High Rotation Number Effects on Heat Transfer in a Rectangular (AR=2:1) Two Pass Channel

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Huh ◽  
Jiang Lei ◽  
Yao-Hsien Liu ◽  
Je-Chin Han
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Rotation Number ◽  
Rectangular Channel ◽  
Transfer Enhancement ◽  
First Passage ◽  
Test Channel ◽  
Buoyancy Parameter ◽  
Sharp Turn ◽  
First Pass

This paper experimentally investigated the rotational effects on heat transfer in a smooth two-pass rectangular channel (AR=2:1), which is applicable to the cooling passages in the mid portion of the gas turbine blade. The test channel has radially outward flow in the first passage and radially inward flow in the second passage after a 180° sharp turn. In the first passage, the flow is developing and heat transfer is increased compared to the fully developed case. Rotation slightly reduces the heat transfer on the leading surface and increases heat transfer on the trailing surface in the first pass. Heat transfer is highly increased by rotation in the turn portion of the first pass on both leading and trailing surfaces. Rotation increased heat transfer enhancement in the tip region up to a maximum Nu ratio (Nu/Nus) of 1.83. In the second passage, under rotating conditions, the leading surface experienced heat transfer enhancements above the stationary case while the trailing surface decreased. The current study has more than 4 times the range of the rotation number previously achieved for the 2:1 aspect ratio channel. The increased range of the rotation number and buoyancy parameter reached in this study are 0–0.45 and 0–0.8, respectively. The higher rotation number and buoyancy parameter have been correlated very well to predict the rotational heat transfer in the two-pass, 2:1 aspect ratio flow channel.

High Rotation Number Effects on Heat Transfer in a Rectangular (AR=2:1) Two-Pass Channel

2010 ◽  
Vol 133 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Huh ◽  
Jiang Lei ◽  
Yao-Hsien Liu ◽  
Je-Chin Han
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Rotation Number ◽  
Rectangular Channel ◽  
Transfer Enhancement ◽  
First Passage ◽  
Test Channel ◽  
Buoyancy Parameter ◽  
Sharp Turn ◽  
First Pass

This paper experimentally investigated the rotational effects on heat transfer in a smooth two-pass rectangular channel (AR=2:1), which is applicable to the cooling passages in the midportion of the gas turbine blade. The test channel has radially outward flow in the first passage and radially inward flow in the second passage after a 180 deg sharp turn. In the first passage, the flow is developing and heat transfer is increased compared with the fully developed case. Rotation slightly reduces the heat transfer on the leading surface and increases heat transfer on the trailing surface in the first pass. Heat transfer is highly increased by rotation in the turn portion of the first pass on both leading and trailing surfaces. Rotation increased heat transfer enhancement in the tip region up to a maximum Nu ratio (Nu/Nus) of 1.83. In the second passage, under rotating conditions, the leading surface experienced heat transfer enhancements above the stationary case while the trailing surface decreased. The current study has more than four times the range of the rotation number previously achieved for the 2:1 aspect ratio channel. The increased range of the rotation number and buoyancy parameter reached in this study are 0–0.45 and 0–0.8, respectively. The higher rotation number and buoyancy parameter have been correlated very well to predict the rotational heat transfer in the two-pass, 2:1 aspect ratio flow channel.

Effect of Rib Spacing on Heat Transfer in a Two-Pass Rectangular Channel (AR=1:4) With a Sharp Entrance at High Rotation Numbers

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Huh ◽  
Yao-Hsien Liu ◽  
Je-Chin Han ◽  
Sanjay Chopra
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Heat Transfer Enhancement ◽  
Rotation Number ◽  
Rectangular Channel ◽  
Transfer Enhancement ◽  
Sharp Bend ◽  
Buoyancy Parameter ◽  
First Pass ◽  
Rib Turbulators

