Influence of parameters of the potential barrier at the metal/polymer interface on the electronic switching in the metal/polymer/metal structure

Metal/polymer composites are used in numerous technical applications. For example, polymer coatings on metal surfaces are used for corrosion protection, metal films on polymers inhibit static buildup, and polymers between two metals can serve as a “glue” for connecting materials that cannot be welded. Polymer/metal composites also play an important role in modern electronics. In condensers, polymers serve as insulating layers between metallic leads and are used to encapsulate entire electronic circuits. In all circumstances, interfaces are formed between the two different materials, and since the chemistry and structure change abruptly, interfacial failure is frequently observed.The cause of failure may just be mechanical (e.g., shrinkage of the polymer during curing), or the interface stability may be degraded by attack of aggressive species, resulting in delamination. More specifically, loss of adhesion is directly caused by interfacial electrochemical reactions that nucleate at a defect and progress into intact regions of the interface. This occurs for encapsulated electronic parts in humid atmospheres as well as for lacquers on automotive parts.Thus the investigation of corrosion reactions at a buried interface is an important area of research, but it is made very difficult by the fact that most electrochemical methods do not give information on localized reaction kinetics at a buried (metal/polymer) interface. This situation has changed with the invention and development of the scanning Kelvin probe (SKP). This method allows, for the first time, local analysis of reactions occurring at a buried metal/polymer interface. Based on the results obtained with the SKP, a detailed reaction model for the delamination process has been developed. This understanding has led to the development of new approaches that protect the interface from delamination. The idea is to chemically modify the interface using Afunctional molecules that promote adhesion between metal and polymer surfaces.

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Effect of Changes in Junction Potential at the Metal1/Metal2 Interface on the Conductivity of a Metal1/Polymer/Metal1/Metal2 Structure

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.845.21 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 845 ◽

pp. 21-24

Author(s):

I.R. Nabiullin ◽

R.M. Gadiev ◽

A.N. Lachinov

Keyword(s):

Phase Transition ◽

Metal Structure ◽

Test Material ◽

Sharp Change ◽

Polymer Thin Film ◽

Polymer Metal ◽

Series Of Experiments ◽

Experimental Structure ◽

Metal Polymer ◽

Junction Potential

The polymer thin film with non-linear electrophysical properties was used as detector for phase transition in metals (Wood's alloy and indium). A voltage has been applied to the metal-polymer-metal structure and the current through structure has been measured as function of temperature. Two independent series of experiments were carried out when the polymer film is heated together with the metal and when the metal is heated only. They revealed sharp change in the current through experimental structure at the melting-crystallization point of metals. This effect is related to a change in electrochemical potential when there is a phase transition in the metal and it results in a change of the temperature dependence of current. This method can be successfully used to detect the critical temperature without the need for direct contact of the polymer detector with the test material.

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Electroluminescence from poly(phenylene vinylene) in a planar metal‐polymer‐metal structure

Applied Physics Letters ◽

10.1063/1.116679 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 68 (21) ◽

pp. 3007-3009 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

U. Lemmer ◽

D. Vacar ◽

D. Moses ◽

A. J. Heeger ◽

T. Ohnishi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metal Structure ◽

Phenylene Vinylene ◽

Polymer Metal ◽

Metal Polymer

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INFLUENCE OF METAL DEFORMATION ON THE PROPERTIES OF A POTENTIAL BARRIER IN THE METAL/POLYMER STRUCTURE

Izvestia Ufimskogo Nauchnogo Tsentra RAN ◽

10.31040/2222-8349-2021-0-1-97-101 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (1) ◽

pp. 97-101

Author(s):

A.F. GALIEV ◽

◽

A.A. LACHINOV ◽

D.D. KARAMOV ◽

A.N. LACHINOV ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plastic Deformation ◽

Work Function ◽

Potential Barrier ◽

Organic Materials ◽

Polymer Structure ◽

The State ◽

High Conductivity ◽

Polymer Interface ◽

The Difference ◽

Metal Polymer

This paper investigates the dependence of the potential barrier at the metal/polymer interface on the elastic and plastic deformation of the metal. Interest in such studies is observed due to the fact that flexible electronic devices are being developed on the basis of organic materials, which should provide the same efficiency and stability as their rigid counterparts. At the same time, it is known that deformation processes in the metal/polymer structure can lead to changes in the electrophysical parameters of such a structure. The observed effect can be used to control the state of metal structures and samples, such as phase transitions, crack initiation, and structural changes. Developments in the field of small strain sensorics and the development of micromechanical devices are being actively pursued. In this regard, the search becomes more urgent for organic materials with a complex of physical properties, improved mechanical characteristics, acceptable film-forming properties and required electrical characteristics. The energy barrier at the metal/polymer interface is well defined within the Schottky theory. The transport of charge carriers is described by the injection model. However, in contrast to the classical metal/semiconductor transition, the potential barrier of such an interface is determined not by the difference between the metal work function and the electron affinity energy of the polymer, but by the difference between the metal and polymer work functions. The electronic work function from metal and polymer can be chosen so that the difference between them is small. Consequently, small changes in the work function of an electron from a metal will lead to a noticeable change in the value of the potential barrier. In addition, the effects of switching from a dielectric to a state with high conductivity observed in some polymers of polyarylenephthalides make it also possible to determine abrupt and discontinuous changes that occur in a metal sample. It was found that with an increase in the degree of elastic deformation of the metal, the value of the potential barrier decreases. During the transition from elastic to plastic deformation of the metal, a transition of the dielectric polymer film is observed to a state with high conductivity. The results of this paper can be used for nondestructive testing and analysis of the state of metals.

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Dynamical study on polaron formation in a metal/polymer/metal structure

Physical Review B ◽

10.1103/physrevb.68.125416 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 68 (12) ◽

Cited By ~ 51

Author(s):

C. Q. Wu ◽

Y. Qiu ◽

Z. An ◽

K. Nasu

Keyword(s):

Metal Structure ◽

Dynamical Study ◽

Polymer Metal ◽

Polaron Formation ◽

Metal Polymer

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BIPOLARON DYNAMICS IN NON-DEGENERATE POLYMERS

International Journal of Modern Physics B ◽

10.1142/s0217979207045396 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 21 (23n24) ◽

pp. 4190-4195

Author(s):

YONG-HONG YAN ◽

CHANG-QIN WU ◽

BAO-WEN LI

Keyword(s):

Electric Field ◽

Work Function ◽

Dynamic Method ◽

Charge Injection ◽

Metal Structure ◽

Metal Electrode ◽

Dissociation Process ◽

Injection Process ◽

Polymer Metal ◽

Metal Polymer

Bipolaron dynamics in non-degenerate polymers are discussed using the nonadiabatic dynamic method. First, charge injection process from metal electrode to a nondegenerate polymer in a metal/polymer/metal structure has been investigated. We demonstrate that the dynamical formation of a bipolaron sensitively depends on the work function of metal electrode. We also study the bipolaron dissociation process. It is found that the electric field that can dissociate the bipolaron is up to 106 V/cm, which is consistent with experiments.

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