Basic Study on Promotion of Evaporating Cryogenic Fluids by Direct Contacting Normal Temperature Fluids

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Toshiaki Watanabe ◽

Hironori Maehara ◽

Shigeru Itoh

Keyword(s):

Fuel Cell ◽

The Other ◽

Piping System ◽

Rapid Freezing ◽

Stream Of Consciousness ◽

Basic Study ◽

Cryogenic Fluids ◽

Marine Products ◽

Environmental Agreement ◽

Device Technology

The mixture of the extreme low temperature fluid and the normal temperature fluid becomes the cause which causes pressure vessel and piping system crush due to explosive boiling and rapid freezing. In recent years in Japan, the demand of cryogenic fluids like a LH2, LNG is increasing because of the advance of fuel cell device technology, hydrogen of engine, and stream of consciousness for environmental agreement. On the other hand, as for fisheries as well, the use of a source of energy that environment load is small has been being a pressing need. Therefore, we carried out the experiments related to promotion of evaporating cryogenic fluids, in the contact directly of the water and liquid nitrogen.

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Basic Study on Explosive Evaporation of Cryogenic Fluids by Contacting Normal Temperature Fluids in the Pressure Vessel

ASME 2011 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference: Volume 4 ◽

10.1115/pvp2011-57420 ◽

2011 ◽

Author(s):

Toshiaki Watanabe ◽

Hirofumi Iyama ◽

Hironori Maehara ◽

Shigeru Itoh

Keyword(s):

Pressure Vessel ◽

The Other ◽

Piping System ◽

Rapid Freezing ◽

Stream Of Consciousness ◽

Basic Study ◽

Cryogenic Fluids ◽

Explosive Evaporation ◽

Environmental Agreement ◽

Device Technology

The mixture of the extreme low temperature fluid and the normal temperature fluid becomes the cause which causes pressure vessel and piping system crush due to explosive boiling and rapid freezing. In recent years in Japan, the demand of cryogenic fluids like a LH2, LNG is increasing because of the advance of fuel cell device technology, hydrogen of engine, and stream of consciousness for environmental agreement. On the other hand, as for fisheries as well, the use of a source of energy that environment load is small has been being a pressing need. Therefore, we carried out the experiments related to promotion of evaporating cryogenic fluids, in the contact directly of the water and liquid nitrogen.

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Basic Study on Pressure Vessel for Vaporization of Cryogenic Fluids by Direct Contacting Normal Temperature Fluids

Volume 4: Fluid-Structure Interaction ◽

10.1115/pvp2012-78192 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Toshiaki Watanabe ◽

Hironori Maehara ◽

Shigeru Itoh

Keyword(s):

Pressure Vessel ◽

Liquid Fuel ◽

Piping System ◽

Stream Of Consciousness ◽

Basic Study ◽

Cryogenic Fluid ◽

Cryogenic Fluids ◽

Environmental Agreement ◽

Effective Use ◽

Device Technology

In recent years in Japan, the demand of cryogenic fluids like a LH2, LNG is increasing because of the advance of fuel cell device technology, hydrogen of engine, and stream of consciousness for environmental agreement. On the other hand, as for fisheries as well, the use of a source of energy that environment load is small has been being a pressing need. We paid attention to the effective use of cold heat of the liquid fuel which is a cryogenic fluid. That method is to use a cold heat which an cryogenic fluid has, without a heat exchanger. The mixture of the extreme low temperature fluid and the normal temperature fluid becomes the cause which causes pressure vessel and piping system crush due to explosive boiling and rapid freezing. Therefore, we carried out the experiments related to promotion of evaporating cryogenic fluids, in the contact directly of the room temperature fluids and cryogenic fluids.