The focus of the current study was to determine the effects of rib spacing on heat transfer in rotating 1:4 AR channels. In the current study, heat transfer experiments were performed in a two-pass, 1:4 aspect ratio channel, with a sharp bend entrance. The channel leading and trailing walls in the first pass and second pass utilized angled rib turbulators (45° to the mainstream flow). The rib height-to-hydraulic diameter ratio (e/Dh) was held constant at 0.078. The channel was oriented 90° to the direction of rotation. Three rib pitch-to-rib height ratios (P/e) were studied: P/e = 2.5, 5, and 10. Each ratio was tested at five Reynolds numbers: 10K, 15K, 20K, 30K and 40K. For each Reynolds number, experiments were conducted at five rotational speeds: 0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 rpm. Results showed that the sharp bend entrance has a significant effect on the first pass heat transfer enhancement. In the second pass, the rib spacing and rotation effect are reduced. The P/e = 10 case had the highest heat transfer enhancement based on total area, whereas the P/e = 2.5 had the highest heat transfer enhancement based on the projected area. The current study has extended the range of the rotation number (Ro) and local buoyancy parameter (Box) for a ribbed 1:4 aspect ratio channel up to 0.65 and 1.5, respectively. Correlations for predicting heat transfer enhancement, due to rotation, in the ribbed (P/e = 2.5, 5, and 10) 1:4 aspect ratio channel, based on the extended range of the rotation number and buoyancy parameter, are presented in the paper.

Heat Transfer in a Two-Pass Rectangular Channel (AR=1:4) Under High Rotation Numbers

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao-Hsien Liu ◽  
Michael Huh ◽  
Je-Chin Han ◽  
Sanjay Chopra
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Rotation Number ◽  
Rectangular Channel ◽  
Density Ratio ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
First Passage ◽  
Test Channel ◽  
Sharp Bend ◽  
Buoyancy Parameter ◽  
Sharp Turn

This paper experimentally investigated the rotational effects on heat transfer in a two-pass rectangular channel (AR=1:4), which is applicable to the channel near the leading edge of the gas turbine blade. The test channel has radially outward flow in the first passage through a redirected sharp-bend entrance and radially inward flow in the second passage after a 180deg sharp turn. In the first passage, rotation effects on heat transfer are reduced by the redirected sharp-bend entrance. In the second passage, under rotating conditions, both leading and trailing surfaces experienced heat transfer enhancements above the stationary case. Rotation greatly increased heat transfer enhancement in the tip region up to a maximum Nu ratio (Nu∕Nus) of 2.4. The objective of the current study is to perform an extended parametric study of the low rotation number (0–0.3) and low buoyancy parameter (0–0.2) achieved previously. By varying the Reynolds numbers (10,000–40,000), the rotational speeds (0–400rpm), and the density ratios (inlet density ratio=0.10–0.16), the increased range of the rotation number and buoyancy parameter reached in this study are 0–0.67 and 0–2.0, respectively. The higher rotation number and buoyancy parameter have been correlated very well to predict the rotational heat transfer in the two-pass, 1:4 aspect ratio flow channel.

Heat Transfer in a Two-Pass Rectangular Channel (AR=1:4) Under High Rotation Numbers

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao-Hsien Liu ◽  
Michael Huh ◽  
Je-Chin Han ◽  
Sanjay Chopra
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Rotation Number ◽  
Rectangular Channel ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Parameter Study ◽  
First Passage ◽  
Test Channel ◽  
Sharp Bend ◽  
Buoyancy Parameter ◽  
Sharp Turn

This paper experimentally investigated the rotational effects on heat transfer in a two-pass rectangular channel (AR=1:4), which is applicable to the channel near the leading edge of the gas turbine blade. The test channel has radially outward flow in the first passage through a re-directed sharp bend entrance and radially inward flow in the second passage after a 180° sharp turn. In the first passage, rotation effects on heat transfer are reduced by the re-directed sharp bend entrance. In the second passage, under rotating conditions, both leading and trailing surfaces experienced heat transfer enhancements above the stationary case. Rotation greatly increased heat transfer enhancement in the tip region up to a maximum Nu ratio (Nu/Nus) of 2.4. The objective of the current study is to perform an extended parameter study of the low rotation number (0–0.3) and low buoyancy parameter (0–0.2) achieved previously. By varying the Reynolds numbers (10000–40000) and the rotational speeds (0–400 rpm), the increased range of the rotation number and buoyancy parameter reached in this study are 0–0.67 and 0–1.9, respectively. The higher rotation number and buoyancy parameter have been correlated very well to predict the rotational heat transfer in the two-pass, 1:4 aspect ratio flow channel.

