An Electrochemical Model Based Optimal Charging Algorithm for Lithium-Ion Batteries

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sourav Pramanik ◽  
Sohel Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Optimization Problems ◽  
Optimal Algorithm ◽  
Algorithm Design ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Cell Voltage ◽  
Realistic Model ◽  
Constant Current ◽  
Battery Management System ◽  
Model Based

In recent years, Lithium-Ion battery has gathered lot of importance in many forms of energy storage applications due to its overwhelming benefits. Any battery pack alone cannot achieve its optimal performance unless there is a robust and efficient energy management system, commonly known as battery management system or BMS. The Lithium-Ion charger is a voltage-limiting device that is similar to the lead acid system. The difference lies in a higher cell voltage; tighter voltage tolerance and the absence of trickle or float charge at full charge. In this work, we propose the design of a novel optimal strategy for charging the battery that better suits the battery performance. A performance index is defined that aims at minimizing the effort of regeneration along with a minimum deviation from the rated maximum thresholds for cell temperature and charging current. A more realistic model based on battery electrochemistry is used for the optimal algorithm design as opposed to equivalent circuit models. To solve the optimization problem, Pontryagin’s principle is used which is very effective for constrained optimization problems with both state and input constraints. Simulation results show that the proposed optimal charging algorithm is capable of shortening the charging time of a Lithium Ion cell while maintaining the temperature constraint when compared with the standard constant current charging.

scholarly journals System protection for lithium-ion batteries management system: a review

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1184 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Rimon ◽  
Khairul Safuan Muhammad ◽  
S.I. Sulaiman ◽  
AM Omar
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Cell Voltage ◽  
Battery Management System ◽  
Battery Management ◽  
Battery Cell ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
System Protection ◽  
Faulty Cell

<span>Robustness of a battery management system (BMS) is a crucial issue especially in critical application such as medical or military. Failure of BMS will lead to more serious safety issues such as overheating, overcharging, over discharging, cell unbalance or even fire and explosion. BMS consists of plenty sensitive electronic components and connected directly to battery cell terminal. Consequently, BMS exposed to high voltage potential across the BMS terminal if a faulty cell occurs in a pack of Li-ion battery. Thus, many protection techniques have been proposed since last three decades to protect the BMS from fault such as open cell voltage fault, faulty cell, internal short circuit etc. This paper presents a review of a BMS focuses on the protection technique proposed by previous researcher. The comparison has been carried out based on circuit topology and fault detection technique</span>

scholarly journals Battery management system on electric bike using Lithium-Ion 18650

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1529
Author(s):  
Soeprapto Soeprapto ◽  
Rini Nur Hasanah ◽  
Taufik Taufik
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Cell Voltage ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Battery Management System ◽  
Battery Management ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Electric Bike

<span>Electric bike (E-Bike) is a bicycle driven using an electric motor and uses batteries as the energy source. It is environmentally friendly as no exhaust gas is resulted during its operation. More than one battery is normally required, being arranged in series or in parallel connection. Over limit or overloaded conditions of battery usage will reduce the lifecycle of battery, speed up its replacement and add to the maintenance cost of electric bike. This paper proposes the prevention of such degrading condition using a tool to manage the battery usage both during the charging and discharging process. The proposed electronic Battery Management System (BMS) serves to regulate, monitor, and maintain the condition of batteries to prevent any possible damage. The resulted BMS design could provide a well balancing action in a battery system consisting of 13 cells utilizing the cell-to-cell active balancing method. The test results showed that the proposed BMS could monitor the individual cell voltage with an average error of 0.032 V (0.824</span><span lang="IN">%</span><span>), while reading the charge and discharge current with an average error of 0.04 A (</span><span lang="IN">6.25%</span><span>), and the battery pack temperature with an average error of 1.21<sup>o</sup>C (</span><span lang="IN">2.9%</span><span>). Additionally, the BMS could offer a functional battery pack protection system from conditions such as undervoltage, overvoltage, overheat, and overcurrent.</span>