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Evaporating Cryogenic Fluids by Direct Contacting Normal Temperature Fluids

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.673.219 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 673 ◽

pp. 219-224

Author(s):

Toshiaki Watanabe ◽

Hironori Maehara ◽

Shigeru Itoh

Keyword(s):

Liquid Fuel ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Piping System ◽

Rapid Freezing ◽

Stream Of Consciousness ◽

Cryogenic Fluid ◽

Cryogenic Fluids ◽

Environmental Agreement ◽

Effective Use ◽

Device Technology

In recent years in Japan, the demand of cryogenic fluids like a LH2, LNG is increasing because of the advance of fuel cell device technology, hydrogen of engine, and stream of consciousness for environmental agreement. On the other hand, as for fisheries as well, the use of a source of energy that environment load is small has been being a pressing need. We paid attention to the effective use of cold heat of the liquid fuel which is a cryogenic fluid. That method is to use a cold heat which an cryogenic fluid has, without a heat exchanger. The mixture of the extreme low temperature fluid and the normal temperature fluid becomes the cause which causes pressure vessel and piping system crush due to explosive boiling and rapid freezing. Therefore, we carried out the experiments related to promotion of evaporating cryogenic fluids, in the contact directly of the room temperature fluids and cryogenic fluids.

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Basic Study on Pressure Vessel for Vaporization of Cryogenic Fluids by Direct Contacting Normal Temperature Fluids

ASME 2010 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference: Volume 4 ◽

10.1115/pvp2010-25542 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

Toshiaki Watanabe ◽

Hirofumi Iyama ◽

Hironori Maehara ◽

Shigeru Itoh

Keyword(s):

Pressure Vessel ◽

Liquid Fuel ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Piping System ◽

Basic Study ◽

Cryogenic Fluid ◽

Cryogenic Fluids ◽

Environmental Agreement ◽

Effective Use ◽

Device Technology

In recent years in Japan, the demand of cryogenic fluids like a LH2, LNG is increasing because of the advance of fuel cell device technology, hydrogen of engine, and stream of conciousness for environmental agreement. On the other hand, as for fisheries as well, the use of a source of energy that environment load is small has been being a pressing need. We paid attention to the effective use of cold heat of the liquid fuel which is a cryogenic fluid. That method is to use a cold heat which an cryogenic fluid has, without a heat exchanger. The mixture of the extreme low temperature fluid and the normal temperature fluid becomes the cause which causes pressure vessel and piping system crush due to explosive boiling and rapid freezing. Therefore, we carried out the experiments related to promotion of evaporating cryogenic fluids, in the contact directly of the room temperature fluids and cryogenic fluids.

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Flashing Phenomena of Liquid Nitrogen in a Pressure Vessel Under Rapid Depressurizations

Volume 4: Fluid-Structure Interaction ◽

10.1115/pvp2015-45976 ◽

2015 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Toshiaki Watanabe ◽

Hironori Maehara ◽

Makoto Nakamura ◽

Hiromitsu Ohta ◽

Shigeru Itoh

Keyword(s):

Surface Roughness ◽

Stainless Steel ◽

Liquid Nitrogen ◽

Pressure Vessel ◽

The Other ◽

Stream Of Consciousness ◽

Cryogenic Fluids ◽

Environmental Agreement ◽

Device Technology ◽

Effect Of Surface

In recent years in Japan, the demand of cryogenic fluids like a LH2, LNG is increasing because of the advance of fuel cell device technology, hydrogen of engine, and stream of consciousness for environmental agreement. The purpose of this study is to clarify some fundamental features of the flashing of cryogenic fluids. Experiments on flashing of liquid nitrogen were conducted to clarify the effect of surface roughness of a vessel. Two types of pressure vessel were used. One is a vessel made of stainless steel, the other is a vessel made of glass. In the case of glass vessel, many types of boiling have been observed. The degree of superheat at the start of boiling was found to depend strongly on the rate of depressurization.

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Rapid Freezing of Freeze-Etch Specimens

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s1431927600003275 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 38 ◽

pp. 752-755

Author(s):

A. Elgsaeter ◽

T. Espevik ◽

G. Kopstad

Keyword(s):

Low Temperature ◽

Metal Surface ◽

Relative Velocity ◽

Thermal Contact ◽

High Rate ◽

Rapid Freezing ◽

Temperature Decrease ◽

Freeze Etching

The importance of a high rate of temperature decrease (“rapid freezing”) when freezing specimens for freeze-etching has long been recognized1. The two basic methods for achieving rapid freezing are: 1) dropping the specimen onto a metal surface at low temperature, 2) bringing the specimen instantaneously into thermal contact with a liquid at low temperature and subsequently maintaining a high relative velocity between the liquid and the specimen. Over the last couple of years the first method has received strong renewed interest, particularily as the result of a series of important studies by Heuser and coworkers 2,3. In this paper we will compare these two freezing methods theoretically and experimentally.

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