Effect of 45-Deg Rib Orientations on Heat Transfer in a Rotating Two-Pass Channel With Aspect Ratio From 4:1 to 2:1

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izzet Sahin ◽  
Andrew F. Chen ◽  
Chao-Cheng Shiau ◽  
Je-Chin Han ◽  
Robert Krewinkel
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Heat Transfer Enhancement ◽  
Rotation Number ◽  
Pressure Loss ◽  
Heat Transfer Analysis ◽  
Internal Cooling ◽  
Transfer Enhancement ◽  
First Passage

Abstract The internal cooling passages of gas turbine blades mostly have varying aspect ratios from one passage to another. However, there are limited data available in the open literature that used a reduced cross-section and aspect ratio, AR, after the tip turn. Therefore, the current study presents heat transfer and pressure drop of three different α = 45° profiled rib orientations, typical parallel (usual), reversed parallel (unusual), and criss-cross patterns in a rotating two-pass rectangular channel with AR = 4:1 and 2:1 in the first radially outward flow and second radially inward flow passages respectively. For each rib orientation, regional averaged heat transfer results are obtained for both the flow passages with the Reynolds number ranging from 10,000 to 70,000 for the first passage and 16000 to 114000 for the second passage with a rotational speed range of 0 rpm to 400 rpm. This results in the highest rotation number of 0.39 and 0.16 for the first and second passage respectively. The effects of rib orientation, aspect ratio variation, 180° tip turn, and rotation number on the heat transfer and pressure drop will be addressed. According to the results, for usual, unusual and criss-cross rib patterns, increasing rotation number causes the heat transfer to decrease on the leading surface and increase on the trailing surface for the first passage and vice versa for the second passage. Overall heat transfer enhancement of the usual and unusual rib patterns is higher than criss-cross one. In terms of the pressure losses, the criss-cross rib pattern has the lowest and the usual rib pattern has the highest-pressure loss coefficients. When pressure loss and heat transfer enhancement are both taken into account together, the criss-cross or unusual rib pattern might be an option to use in the internal cooling method. Therefore, the results can be useful for turbine blade internal cooling design and heat transfer analysis.

Heat Transfer Enhancement Induced by Cube- and Diamond-Shaped Block Arrays in Two-Pass High-Aspect Ratio Channels With a 180-Degree Turn

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavin Ganmol ◽  
Minking K. Chyu
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Heat Transfer Enhancement ◽  
High Aspect Ratio ◽  
Local Heat Transfer ◽  
Channel Height ◽  
Transfer Enhancement ◽  
Smooth Channel ◽  
Sharp Turn ◽  
First Pass

Described in this paper is an experimental investigation of the heat transfer and pressure characteristics in a high aspect ratio, (4.5:1 width-to-height), two-pass channel, with cube-shaped and diamond-shaped block arrays placed in both passes before and after a 180-degree sharp turn. Transient liquid crystal technique was applied to acquire detailed local heat transfer data on both the channel surfaces and the block elements. Reynolds number tested varies between 13000 and 28000. To further explore potential design alternatives for enhancement cooling, the effects of block height, ranging from 1/4, 1/2, 3/4 and full span of the channel height were also evaluated. Present results suggest that a staggered cube-array can enhance heat transfer rate up to 3.5 fold in the first pass and about 1.9 fold in the second pass, relative to the fully-developed smooth channel counterpart. For the corresponding diamond-shaped block array, the enhancement is 3.4 and 1.9 fold respectively. Even though the post-turn turbulence transport in the second pass is generally higher than that in the first pass, the effects of surface-block induced heat transfer enhancement in fact are less prominent in the post-turn region of the second pass. Pressure loss for diamond block arrays is generally higher than that of the corresponding cube-block arrays.

