Combined Finite Element Method (FEM) and Network Simulation of a Nonlinear Electromagnetic Energy Harvester

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxim Germer ◽  
Uwe Marschner ◽  
Andreas Richter
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Network Modeling ◽  
Electromagnetic Energy ◽  
Capacitive Energy Storage ◽  
Interface Circuit ◽  
Modeling Methods ◽  
Voltage Doubler

Abstract Combined finite element and network modeling methods provide a time efficient instrument to simulate multi-physics systems. In this work, the Combined Simulation is applied to a nonlinear electromagnetic energy harvester with electrical interface circuit and capacitive energy storage. The energy harvester consists of two cylindrical permanent magnets placed in a cylinder with opposite directions to each other, whereas one magnet is fixed and the other magnet is freely movable in the vertical direction within the cylinder. A coil surrounds the cylinder and transforms the magneto-mechanical energy into electrical energy by means of electromagnetic induction. An external force with a certain wave-form excites the system. Finite element and network modeling methods are combined to determine concentrated and distributed network parameters and to describe the nonlinear system as an equivalent circuit, whereas Finite element modeling of the two permanent magnets reveals the repulsive force at different distances. The position-dependent electromagnetic coupling coefficient is employed by calculating the linked magnetic flux gradient. The system performance, including the interface circuit and an energy storage component, is then predicted using the numerical network simulator LTspice. A voltage doubler is used to charge a capacitor and compared with a one-way and two-way rectifier. The voltage doubler shows the best results and charges the capacitor to the highest voltage. The presented method helped to understand the overall system behavior. Physical quantities can be quickly determined in the network. The method can be applied to other multi-physics systems and to more complex interface circuits, easily.

Frequency Tuning of a Nonlinear Electromagnetic Energy Harvester

2013 ◽  
Vol 136 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Longhan Xie ◽  
Ruxu Du
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Frequency Tuning ◽  
Nonlinear Behavior ◽  
Stretch Ratio ◽  
Electromagnetic Energy ◽  
Elastic Strings ◽  
Simulation And Experiment ◽  
Frequency Tunable

This paper investigates a frequency-tunable nonlinear electromagnetic energy harvester. The electromagnetic harvester mainly consists of permanent magnets supported on the base to provide a magnetic field, and electrical coils suspended by four even-distributed elastic strings to be an oscillating object. When the base provides external excitation, the electrical coils oscillate in the magnetic field to produce electricity. The stretch length of the elastic strings can be tuned to change their stretch ratio by tuning adjustable screws, which can result in a shift of natural frequency of the harvester system. The transverse force of the elastic strings has nonlinear behavior, which broadens the system's frequency response to improve the performance of the energy harvester. Both simulation and experiment show that the above-discussed electromagnetic energy harvester has nonlinear behavior and frequency-tunable ability, which can be used to improve the effectiveness of energy harvesting.

Performance Prediction of Inertial Auto-Reinforce Magnetic Flywheel Energy Storage Device Using Finite Element Magnetic Modeling

2014 ◽  
Vol 663 ◽  
pp. 169-174
Author(s):  
Ahmad Radikal Akbar ◽  
Mokhtar Awang
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Magnetic Energy ◽  
Storage Device ◽  
Energy Storage Device ◽  
Mechanical Parameters ◽  
Flywheel Energy Storage ◽  
Magnetic Modeling

A new feature for flywheel energy storage device is proposed considering the deficiencies in former technology. This feature is introduced as auto-reinforce performance which means giving-back the kinetic energy for flywheel after speed-down occurred (as result of sudden loading). Auto-reinforce performance is an ability to recover the kinetic rotational energy which significantly keeps longer the stored energy of a flywheel device. This novel concept of flywheel is engineered by installing a number of Permanent Magnets (PM) in certain mounting. Hence, the magnetism configuration such magnetic strength, magnetic energy density, pole direction, geometry, and dimension are influential parameters to the mechanical performance. By practicing Finite Element Magnetic Modeling (FEMM), it is possible to predict some designed mechanical parameters such magnetic force and magnetic torque. Finally by evaluating these mechanical parameters, the key performance of this device such as percentage of energy reinforcement and percentage of discharge elongation can be predicted. The main ideas of this paper are: 1) presenting the development stages especially in design prediction using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) software; and 2) discovering the correlation of designed magnetic properties and mechanical parameters for prototyping references.

