The Dynamic Modeling of PEMFC System for Automotive Application

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanggyu Kang ◽  
Kyoungdoug Min
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Thermal Management ◽  
Dynamic Modeling ◽  
Management System ◽  
Mass Conservation ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Automotive Application ◽  
Thermal Management System ◽  
Control Volumes

Water and thermal management are crucial factors in determining the performance of PEMFC for automotive application. In order to investigate the effect of cell humidity and temperature on the performance of PEMFC, a dynamic model of a PEMFC system for automotive application has been developed by using Matlab/Simulink®. The model is composed of a PEM unit cell, membrane humidifier, and thermal management system (TMS). At first, fuel and air are well hydrated by the shell and tube humidifier, then humidified fuel and air flow into the PEMFC for electrochemical reaction. PEMFC temperature was maintained at a constant level by the thermal management system. The active area of PEM model is 240 cm2. The cell was discretized into several control volumes in the through-plane to resolve energy balance and species diffusion. The membrane humidifier model is also discretized into three control volumes in the through-plane to resolve the mass conservation and energy balance. Fuel and air are hydrated by the diffusion of the water through the membrane. The thermal management system consists of radiator, fan and pump. De-ionized water cools down the temperature of PEMFC. In order to validate the model, the model was compared with a corresponding experiment. Comparison shows that simulation results are in good agreement with experiments. And the dynamic response of PEMFC with regard to the change of current was also investigated. The model is useful to elucidate the relationships between operating conditions such as air relative humidity, temperature, etc. It is expected that this dynamic modeling of PEMFC system can contribute to the design optimization of PEM fuel cell system for vehicle application.

scholarly journals System optimization of thermal management performance of fuel cell system for automobile

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (4 Part B) ◽  
pp. 2923-2931
Author(s):  
Wenfeng Bai ◽  
Caofeng He
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Thermal Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Surface Wind ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
System Optimization ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Thermal Management System ◽  
Bypass Valve

Vehicle fuel cell systems release a large amount of heat while generating electricity. The suitable thermal management system must be built to ensure system performance and reliability. Based on the analysis of the working principle of the vehicle fuel cell thermal management system, the paper establishes a control-oriented fuel cell thermal management. The stack, air cooler, hydrogen heat exchanger, bypass valve, heat sink, and cooling water circulating pump model are taking into account. System model, and the relationship between stack current, coolant flow rate, fin surface wind speed, bypass valve opening, and fuel cell temperature are in established in simulation experiments. The paper discusses their effects on system as a whole, air coolers, hydrogen heat exchangers, and the influence of the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the radiator. The simulation results can provide guidance and help to design the fuel cell thermal management control system.

scholarly journals Experimental studies of the thermal management system for an electric vehicle in the X-In-The-Loop environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 2061 (1) ◽  
pp. 012120
Author(s):  
R H Kurmaev ◽  
A A Umnitsyn
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Thermal Management ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Management System ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Traction Drive ◽  
Thermal Management System ◽  
The Cost

Abstract This article presents the experience of conducting experimental studies of the thermal management system (TMS) intended for the traction electric drive of an electric vehicle, which has each of its wheels driven by an in-wheel motor, in the X-In-the-Loop environment. The paper describes the experimental bench of the thermal management system, which makes it possible to simulate the operating conditions of the high-voltage components of the traction drive of an electric vehicle from the point of view of thermal-hydraulic characteristics. A brief description of the mathematical model used in real-time calculations during both local and collaborative experimental studies is given. The process of collaborative testing of the TMS of high-voltage components of the traction drive of an electric vehicle, in the X-In-the-Loop environment, as well as the results, is demonstrated. A similar approach used in the development of TMS allows increasing the efficiency of the system developed, by optimizing the control algorithm for the executive devices of the TMS, reducing the weight, as well as the overall dimensions of the components, and conducting a detailed analysis of each component. It is also worth noting that the use of collaborative experimental research in the X-In-the-Loop environment will reduce the cost of the experiment, as well as, ultimately, the cost of the product, since with such an approach there is no need for a real test object for each company engaged in the development of one or another electric.