Effect of 45-deg Rib Orientations on Heat Transfer in a Rotating Two-Pass Channel With Aspect Ratio from 4:1 to 2:1

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Izzet Sahin ◽  
Andrew F Chen ◽  
Chao-Cheng Shiau ◽  
Je-Chin Han ◽  
Robert Krewinkel
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Heat Transfer Enhancement ◽  
Rotation Number ◽  
Pressure Loss ◽  
Heat Transfer Analysis ◽  
Internal Cooling ◽  
Transfer Enhancement ◽  
First Passage

Abstract The internal cooling passages of gas turbine blades mostly have varying aspect ratios from one passage to another. However, there are limited data available in the open literature that used a reduced cross section and aspect ratio (AR), after the tip turn. Therefore, the current study presents heat transfer and pressure drop of three different α = 45 deg profiled rib orientations, typical parallel (usual), reversed parallel (unusual), and crisscross patterns in a rotating two-pass rectangular channel with AR = 4:1 and 2:1 in the first radially outward flow and second radially inward flow passages, respectively. For each rib orientation, regional averaged heat transfer results are obtained for both the flow passages with the Reynolds number ranging from 10,000 to 70,000 for the first passage and 16,000 to 114,000 for the second passage with a rotational speed range of 0–400 rpm. This results in the highest rotation number of 0.39 and 0.16 for the first and second passage respectively. The effects of rib orientation, aspect ratio variation, 180-deg tip turn, and rotation number on the heat transfer and pressure drop will be addressed. According to the results, for usual, unusual and crisscross rib patterns, increasing rotation number causes the heat transfer to decrease on the leading surface and increase on the trailing surface for the first passage and vice versa for the second passage. The overall heat transfer enhancement of the usual and unusual rib patterns is higher than the crisscross one. In terms of the pressure losses, the crisscross rib pattern has the lowest and the usual rib pattern has the highest-pressure loss coefficients. When pressure loss and heat transfer enhancement are both taken into account together, the crisscross or unusual rib pattern might be an option to use in the internal cooling method. Therefore, the results can be useful for the turbine blade internal cooling design and heat transfer analysis.

Heat Transfer at High Rotation Numbers in a Two-Pass 4:1 Aspect Ratio Rectangular Channel With 45-Degree Skewed Ribs

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuguo Zhou ◽  
Sumanta Acharya
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Rotation Number ◽  
Rectangular Channel ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Channel Measurements ◽  
First Passage ◽  
Square Channel ◽  
Smooth Channel

Heat transfer measurements are reported for a rotating 4:1 aspect ratio (AR) coolant passage with ribs skewed 45 degree to the flow. The study covers Reynolds number (Re) in the range of 10,000–70,000, rotation number (Ro) in the range of 0–0.6, and density ratios (DR) between 0.1–0.2. These measurements are done in a rotating heat transfer rig utilizing segmented copper pieces that are individually heated, and thermocouples with slip rings providing the interface between the stationary and rotating frames. The results are compared with the published data obtained in a square channel with similar dimensionless rib-geometry parameters, and with the results obtained for a 4:1 AR smooth channel. As in a 1:1 AR channel, rotation enhances the heat transfer on the destabilized walls (inlet-trailing wall and outlet-leading wall), and decreases the heat transfer ratio on the stabilized walls (inlet-leading wall and outlet-trailing wall). However, the rotation-induced enhancement/degradation for the 4:1 rectangular channel is much weaker than that in the square ribbed channel, especially in the inlet (the first passage). The results on the inlet-leading wall are in contrast to that in the smooth channel with the same AR, where rotation causes heat transfer to increase along the inlet-leading wall at lower Reynolds number (Re = 10,000 and 20,000). Higher DR is observed to enhance the heat transfer on both ribbed walls in the inlet (the first passage) and the outlet (the second passage), but the DR effects are considerably weaker than those in a ribbed square channel. Measurements have also been parameterized with respect to the buoyancy parameter and results show the same general trends as those with respect to the rotation number. In addition, pressure drop measurements have been made and the thermal performance factor results are presented.

