Experimental Research on Damages Detection of Pipeline Structure by Using PZT-Based Waves

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi Yan ◽  
Binbin He ◽  
Naizhi Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Damage Detection ◽  
Lead Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Arrival Time ◽  
Mode Conversion ◽  
Guided Wave ◽  
The Other ◽  
Damage Location ◽  
The Waves ◽  
Peak Value

Pipeline structure may generate damages during its service life due to the influence of environment or accidental loading. The damages need to be detected and repaired if they are severe enough to influence the transportation work. Non-destructive detection using smart materials combined with suitable diagonal algorithms are widely used in the field of structural health monitoring (SHM). Piezoelectric ceramics (such as Lead Zirconate Titanate, PZT) is one of the smart materials to be applied in the SHM due to the piezoelectric effect. So far, the PZT-based wave method is widely used for damage detection of structures, in particular, pipeline structures. A series of piezoelectric patches are bonded on the surface of the pipeline structure to monitor the damages such as local crack or effective area reduction due to corrosion by using diagonal waves. The damage of the pipeline structure can be detected by analysis of the received diagonal waves which peak value, phase, and arriving time can be deferent from the health ones. The response of the diagonal wave is not only correlated to the damage location through estimation of the arrival time of the wave peak, but also associated with the peak value of the wave for the reduction of wave energy as the guided wave passing through the damages. Therefore, the presence of damages in the pipeline structure can be detected by investigating the parameter change of the guided waves. The change of the wave parameters represents the attenuation, deflection and mode conversion of the waves due to the damages. In addition, the guided wave has the ability of quick detecting the damage of the pipeline structure and the simplicity of generating and receiving detection waves by using PZT patches. To verify the proposed method, an experiment is designed and tested by using a steel pipe bonded the PZT patches on the surface of it. The PZT patches consist of an array to estimate the location and level of the damage which is simulated by an artificial notch on the surface of the structure. The several locations and deep heights of the notches are considered during the test. A pair of the PZT patches are used at the same time as one is used as an actuator and the other as a sensor, respectively. A tone burst of 5 cycles of wave shape is used during the experiment. A wave generator is applied to create the proposed waves, and the waves are amplified by an amplifier to actuate the PZT patch to emit the diagonal waves with appropriately enough energy. Meanwhile, the other PZT patch is used as a sensor to receive the diagonal signals which contain the information of the damages for processing. For data processing, an index of root mean square deviation (RMSD) of the received data is used to estimate the damage level by compare of the data between the damaged and the health peak valves of the received signals. The time reversal method which aimed at increasing the efficiency of the detection is also used to detect the damage location by estimating the arrival time of the reflected wave passing with a certain velocity. The proposed method experimentally validates that it is effective for application in damage detection of pipeline structure.

Circumference Damage Identification in a Pipe Using Mode Conversion of Longitudinal Guided Wave

2013 ◽  
Vol 395-396 ◽  
pp. 787-791
Author(s):  
Jing Wu ◽  
Wei Wei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Damage Detection ◽  
Damage Identification ◽  
Mode Conversion ◽  
Guided Wave ◽  
Symmetric Mode ◽  
Axially Symmetric ◽  
Mode Transformation ◽  
Damage Location

This paper aims to develop a method to identify the damage location in circumference direction of a pipe using mode transformation of longitudinal guided wave. The corrosion-like damage in bimetal pipe is considered. Case study that damage detection for a bimetal pipe is used to show the validity and advantage of the proposed method. It can be found that the axially symmetric mode guided wave encounter the damage and the three modes were received in reflection. The damage location in circumferential directions could be identified by conversed modes measured at one position. The simulation shows a good performance.

Диагностика ударных повреждений монолитных и сотовых углепластиков с помощью ультразвуковых волн Лэмба

2021 ◽  
pp. 33-43
Author(s):  
М.В. Бурков ◽  
А.В. Еремин ◽  
А.В. Бяков ◽  
П.С. Любутин ◽  
С.В. Панин
Keyword(s):  
Damage Detection ◽  
Impact Energy ◽  
Cross Correlation ◽  
Lamb Waves ◽  
Impact Damage ◽  
Damage Index ◽  
The Other ◽  
State Testing ◽  
Accurate Data ◽  
Damage Location

The paper presents the results on Lamb waves based technique for impact damage detection and severity identification. The PZT network operates in the round-robin mode changing the actuator and sensor roles of the transducers in order to detect the response of the system in the presence of damage. The monitoring is performed via the analysis of three parameters: change of the amplitude (dA), change of the energy (dP) and cross-correlation (NCC) of the signals in baseline and damaged state. Testing of laminate CFRPs shows that the damage location is estimated within the 5–15 mm error, while the computed Damage index linearly is dependent on the applied impact energy. For honeycomb CFRPs the NCC parameter do not provide accurate results, however, the other parameters allow identification within the 5–20 mm error and reflect accurate data on the severity of the damage.