scholarly journals Topology Selection and Parametric Design of Electromagnetic Vibration Energy Harvesters by Combining FEA-in-the-Loop and Analytical Approaches

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seong-yeol Yoo ◽  
Young-Woo Park ◽  
Myounggyu Noh
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Electromagnetic Energy ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Primary Concern ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Analytical Approaches

Electromagnetic energy harvesters have been used to capture low-frequency vibration energy of large machines such as diesel generators. The structure of an electromagnetic energy harvester is either planar or tubular. Past research efforts focus on optimally designing each structure separately. An objective comparison between the two structures is necessary in order to decide which structure is advantageous. When comparing the structures, the design variations such as magnetization patterns and the use of yokes must also be considered. In this study, extensive comparisons are made covering all possible topologies of an electromagnetic energy harvester. A bench mark harvester is defined and the parameters that produce maximum output power are identified for each topology. It is found that the tubular harvesters generally produce larger output power than the planar counterparts. The largest output power is generated by the tubular harvester with a Halbach magnetization pattern (94.7 mW). The second best is the tubular harvester with axial magnetization pattern (79.1 mW) when moving yokes are inserted between permanent magnets for flux concentration. When cost is of primary concern, the tubular harvester with axial pattern may become a best option.

Finite Element Modeling and Experimental Verification of a Suspension Electromagnetic Energy Harvester

2013 ◽  
Vol 444-445 ◽  
pp. 879-883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi Wei Guan ◽  
Xiao Biao Shan ◽  
Tao Xie ◽  
Ru Jun Song ◽  
Zhen Long Xu
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Modeling ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Electromagnetic Energy ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Peak Power Output ◽  
Element Modeling ◽  
Finite Element Software

The power output characteristics of an electromagnetic energy harvester which uses magnetic levitation to produce the nonlinear vibration were investigated in this paper. A finite element model was developed in the electromagnetic finite element software MAXWELL®. The results show that the power output of the harvester was strongly influenced by its external loads and structural parameters. The experimental results show that the peak power output of the electromagnetic harvester is 8.2 mW at the resonance of 8.5 Hz under the vibration acceleration of 5m/s2. That obtained from the finite element analysis is 8.5 mW at 8.4Hz. The experimental results effectively verify the validity of the finite element modeling.

scholarly journals An Electromagnetic Energy Harvester and Energy Storage System for Bike Lighting Applications

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 1341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Nong Chang ◽  
Hung-Liang Cheng ◽  
Shun-Yu Chan ◽  
Lin-Hsuan Huang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Electromagnetic Energy

Scavenging vibrational energy with a novel bistable electromagnetic energy harvester

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 025022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Yan ◽  
Ning Yu ◽  
Lu Zhang ◽  
Hongye Ma ◽  
Chuanyu Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Vibrational Energy ◽  
Electromagnetic Energy

scholarly journals Load Resistance Optimization of Bi-Stable Electromagnetic Energy Harvester Based on Harmonic Balance

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1505
Author(s):  
Sungryong Bae ◽  
Pilkee Kim
Keyword(s):  
External Load ◽  
Harmonic Balance ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Load Resistance ◽  
Electromagnetic Energy ◽  
Analytic Approach ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Vibration Source ◽  
Optimal Load ◽  
Matching Techniques

In this study, a semi-analytic approach to optimizing the external load resistance of a bi-stable electromagnetic energy harvester is presented based on the harmonic balance method. The harmonic balance analyses for the primary harmonic (period-1T) and two subharmonic (period-3T and 5T) interwell motions of the energy harvester are performed with the Fourier series solutions of the individual motions determined by spectral analyses. For each motion, an optimization problem for maximizing the output power of the energy harvester is formulated based on the harmonic balance solutions and then solved to estimate the optimal external load resistance. The results of a parametric study show that the optimal load resistance significantly depends on the inductive reactance and internal resistance of a solenoid coil––the higher the oscillation frequency of an interwell motion (or the larger the inductance of the coil) is, the larger the optimal load resistance. In particular, when the frequency of the ambient vibration source is relatively high, the non-linear dynamic characteristics of an interwell motion should be considered in the optimization process of the electromagnetic energy harvester. Compared with conventional resistance-matching techniques, the proposed semi-analytic approach could provide a more accurate estimation of the external load resistance.

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