scholarly journals CFD Analysis of a Notebook Computer Thermal Management Solution

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fidan S. Yalc¸ın ◽  
Cu¨neyt Sert ◽  
I˙lker Tarı
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Cfd Analysis ◽  
Pipe System ◽  
Notebook Computer ◽  
Thermal Management System ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd

The thermal management system of a commercially available notebook computer is investigated by using a commercial finite volume Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software. After taking the computer apart, all dimensions are measured and all major components are modeled as accurately as possible. Heat dissipation values and some characteristics of the components are obtained from the manufacturer’s specifications. Different heat dissipation paths utilized in the design are investigated. Two active fans and aluminum heat dissipation plates as well as the heat pipe system are modeled according to their exact specifications. Under different operating powers, adequacy of the existing thermal management system is observed. Average temperatures of the sides of the casing, the keyboard and the internal components are reported in the form of tables. Thermal resistance networks for five different operating conditions are obtained from the analysis of the CFD simulation results.

A Hydraulic Actuated Automotive Thermal Management System: Theory and Experiment

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peyton Frick ◽  
John Wagner ◽  
Parikshit Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Water Pump ◽  
Coolant Pump ◽  
Engine Cooling ◽  
Thermal Management System ◽  
Compact Size ◽  
Computer Controlled

The performance of engine cooling systems can be improved by replacing the traditional mechanical driven radiator fan and water pump assemblies with computer controlled components. The power requirements for electric servo-motors increase with larger cooling demands which necessitate larger motors and/or a distributed configuration. One solution may be the use of hydraulic-based components due to their high power density and compact size. This paper investigates a thermal management system that features a computer controlled hydraulic actuated automotive fan and water pump. A mathematical model was derived for the hydraulic and thermal system components. To experimentally study the concept, a hydraulic driven fan and coolant pump were integrated with electric immersion heaters and radiator to emulate a vehicle cooling system. The dynamic model exhibited a strong correlation with the experimental test data. For a series of operating profiles, the servo-solenoid proportional control valves successfully tracked prescribed temperature set points to demonstrate that a hydraulic cooling system can maintain engine operating conditions.

A Thermal Management System for a PEM Fuel Cell System in Commercial Vehicles

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong-Woo Ahn ◽  
Song-Yul Choe
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Thermal Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Cell System ◽  
State Feedback Control ◽  
Fuel Cell System ◽  
Commercial Vehicles ◽  
Coolant Pump ◽  
Thermal Management System

Polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell operating in commercial vehicles produces a relatively high amount of heat. In order for securing durable operations, the produced heat should be rejected to keep the temperature in the cell under the limit. High temperature increases the rate of electrochemical reactions and mobility of water vapor. However, a thermal stress imposing on the thin layers of catalysts and membranes can accelerate degradation processes. Therefore, proper design of a thermal management system (TMS) and the associated control is required for ensuring highly reliable and efficient operations of the system. A typical thermal circuit consisting of a radiator, a fan, a reservoir and a coolant pump has been used to reject the excessive heat from the fuel cell. However, the capability of heat rejection is limited by sizes of the components that cannot be employed in heavy duty vehicles. In this study, we used two coolant loops, where the inner circuit consists of a bypass valve, a heat exchanger, a reservoir and a water pump and the outer circuit includes a radiator, a fan, a reservoir and a coolant pump. A state feedback control for the two loops was designed. Objectives for the controls were to maintain the temperature at the set value and to reduce the parasitic loss of the system. The controllers were tested on a dynamic model of a stack developed in the laboratory. Included is analysis of dynamic performance of the designed controllers at multiple step currents and FUDS. As a result of the proposed thermal management system, the size of radiator and the capacity of the pumps for proposed design become 10% smaller than those for the typical one. In addition, the overall net power of the fuel cell system increases to 5%.

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