Study of the Influence of the Nominal Power on the Selection of the CCGT Power Plant Optimum Configuration Including Supercritical Configurations

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Duran ◽  
A. Rovira
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Optimization Technique ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Plant Design ◽  
Economic Optimization ◽  
Optimum Configuration

It is the purpose of this work to show how to select the best configuration as a function of the combined cycle power. It uses thermo-economic optimization technique based on flexible genetic algorithms (GA). These results will be based on a Thermoeconomic model developed in previous works, this maximizes the cash flow by choosing the correct parameters for the plant design — particularly those corresponding to the HRSG — subject to the restriction that hypothetical, but realistic turbines have already been chosen. This study begins with an analysis of the trends in the commercial gas turbines (GT) design. It was observed that in spite of the diverse companies, the design parameters as well as the turbine cost, follow certain trends depending on the turbine power. When a CCGT power plant is planned, once the GT is selected, is necessary to determine which configuration of the HRSG is the most appropriate in order to get the maximum performance and the best economical results. There is a wide variety of selections of CCGT power plants configurations. To facilitate the analysis of this ample number of CCGT systems we will apply our study to the following types of HRSG: Double pressure with and without reheater, Triple pressure levels with reheater and Triple pressure levels with reheater and supercritical pressure. As a result of this study it may be observed that some design trends should be established so as to decide which configuration (including supercritical cycles) is better to select to specific power.

Advanced Bottoming Cycle Optimisation for Large Alstom CCPP

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Vollmer ◽  
Camille Pedretti ◽  
Alexander Ni ◽  
Manfred Wirsum
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Economic Plant ◽  
Plant Design ◽  
Investment Cost ◽  
Definition Of

This paper presents the fundamentals of an evolutionary, thermo-economic plant design methodology, which enables an improved and customer-focused optimization of the bottoming cycle of a large Combined Cycle Power Plant. The new methodology focuses on the conceptual design of the CCPP applicable to the product development and the pre-acquisition phase. After the definition of the overall plant configuration such as the number of gas turbines used, the type of main cooling system and the related fix investment cost, the CCPP is optimized towards any criteria available in the process model (e.g. lowest COE, maximum NPV/IRR, highest net efficiency). In view of the fact that the optimization is performed on a global plant level with a simultaneous hot- and cold- end optimization, the results clearly show the dependency of the HRSG steam parameters and the related steam turbine configuration on the definition of the cold end (Air Cooled Condenser instead of Direct Cooling). Furthermore, competing methods for feedwater preheating (HRSG recirculation, condensate preheating or pegging steam), different HRSG heat exchanger arrangements as well as applicable portfolio components are automatically evaluated and finally selected. The developed process model is based on a fixed superstructure and copes with the full complexity of today’s bottoming cycle configurations as well with any constraints and design rules existing in practice. It includes a variety of component modules that are prescribed with their performance characteristics, design limitations and individual cost. More than 100 parameters are used to directly calculate the overall plant performance and related investment cost. Further definitions on payment schedule, construction time, operation regime and consumable cost results in a full economic life cycle calculation of the CCPP. For the overall optimization the process model is coupled to an evolutionary optimizer, whereas around 60 design parameters are used within predefined bounds. Within a single optimization run more than 100’000 bottoming cycle configurations are calculated in order to find the targeted optimum and thanks to today’s massive parallel computing resources, the solution can be found over night. Due to the direct formulation of the process model, the best cycle configuration is a result provided by the optimizer and can be based on a single-, dual or triple pressure system using non-reheat, reheat or double reheat configuration. This methodology enables to analyze also existing limitations and characteristics of the key components in the process model and assists to initiate new developments in order to constantly increase the value for power plant customers.

The Effect of Alternative Turbine Cooling Schemes on the Performance of Utility Gas Turbine Powerplants

1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Cohn ◽  
Mark Waters
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Heat Rate ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Cooling Effectiveness ◽  
Turbine Cooling ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Systems Studies

It is important that the requirements and cycle penalties related to the cooling of high temperature turbines be thoroughly understood and accurately factored into cycle analyses and power plant systems studies. Various methods used for the cooling of high temperature gas turbines are considered and cooling effectiveness curves established for each. These methods include convection, film and transpiration cooling using compressor bleed and/or discharge air. In addition, the effects of chilling the compressor discharge cooling gas are considered. Performance is developed to demonstrate the impact of the turbine cooling schemes on the heat rate and specific power of Combined–Cycle power plants.

Thermoeconomic Study of a Small Parabolic Trough Solar Plant

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Duran ◽  
E. A. Rinco´n ◽  
M. Sa´nchez
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Optimization Model ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Pressure Level ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Parabolic Trough ◽  
Solar Plant ◽  
Solar Power Plants

This work describes the thermoeconomic study of an integrated combined cycle parabolic trough power plant. The parabolic trough plant will economize boiler activity, and thus the thermoeconomic optimization of the configuration of the boiler, including the parabolic trough plant, will be achieved. The objective is to obtain the optimum design parameters for the boiler and the size of the parabolic field. The proposal is to apply the methodology employed by Duran [1] and Valde´s et. al. [2], but with the inclusion of the parabolic trough plant into the optimization problem. It is important to point out that the optimization model be applied to a single pressure level configuration. For future works, it is proposed that the same model be applied to different configurations of integrated combined cycle solar power plants. As a result the optimum thermoeconomic design will be obtained for a parabolic trough plant used to economize the HRSG.

