Ultrasonic bone assessment: backscatter difference measurements of the femoral neck in vivo

2020 ◽  
Vol 148 (4) ◽  
pp. 2561-2561
Author(s):  
Kiera L. Downey ◽  
Sarah I. Delahunt ◽  
Loukas A. Georgiou ◽  
Aubrey J. Gray ◽  
Doni M. Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
2009 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 912-919 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Talmant ◽  
S. Kolta ◽  
Ch. Roux ◽  
D. Haguenauer ◽  
I. Vedel ◽  
...  

1997 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Ochoa ◽  
A. P. Sanders ◽  
T. W. Kiesler ◽  
D. A. Heck ◽  
J. P. Toombs ◽  
...  

The role that intertrabecular contents and their boundary conditions have on the dynamic mechanical response of canine femoral heads was investigated in vivo. Femoral heads from paired intact hind limbs of canine specimens were subjected to a sinusoidal strain excitation, at physiologic frequencies, in the cranio-caudal direction. The fluid boundary conditions for the contralateral limbs were changed by predrilling through the lateral femoral cortex and into the femoral neck. The drilling procedure did not invade the head itself. This femoral head fluid boundary alteration reduced the stiffness by 19 percent for testing at 1 Hz. The results of this study demonstrate that fluid stiffening occurs in vivo as previously observed ex vivo.


2007 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 1455-1461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Herrmann ◽  
Britt Wildemann ◽  
Lutz Claes ◽  
Stefan Klohs ◽  
Michael Ohnmacht ◽  
...  

Abstract Background: Recently, hyperhomocysteinemia (HHCY) has been suggested as a new risk factor for osteoporosis. This study investigated if HHCY is a causal osteoporotic factor in vivo. Methods: We used 3 groups of rats: a control group (n = 20), a moderate HHCY group (induced by a 2.4% methionine-enriched diet, n = 10), and an intermediate HHCY group (induced by a 2% homocystine-enriched diet, n = 10). We measured bone fragility [maximum force of an axial compression test (Fmax)], bone area as percentage of total area (BAr/TAr, histomorphometry), and biochemical bone turnover markers [osteocalcin (OC) and collagen I C-terminal crosslaps (CTx)]. Results: Compared with controls, 3 months of moderate or intermediate HHCY increased mean (SD) bone fragility at the femoral neck by 18% (6%) in methionine-fed (P = 0.001) and 36% (13%) in homocystine-fed rats (P <0.001). Mean (SD) BAr/TAr at the distal femur in methionine and homocystine groups was decreased by 45% (21%; P = 0.001) and 93% (9%; P = 0.001), respectively. At the femoral neck, BAr/TAr was decreased by 19% (11%; P <0.001) and 55% (19%; P <0.001). At the lumbar spine, the reduction of BAr/TAr was 17% (23%; P = 0.099) and 44% (19%; P <0.001). Plasma OC (bone formation marker) was decreased by 23% (20%; P = 0.006) and 34% (21%; P <0.001). Plasma CTx (bone resorption marker) did not differ between groups. Conclusion: Bone quality is consistently decreased in the presence of increased circulating homocysteine. The results provide evidence that HHCY is a causal osteoporotic factor.


1988 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Leichter ◽  
A Simkin ◽  
J Y Margulies ◽  
A Bivas ◽  
I Roman ◽  
...  

Early detection of mechanical weakening of the femoral neck would help to prevent fractures at this site which are the most serious clinical problem in osteoporosis. In the vicinity of the femoral neck, the greater trochanter is a superficial bone structure more easily accessible to in vivo measurements. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the relation between the strength of the femoral neck and the composition of the trabecular tissue in the greater trochanter. Twenty-nine fresh human intact femora were examined. The relationship between the average shear stress in failure of the femoral neck (ASS) and the Ca concentration (CC), mineral density (BMD), and overall mass density (BD) of the greater trochanter was investigated. Linear stepwise regression analysis showed that the ASS of the femoral neck can be predicted from the BD, CC, and BMD of the trochanteric tissue, and their contribution to the estimation of the ASS was ranked in the above order. The linear function relating the ASS to these variables showed a highly significant multiple correlation ( R = 0.87, p < 0.001). Therefore in vivo measurements of the density and mineral content in the greater trochanter should be considered useful in assessing the risk of fracture of the femoral neck.


2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.E. Cohen-Solal ◽  
A.M. Graulet ◽  
J. Gueris ◽  
M.A. Denne ◽  
C. Bergot ◽  
...  

1987 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Elmerson ◽  
Gunnar B. J. Andersson ◽  
Malcolm H. Pope ◽  
Carl Zetterberg

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