Guided wave propagation in high-speed train axle and damage detection based on wave mode conversion

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 1133-1147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fucai Li ◽  
Xuewei Sun ◽  
Jianxi Qiu ◽  
Limin Zhou ◽  
Hongguang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wave Propagation ◽  
Damage Detection ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Mode Conversion ◽  
Wave Mode ◽  
Guided Wave ◽  
High Speed Train ◽  
Guided Wave Propagation

Direct-write piezoelectric coating transducers in combination with discrete ceramic transducer and laser pulse excitation for ultrasonic impact damage detection on composite plates

2021 ◽  
pp. 147592172110407
Author(s):  
Marilyne Philibert ◽  
Shuting Chen ◽  
Voon-Kean Wong ◽  
Weng Heng Liew ◽  
Kui Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Damage Detection ◽  
Lead Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Impact Damage ◽  
Mode Selection ◽  
Guided Wave ◽  
Yttrium Aluminium Garnet ◽  
Direct Write ◽  
Adhesively Bonded ◽  
Complex Signals ◽  
Efficient Detection

In this work, direct-write piezoelectric transducers (DWTs) were made by spraying piezoelectric poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) coating with comb-shaped electrodes on carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) plates for drop weight impact damage detection. Their ability and performance were investigated and compared to discrete piezoelectric lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramic transducers that were adhesively bonded on the same CFRP plate. Guided wave signals were acquired with different combinations of actuator-sensor involving DWT, PZT and laser ultrasonic excitation, in pitch-catch configuration. DWTs allowed consistency and simplified signal interpretation due to an effective mode selection (A0 or S0 mode) with wavelengths of 10 and 12 mm. PZTs generated stronger but much more complex signals and mode selection with a larger wavelength (20 mm). The configuration with PZT as actuator and DWT as receiver showed the highest signal amplitude changes of A0 or S0 mode, allowing efficient detection of damage introduced by a 31 J impact. Further ultrasonic B- and C-scans revealed a 27 mm long crack on the plate’s backside developed in addition to internal cracks and delaminations of about 34 mm in length. For realizing contactless ultrasound excitation, a neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet laser (wavelength of 1064 nm, 5.4 ns pulses) was used to replace the surface-mounted brittle PZT. The combination of the broadband laser excitation with the DWTs as sensors achieved more reliable damage detection than equivalent PZTs, attributed to DWT’s effective single mode selection. In addition to reduced weight, the polymeric coated DWTs allow large area implementation (scaling up), even on curved surfaces due to their flexibility and conformability, in contrast to adhesively bonded discrete transducers.

DAMAGE DETECTION OF TRUSS-LIKE STRUCTURES USING WAVELET TRANSFORMS

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 1165-1170 ◽  
Author(s):  
GAO-PING WANG ◽  
YONG HONG ◽  
DONG-PYO HONG ◽  
YOUNG-MOON KIM
Keyword(s):  
Damage Detection ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Wavelet Transforms ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Guided Wave ◽  
Numerical Results ◽  
Truss Structures ◽  
Complex Structures ◽  
Detection Capabilities ◽  
Methods Numerical

This study deals with the application of wavelet transforms to the damage detection of truss-like structures. The principles of damage detection by using the wavelet transforms are interpreted and the damage detection capabilities of wave transforms for cracks are demonstrated by numerical and experimental methods. Numerical simulation in combination with the wavelet transforms provides reliable numerical results and the guided wave method using smart materials enables the experimental verification of the numerical results. The basic component elements of truss structures, i.e., beams, are studied first, and subsequently complex structures are considered. The information extracted from the simulation data by using the wavelet transforms shows considerably accurate signatures for localization of damages. In particular, the study considers the influence of structural discontinuities and loading points on damage detection of crack localization. The information extracted from the signal by using the numerical and experimental methods employing the wavelet transforms shows the robustness of the methods in detecting damages in simple and complex structures.

Guided wave‐based cable damage detection using wave energy transmission and reflection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi‐Feng Tang ◽  
Xiao‐Dong Sui ◽  
Yuan‐Feng Duan ◽  
Peng‐fei Zhang ◽  
Chung Bang Yun
Keyword(s):  
Damage Detection ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
Guided Wave ◽  
Energy Transmission ◽  
Cable Damage ◽  
Transmission And Reflection

scholarly journals Longitudinal Guided Wave Inspection of Small-Diameter Elbowed Steel Tubes with a Novel Squirrel-Cage Magnetostrictive Sensor

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Yao Liu ◽  
Xiucheng Liu ◽  
Chehua Yang ◽  
Wenxin Guo ◽  
Bin Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Guided Waves ◽  
Mode Conversion ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Longitudinal Mode ◽  
Guided Wave ◽  
Wall Defect ◽  
Squirrel Cage ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Magnetostrictive Sensor