300 MW Combined-Cycle Plant With Integrated Coal Gasification

1984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf H. Kehlhofer
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Combined Cycle Plant ◽  
The Individual

In the past 15 years the combined-cycle (gas/steam turbine) power plant has come into its own in the power generation market. Today, approximately 30 000 MW of power are already installed or being built as combined-cycle units. Combined-cycle plants are therefore a proven technology, showing not only impressive thermal efficiency ratings of up to 50 percent in theory, but also proving them in practice and everyday operation (1) (2). Combined-cycle installations can be used for many purposes. They range from power plants for power generation only, to cogeneration plants for district heating or combined cycles with maximum additional firing (3). The main obstacle to further expansion of the combined cycle principle is its lack of fuel flexibility. To this day, gas turbines are still limited to gaseous or liquid fuels. This paper shows a viable way to add a cheap solid fuel, coal, to the list. The plant system in question is a 2 × 150 MW combined-cycle plant of BBC Brown Boveri with integrated coal gasification plant of British Gas/Lurgi. The main point of interest is that all the individual components of the power plant described in this paper have proven their worth commercially. It is therefore not a pilot plant but a viable commercial proposition.

Graph Theoretic Analysis of Advance Combined Cycle Power Plants Alternatives With Latest Gas Turbines

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikhil Dev ◽  
Gopal Krishan Goyal ◽  
Rajesh Attri ◽  
Naresh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Turbine Engines ◽  
Steam Generation ◽  
Graph Theoretic ◽  
Early Decision

In the present work, graph theory and matrix method is used to analyze some of the heat recovery possibilities with the newly available gas turbine engines. The schemes range from dual pressure heat recovery steam generation systems, to triple pressure systems with reheat in supercritical steam conditions. From the developed methodology, result comes out in the form of a number called as index. A real life operating Combined Cycle Power Plant (CCPP) is a very large and complex system. Efficiency of its components and sub-systems are closely intertwined and insuperable without taking the effect of others. For the development of methodology, CCPP is divided into six sub-systems in such a way that no sub-system is independent. Digraph for the interdependencies of sub-system is organized and converted into matrix form for easy computer processing. The results obtained with present methodology are in line with the results available in literature. The methodology is developed with a view that power plant managers can take early decision for selection, improvements and comparison, amongst the various options available, without having in-depth knowledge of thermodynamics analysis.

Power Augmentation Technologies for Gas Turbines: Alternatives for an Existing Simple Cycle Power Plant in Peru

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar Celis ◽  
Sergio Peralta ◽  
Walter Galarza
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Simple Cycle ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Environmental Implications ◽  
Augmentation Techniques ◽  
Type Power

Abstract The influence of different power augmentation techniques used in gas turbines on the performance of simple cycle type power plants is assessed in this work. A computational model and tool realistically describing the performance of a typical simple cycle type power plant at design and off-design point conditions is initially developed. This tool is complemented with different models of power augmentation technologies. Finally, the whole model including both power plant and power augmentation techniques is used to analyze a case study involving a particular power plant in Peru. The results from the simulations of the specific power plant indicate that power output can be increased through all the evaluated power augmentation technologies. These results show indeed that technologies based on absorption refrigeration systems produce the largest gains in terms of power output (7.1%) and thermal efficiency (0.7%). Such results confirm the suitability of these systems for simple cycle type power plant configurations operating under hot and humid operating conditions as those accounted for here. From an economic perspective, considering the net present value as the key parameter defining the feasibility of a project in this category, power augmentation techniques based on absorption cooling systems result also the most suitable ones for the studied power plant. Power augmentation techniques environmental implications are also quantified in terms of CO2 emissions.

Challenges in Designing and Building a 700 MW All-Air-Cooled Steam Electric Power Plant

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. Langaker ◽  
Christopher Hamker ◽  
Ralph Wyndrum
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Plant Design ◽  
Auxiliary Equipment ◽  
Turbine Generator ◽  
Plant Equipment ◽  
Dry Cooling

