nambi Muthukrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Alloy Steel ◽  
Surface Finish ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Cutting Parameters ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Good Surface ◽  
Good Surface Finish ◽  
Coated Carbide ◽  
Carbide Insert ◽  
Spindle Power

An experimental investigation is carried out on machining Micro Alloy Steel (MAS). The cylindrical rods of diameter 60 mm and length 250 mm is machined using the medium duty lathe of 2 kW spindle power to study the machinability issues of MAS using K20 multi coated (TiN-TiCN-Al203-ZrCN) Carbide insert. The optimum cutting parameters have been identified by power consumed by main spindle, and average surface roughness of machined component. Results show at higher cutting speeds; good surface finish is obtained. It is concluded that, surface finish is directly proportionate to the cutting speed. Results provide some useful information.

Development of Rapid Tooling for Investment Casting Using Fused Deposition Modeling Process

2014 ◽  
Vol 970 ◽  
pp. 155-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sambasiva Rao Addanki ◽  
Medha A. Dharap ◽  
Jonnalagedda V.L. Venkatesh
Keyword(s):  
Surface Finish ◽  
Chemical Treatment ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Processing Technique ◽  
Rapid Tooling ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Good Surface ◽  
Deposition Modeling ◽  
Good Surface Finish

Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) process can be used to produce the rapid tooling directly or indirectly. However, rapid tooling application demands good surface finish since the poor surface finish of FDM parts has become a limitation for its tool application. So there is need to improve the surface finish of FDM made tools. In this study, surface roughness of FDM tools are drastically reduced by a post processing technique called chemical treatment process. Surface finish was improved by filling the gap between layers by diffusion of parent material. Thus FDM made tools can be used as direct as well as indirect tools after the chemical treatment. Comparative study was made between Silicon Rubber Moulding and FDM Tooling towards the cost, time, life of mould, quality and feasibility aspects. It was found that FDM tooling is more economical, easy to use, reduced cycle time, improved quality, long life of mould and more feasibility towards complex parts etc.

Performance and Analysis of Silicon Mixed Kerosene Servotherm in EDM of Monel 400

2015 ◽  
Vol 766-767 ◽  
pp. 674-680
Author(s):  
P. Karunakaran ◽  
J. Arun ◽  
V. Palanisamy ◽  
N.R.R. Anbusagar ◽  
P. Sengottuvel
Keyword(s):  
Surface Finish ◽  
Material Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Silicon Powder ◽  
Graphite Powder ◽  
Dielectric Medium ◽  
Tool Wear Rate ◽  
Good Surface ◽  
Good Surface Finish ◽  
Monel 400

Improving the Material Removal Rate (MRR), reduce Tool Wear Rate (TWR), achieve the good Surface Finish (SF) and Over Cut (OC) are very demanding in Electrical Discharging Machining (EDM). This paper focused on performance of Silicon powder mixed with kerosene servotherm dielectric medium in EDM of Monel 400. The optimum range of Silicon powder, Graphite powder 6g mixes with the dielectric medium of kerosene servotherm (75:25) were developed experimentally. It was reported slightly more MRR, very low TWR, better OC and good surface finish (SF) in Monel 400.

scholarly journals Molds with Advanced Materials for Carbon Fiber Manufacturing with 3D Printing Technology

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 3700
Author(s):  
Patrich Ferretti ◽  
Gian Maria Santi ◽  
Christian Leon-Cardenas ◽  
Marco Freddi ◽  
Giampiero Donnici ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Surface Finish ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Deposition Process ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Good Surface ◽  
Fiber Manufacturing

Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) 3D printing is the most widespread technology in additive manufacturing worldwide that thanks to its low costs, finished component applications, and the production process of other parts. The need for lighter and higher-performance components has led to an increased usage of polymeric matrix composites in many fields ranging from automotive to aerospace. The molds used to manufacture these components are made with different technologies, depending on the number of pieces to be made. Usually, they are fiberglass molds with a thin layer of gelcoat to lower the surface roughness and obtain a smooth final surface of the component. Alternatively, they are made from metal, thus making a single carbon fiber prototype very expensive due to the mold build. Making the mold using FDM technology can be a smart solution to reduce costs, but due to the layer deposition process, the roughness is quite high. The surface can be improved by reducing the layer height, but it is still not possible to reach the same degree of surface finish of metallic or gelcoat molds without the use of fillers. Thermoplastic polymers, also used in the FDM process, are generally soluble in specific solvents. This aspect can be exploited to perform chemical smoothing of the external surface of a component. The combination of FDM and chemical smoothing can be a solution to produce low-cost molds with a very good surface finish.

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