Model-Based Development of Algorithms for a Battery-Management System

2015 ◽  
Vol 220-221 ◽  
pp. 401-406
Author(s):  
Waldemar Diehl ◽  
Florian Quantmeyer ◽  
Xiao Bo Liu-Henke
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Batteries ◽  
Management System ◽  
Supply Voltage ◽  
Cell Voltage ◽  
Internal Resistance ◽  
Battery Management System ◽  
Battery Management ◽  
Model Based ◽  
A Cell ◽  
The Individual

Due to their high power density and volumetric energy, lithium batteries are increasingly being employed as the source of energy in vehicles and mobile devices. Often, however, the individual cells have to be series-connected in order to reach the required supply voltage. As these cells, due to different production conditions, inevitably will differ in parameters (capacity, internal resistance, etc.), the result will be varying states of charge in these cells during operation. Because lithium batteries are damageable by a cell voltage that is either too high or too low, it is impossible to assure safe operation of the battery pack. So, in order to make lithium batteries operate safely, a battery management system is employed. Our contribution is about generating and applying a simulation model for the model-based development of functions for this battery-management system.

scholarly journals Development of Life-cycle Detection and Extending Function for Reusing Automotive Lithium-ion Battery – Verified in 52V LiMnNiCoO2 Platform

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wu-Yang Sean ◽  
Ana Pacheco
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Management System ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Battery Management System ◽  
Battery Management ◽  
Cycle Detection

Abstract For reusing automotive lithium-ion battery, an in-house battery management system is developed. To overcome the issues of life cycle and capacity of reused battery, an online function of estimating battery’s internal resistance and open-circuit voltage based on adaptive control theory are applied for monitoring life cycle and remained capacity of battery pack simultaneously. Furthermore, ultracapacitor is integrated in management system for sharing peak current to prolong life span of reused battery pack. The discharging ratio of ultracapacitor is adjusted manually under Pulse-Width-Modulation signal in battery management system. In case study in 52V LiMnNiCoO2 platform, results of estimated open-circuit voltage and internal resistances converge into stable values within 600(s). These two parameters provide precise estimation for electrical capacity and life cycle. It also shows constrained voltage drop both in the cases of 25% to 75% of ultracapacitors discharging ratio compared with single battery. Consequently, the Life-cycle detection and extending functions integrated in battery management system as a total solution for reused battery are established and verified.

scholarly journals Designing of Lithium - Ion Battery Pack Rechargeable on a Hybrid System with Battery Management System (BMS) for DC Loads of Low Power Applications – A Prototype Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 2089 (1) ◽  
pp. 012017
Author(s):  
Ramu Bhukya ◽  
Praveen Kumar Nalli ◽  
Kalyan Sagar Kadali ◽  
Mahendra Chand Bade
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Management System ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Prototype Model ◽  
Battery Management System ◽  
Battery Management ◽  
Li Ion Batteries ◽  
Li Ion

Abstract Now a days, Li-ion batteries are quite possibly the most exceptional battery-powered batteries; these are drawing in much consideration from recent many years. M Whittingham first proposed lithium-ion battery technology in the 1970s, using titanium sulphide for the cathode and lithium metal for the anode. Li-ion batteries are the force to be reckoned with for the advanced electronic upset in this cutting-edge versatile society, solely utilized in cell phones and PC computers. A battery is a Pack of cells organized in an arrangement/equal association so the voltage can be raised to the craving levels. Lithium-ion batteries, which are completely utilised in portable gadgets & electric vehicles, are the driving force behind the digital technological revolution in today’s mobile societies. In order to protect and maintain voltage and current of the battery with in safe limit Battery Management System (BMS) should be used. BMS provides thermal management to the battery, safeguarding it against over and under temperature and also during short circuit conditions. The battery pack is designed with series and parallel connected cells of 3.7v to produce 12v. The charging and releasing levels of the battery pack is indicated by interfacing the Arduino microcontroller. The entire equipment is placed in a fiber glass case (looks like aquarium) in order to protect the battery from external hazards to design an efficient Lithium-ion battery by using Battery Management System (BMS). We give the supply to the battery from solar panel and in the absence of this, from a regular AC supply.

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