Large natural gas fired combined cycle electric power plants, while being an increasingly efficient and cost effective technology, are traditionally large consumers of water resources, while also discharging cooling tower blowdown at a similar rate. Water use is mostly attributed to the heat rejection needs of the gas turbine generator, the steam turbine generator, and the steam cycle condenser. Cooling with air, i.e. dry cooling, instead of water can virtually eliminate the environmental impact associated with water usage. Commissioned in the fall of 2010 with this in mind, the Halton Hills Generating Station located in the Greater Toronto West Area, Ontario, Canada, is a nominally-rated 700 Megawatt combined cycle electric generating station that is 100 percent cooled using various air-cooled heat exchangers. The resulting water consumption and wastewater discharge of this power plant is significantly less than comparably sized electric generating plants that derive cooling from wet methods (i.e, evaporative cooling towers). To incorporate dry cooling into such a power plant, it is necessary to consider several factors that play important roles both during plant design as well as construction and commissioning of the plant equipment, including the dry cooling systems. From the beginning a power plant general arrangement and space must account for dry cooling’s increase plot area requirements; constraints therein may render air cooling an impossible solution. Second, air cooling dictates specific parameters of major and auxiliary equipment operation that must be understood and coordinated upon purchase of such equipment. Until recently traditional wet cooling has driven standard designs, which now, in light of dry cooling’s increase in use, must be re-evaluated in full prior to purchase. Lastly, the construction and commissioning of air-cooling plant equipment is a significant effort which demands good planning and execution.

Development of Next Generation Gas Turbine Combined Cycle System

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Yamazaki ◽  
Yoshiaki Nishimura ◽  
Masahiro Abe ◽  
Kazumasa Takata ◽  
Satoshi Hada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Air Cooling System ◽  
Forced Air ◽  
Cooling Air

Tohoku Electric Power Company, Inc. (Tohoku-EPCO) has been adopting cutting-edge gas turbines for gas turbine combined cycle (GTCC) power plants to contribute for reduction of energy consumption, and making a continuous effort to study the next generation gas turbines to further improve GTCC power plants efficiency and flexibility. Tohoku-EPCO and Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems, Ltd (MHPS) developed “forced air cooling system” as a brand-new combustor cooling system for the next generation GTCC system in a collaborative project. The forced air cooling system can be applied to gas turbines with a turbine inlet temperature (TIT) of 1600deg.C or more by controlling the cooling air temperature and the amount of cooling air. Recently, the forced air cooling system verification test has been completed successfully at a demonstration power plant located within MHPS Takasago Works (T-point). Since the forced air cooling system has been verified, the 1650deg.C class next generation GTCC power plant with the forced air cooling system is now being developed. Final confirmation test of 1650deg.C class next generation GTCC system will be carried out in 2020.

Development of the Transpiration Air-Cooled Turbine for High-Temperature Dirty Gas Streams

1983 ◽  
Vol 105 (4) ◽  
pp. 821-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Wolf ◽  
S. Moskowitz
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Skin Permeability ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Initial Exposure ◽  
Flow Capacity

Studies of combined cycle electic power plants have shown that increasing the firing temperature and pressure ratio of the gas turbine can substantially improve the specific power output of the gas turbine as well as the combined cycle plant efficiency. Clearly this is a direction in which we can proceed to conserve the world’s dwindling petroleum fuel supplies. Furthermore, tomorrow’s gas turbines must do more than operate at higher temperature; they will likely face an aggressive hot gas stream created by the combustion of heavier oils or coal-derived liquid or gaseous fuels. Extensive tests have been performed on two rotating turbine rigs, each with a transpiration air cooled turbine operating in the 2600 to 3000°F (1427 to 1649°C) temperature range at increasing levels of gas stream particulates and alkali metal salts to simulate operation on coal-derived fuel. Transpiration air cooling was shown to be effective in maintaining acceptable metal temperatures, and there was no evidence of corrosion, erosion, or deposition. The rate of transpiration skin cooling flow capacity exhibited a minor loss in the initial exposure to the particulate laden gas stream of less than 100 hours, but the flow reduction was commensurate with that produced by normal oxidation of the skin material at the operating temperatures of 1350°F (732°C). The data on skin permeability loss from both cascade and engine tests compared favorably with laboratory furnace oxidation skin specimens. To date, over 10,000 hr of furnace exposure has been conducted. Extrapolation of the data to 50,000 hr indicates the flow capacity loss would produce an acceptable 50°F (10°C) increase in skin operating temperature.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Comparative Efficiency of CCGT in Variable Modes

2021 ◽  
Vol 2096 (1) ◽  
pp. 012123
Author(s):  
M V Garievskii
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Service Life ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Cost Of Electricity ◽  
Comparative Efficiency ◽  
Main Equipment ◽  
Prime Cost ◽  
Efficient Power

Abstract The purpose of the research is to select the priorities for the development of various types of power plants and to substantiate the structure of generating capacities. An improved method has been developed for the selection of priorities for the development of various types of power plants, taking into account the service life and economic performance of the main equipment of power plants in variable modes based on equivalent operating hours. The influence of variable modes of combined-cycle gas installations on the service life of the main equipment (steam and gas turbines) is studied. The comparative efficiency of CCGT-450 in variable modes is calculated, taking into account the wear of the main equipment. As a result of calculations, it was found that with the minimum forecast prices for natural gas, the most efficient power plant (among those considered) is combined cycle power plant, which provides the lowest prime cost of electricity when operating in the base mode and the least increase in the prime cost of electricity when operating in an alternating mode.

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