In the study, ultrasonic longitudinal mode guided waves were employed to detect defects in elbowed tubes (without welds) with a diameter of 10 mm. Finite element simulation results highlighted that the emitted L(0,1) mode guided waves experienced strong reflection and mode conversion at the elbow region to generate F(1,1) mode, followed by slow and weak F(2,1) mode. The guided wave reflected from the elbow with a through-wall defect was manifested as two overlapped wave packets, which were good indicators of a defective elbow. To conduct L(0,1) mode guided waves inspection on the small-diameter elbowed tubes, a novel tailored squirrel-cage magnetostrictive sensor was employed in the experiment. The new sensor employed the configuration of segmental iron-cobalt strips and small-size permanent magnet arrays. The entire sensor is composed of two identical C-shaped sensor elements and can be recycled and installed conveniently. Experimental results obtained from healthy and defective tubes were consistent with the conclusions obtained from finite element simulations. An artificial through-wall defect at the elbow and a notch defect at the straight part of the tube could be simultaneously detected by L(0,1) mode guided waves through comparing experimental signals with simulation results.

Effects of layered sediments on the guided wave in crosswell radar data

Geophysics ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 1698-1707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl J. Ellefsen
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Dielectric Permittivity ◽  
Radar Data ◽  
Guided Wave ◽  
Sand Layer ◽  
Clay Layers ◽  
The Waves

To understand how layered sediments affect the guided wave in crosswell radar data, traces are calculated for a model representing a sand layer between two clay layers. A guided wave propagates if the wavelengths in the sand layer are similar to the thickness of the sand layer. The amplitude of the guided wave but not its initial traveltime is affected by the thickness of the sand layer. In contrast, both the amplitude and the initial traveltime are affected by the locations of the transmitting and receiving antennas, the electrical conductivity of the sand layer, and the dielectric permittivity of the sand layer. This permittivity can be estimated from the initial traveltime. The effects of the layering on the waves in these calculated traces also are observed in field traces, which were collected in layered sediments.

Study on Damage Detection of Bridge Based on Wavelet Multi-Scale Analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 639-640 ◽  
pp. 1010-1014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Ding ◽  
Ting Peng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Wavelet Transform ◽  
Damage Detection ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Mode Shapes ◽  
Scale Analysis ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Damage Location ◽  
Transform Coefficients ◽  
Beam Bridge ◽  
Multi Scale Analysis

The damage detection method based on wavelet multi-scale analysis is presented in the paper. The damage location can be identified by analyzing the multi-scale wavelet transform coefficients of curvatures of mode shapes. The extreme value of wavelet transform coefficients indicates the damage location. But it is difficult to detect the location of defect if the defect is near to the equilibrium position of vibration. In order to solve this problem, we put forward a method which is to add the wavelet transform coefficients of multi modals together. The method can effectively overcome the above problem. Three damage situations of simply supported beam bridge are discussed in the paper. The results show that the peaks of wavelet transform coefficients indicate the damage location of structural. It is possible to pinpoint the damage location based on wavelet multi-scale analysis on curvatures of mode shapes.

Marguerite Yourcenar, traductrice

Babel ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-37
Author(s):  
Ivo R.V. Hoefkens
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Political Sphere ◽  
Negro Spirituals ◽  
Marguerite Yourcenar ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Literary Output ◽  
Ethical Communication ◽  
The Waves ◽  
Second Period

Marguerite Yourcenar, known as an author, is also the translator of about a dozen works. My purpose here is to trace the evolution of her oeuvre in the field of translation in relation to her literary output. I have divided the former into three distinct periods, the first of which covers the closing years of the 1930s, when Marguerite Yourcenar translated Virginia Woolf's The Waves and Henry James's What Maisie Knew. Her interest in these authors is to a large extent stylistic. On the other hand, the translation of Constantin Cavafy's poetry, which was begun during the same period, reflects the intimist themes to be found in Marguerite Yourcenar's early narratives {Alexis and the others), although she was then already seeking out other thematic sources. The translation was only published in 1958. It consequently falls within a second period: that of the "présentations critiques" (critical commentaries). These major efforts in translation {Présentation critique de Constantin Cavafy, La Couronne et la Lyre, Fleuve profonde, Sombre rivière) are marked by a manifest preoccupation with the aesthetic. But themes of a more universal character and engagement in the socio-political sphere also enter into the choice of the texts for translation (negro spirituals, Présentation critique d'Hortense Flexner). These translations were contemporaneous with the creation of Marguerite Yourcenar's most important novels, namely Mémoires d'Hadrien and L'OEuvre au Noir. The last of the three periods, the 1980s, finds her tackling far less ambitious projects, the function of which tends increasingly towards ethical communication. The only one of them that bears any resemblance to the "présentations critiques" is the essay on Yukio Mishima and the translation of Cinq Nô Modernes, assuming that these are to be considered as an ensemble. Here, as elsewhere, it also emerges that Marguerite Yourcenar is largely indifferent to the existence of other translations.

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