Heat Transfer at High Rotation Numbers in a Two-Pass 4:1 Aspect Ratio Rectangular Channel With 45deg Skewed Ribs

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuguo Zhou ◽  
Sumanta Acharya
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Rotation Number ◽  
Rectangular Channel ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Channel Measurements ◽  
First Passage ◽  
Square Channel ◽  
Smooth Channel

Heat transfer measurements are reported for a rotating 4:1 aspect ratio (AR) coolant passage with ribs skewed 45deg to the flow. The study covers Reynolds number (Re) in the range of 10,000–70,000, rotation number (Ro) in the range of 0–0.6, and density ratios (DR) between 0.1 and 0.2. These measurements are done in a rotating heat transfer rig utilizing segmented copper pieces that are individually heated, and thermocouples with slip rings providing the interface between the stationary and rotating frames. The results are compared with the published data obtained in a square channel with similar dimensionless rib-geometry parameters, and with the results obtained for a 4:1 AR smooth channel. As in a 1:1 AR channel, rotation enhances the heat transfer on the destabilized walls (inlet-trailing wall and outlet-leading wall), and decreases the heat transfer ratio on the stabilized walls (inlet-leading wall and outlet-trailing wall). However, the rotation-induced enhancement/degradation for the 4:1 rectangular channel is much weaker than that in the square ribbed channel, especially in the inlet (the first passage). The results on the inlet-leading wall are in contrast to that in the smooth channel with the same AR, where rotation causes heat transfer to increase along the inlet-leading wall at lower Reynolds number (Re=10,000 and 20,000). Higher DR is observed to enhance the heat transfer on both ribbed walls in the inlet (the first passage) and the outlet (the second passage), but the DR effects are considerably weaker than those in a ribbed square channel. Measurements have also been parameterized with respect to the buoyancy parameter and results show the same general trends as those with respect to the rotation number. In addition, pressure drop measurements have been made and the thermal performance factor results are presented.

Heat Transfer in a Rotating, Two-Pass, Variable Aspect Ratio Cooling Channel With Profiled V-Shaped Ribs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I-Lun Chen ◽  
Izzet Sahin ◽  
Lesley M. Wright ◽  
Je-Chin Han ◽  
Robert Krewinkel
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Heat Transfer Enhancement ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Channel Modeling ◽  
Cooling Channel ◽  
Transfer Enhancement ◽  
Rotation Numbers ◽  
First Pass ◽  
Rib Turbulators

Abstract The thermal performance of two V-type rib configurations is measured in a rotating, two-pass cooling channel. Modeling modern, high pressure, turbine blades, the cross-section of the cooling channel varies from the first pass to the second pass. The coolant travels radially outward in the rectangular first pass with an aspect ratio of 4:1. Near the tip region, the coolant turns 180°, and travels radially inward in a 2:1 rectangular channel. The serpentine passage is positioned such that both the first and second passes are oriented 90° to the direction of rotation. The leading and trailing surfaces of both the first and second pass of the channel are roughened with V-type rib turbulators. The thermal performance of two V-type configurations is measured in this two-pass channel. The first V-shaped configuration is similar to a traditional V-shaped turbulator with a narrow gap at the apex of the V. The configuration is modified by off-setting one leg of the V to create a staggered discrete, V-shaped configuration. The ribs are oriented 45° relative to the streamwise coolant direction. In both passes, the rib spacing is P/e = 10 and the rib height – to – channel height is e/H = 0.16. The heat transfer enhancement and frictional losses are measured for both rib configurations with varying Reynolds and rotation numbers. The Reynolds number varies from 10,000 to 45,000 in the AR = 4:1 first pass; this corresponds to 16,000 to 73,500 in the AR = 2:1 second pass. Considering the effect of rotation, the rotational speed of the channel varies from 0–400 rpm with maximum rotation numbers of 0.39 and 0.16 in the first and second passes, respectively. The heat transfer enhancement on both the leading and trailing surfaces of the first pass of the 45° V-shaped channel is slightly reduced with rotation. In the second pass, the heat transfer increases on the leading surface while it decreases on the trailing surface. The 45° staggered, discrete V-shaped ribs provide increased heat transfer and thermal performance compared to the traditional V-shaped and standard, 45° angled rib turbulators.

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