<title>In vivo light dosimetry during superficial photodynamic therapy</title>

<div>The use of photodynamic therapy (PDT) against cancer has received increasing attention overthe recent years. However, the application of the currently approved photosensitizers (PSs) is somehow limited by their poor aqueous solubility, aggregation, photobleaching and slow clearance from the body. To overcome these limitations, there is a need for the development of new classes of PSs with ruthenium(II) polypyridine complexes currently gaining momentum. However, these compounds generally lack significant absorption in the biological spectral window, limiting their application to treat deep-seated or large tumors. To overcome this drawback, ruthenium(II) polypyridine complexes designed in silico with (E,E’)-4,4´-bisstyryl 2,2´-bipyridine ligands showed impressive 1- and 2-Photon absorption up to a magnitude higher than the ones published so far. While non-toxic in the dark, these compounds were found phototoxic in various 2D monolayer cells, 3D multicellular tumor spheroids and be able to eradicate a multiresistant tumor inside a mouse model upon clinically relevant 1-Photon and 2 Photon excitation.</div>

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In vivo action spectra, absorption and fluorescence excitation spectra of photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy

Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B Biology ◽

10.1016/1011-1344(94)07087-5 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 101-102 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Willem M. Star

Keyword(s):

Photodynamic Therapy ◽

Excitation Spectra ◽

Fluorescence Excitation ◽

Action Spectra ◽

Fluorescence Excitation Spectra

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Porphyrin-lipid nanovesicles (Porphysomes) are effective photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy

Nanophotonics ◽

10.1515/nanoph-2021-0220 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Keegan Guidolin ◽

Lili Ding ◽

Juan Chen ◽

Brian C. Wilson ◽

Gang Zheng

Keyword(s):

Photodynamic Therapy ◽

Tumor Growth ◽

Intrinsic Structure ◽

Therapeutic Applications ◽

Positron Emission ◽

Theranostic Agents ◽

Negative Controls ◽

And Control ◽

Complete Tumor

Abstract Porphysomes (PS) are liposome-like nanoparticles comprising pyropheophorbide-conjugated phospholipids that have demonstrated potential as multimodal theranostic agents for applications that include phototherapies, targeted drug delivery and in vivo fluorescence, photoacoustic, magnetic resonance or positron emission imaging. Previous therapeutic applications focused primarily on photothermal therapy (PTT) and suggested that PSs require target-triggered activation for use as photodynamic therapy (PDT) sensitizers. Here, athymic nude mice bearing subcutaneous A549 human lung tumors were randomized into treatment and control groups: PS-PDT at various doses, PS-only and no treatment negative controls, as well as positive controls using the clinical photosensitizer Photofrin. Animals were followed for 30 days post-treatment. PS-PDT at all doses demonstrated a significant tumor ablative effect, with the greatest effect seen with 10 mg/kg PS at a drug-light interval of 24 h. By comparison, negative controls (PS-only, Photofrin-only, and no treatment) showed uncontrolled tumor growth. PDT with Photofrin at 5 mg/kg and PS at 10 mg/kg demonstrated similar tumor growth suppression and complete tumor response rates (15 vs. 25%, p = 0.52). Hence, porphysome nanoparticles are an effective PDT agent and have the additional advantages of multimodal diagnostic and therapeutic applications arising from their intrinsic structure. Porphysomes may also be the first single all-organic agent capable of concurrent PDT and PTT.

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