Data assimilation of an airborne multiple-remote-sensor system and of satellite images for the North Sea and Baltic Sea

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olaf Trieschmann ◽  
Thomas Hunsaenger ◽  
Lars Tufte ◽  
Ulrich Barjenbruch
Keyword(s):  
Data Assimilation ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Sensor System ◽  
The North ◽  
Remote Sensor ◽  
The North Sea

Data assimilation with the ensemble Kalman filter in a numerical model of the North Sea

2016 ◽  
Vol 66 (8) ◽  
pp. 955-971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphanie Ponsar ◽  
Patrick Luyten ◽  
Valérie Dulière
Keyword(s):  
Kalman Filter ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Data Assimilation ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Ensemble Kalman Filter ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea

scholarly journals Model calculations of the effects of present and future emissions of air pollutants from shipping in the Baltic Sea and the North Sea

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 21943-21974 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Jonson ◽  
J. P. Jalkanen ◽  
L. Johansson ◽  
M. Gauss ◽  
H. A. C. Denier van der Gon
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Ship Emissions ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Model Calculations ◽  
The North ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
The Baltic

Abstract. Land-based emissions of air pollutants in Europe have steadily decreased over the past two decades, and this decrease is expected to continue. Within the same time span emissions from shipping have increased, although recently sulphur emissions, and subsequently particle emissions, have decreased in EU ports and in the Baltic Sea and the North Sea, defined as SECAs (Sulphur Emission Control Areas). The maximum allowed sulphur content in marine fuels in EU ports is now 0.1%, as required by the European Union sulphur directive. In the SECAs the maximum fuel content of sulphur is currently 1% (the global average is about 2.4%). This will be reduced to 0.1% from 2015, following the new IMO rules (International Maritime Organisation). In order to assess the effects of ship emissions in and around the Baltic Sea and the North Sea, regional model calculations with the EMEP air pollution model have been made on a 1/4° longitude × 1/8° latitude resolution, using ship emissions in the Baltic Sea and the North Sea that are based on accurate ship positioning data. The effects on depositions and air pollution and the resulting number of years of life lost (YOLL) have been calculated by comparing model calculations with and without ship emissions in the two sea areas. The calculations have been made with emissions representative of 2009 and 2011, i.e. before and after the implementation of stricter controls on sulphur emissions from mid 2010. The calculations with present emissions show that per person, an additional 0.1–0.2 years of life lost is estimated in areas close to the major ship tracks with present emission levels. Comparisons of model calculations with emissions before and after the implementation of stricter emission control on sulphur show a general decrease in calculated particle concentration. At the same time, however, an increase in ship activity has resulted in higher emissions and subsequently air concentrations, in particular of NOx, especially in and around several major ports. Additional model calculations have been made with land based and ship emissions representative of year 2030. Following a decrease in emissions, air quality is expected to improve, and depositions to be reduced. Particles from shipping are expected to decrease as a result of emission controls in the SECAs. Further controls of NOx emissions from shipping are not decided, and calculations are presented with and without such controls.

Ventilation of bottom water in the North Sea–Baltic Sea transition zone

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 138-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jørgen Bendtsen ◽  
Karin E. Gustafsson ◽  
Johan Söderkvist ◽  
Jørgen L.S. Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Transition Zone ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Bottom Water ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea

Genetic diversity of Saccharina latissima (Phaeophyceae) along a salinity gradient in the North Sea-Baltic Sea transition zone

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 523-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mette Møller Nielsen ◽  
Cristina Paulino ◽  
João Neiva ◽  
Dorte Krause-Jensen ◽  
Annette Bruhn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Transition Zone ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Salinity Gradient ◽  
Saccharina Latissima ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document