scholarly journals Changing stroke mortality trends in middle-aged people: an age-period-cohort analysis of routine mortality data in persons aged 40 to 69 in England

2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 523-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Sutton ◽  
J. Marsden ◽  
C. L. Watkins ◽  
M. J. Leathley ◽  
P. Dey
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Stroke Mortality ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Aged People

scholarly journals All-Cause and Cancer Mortality Trends in Macheng, China (1984–2013): An Age-Period-Cohort Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2068
Author(s):  
Chunhui Li ◽  
Songbo Hu ◽  
Chuanhua Yu
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Cohort Effect ◽  
Age Effect ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Period Effect ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Males And Females

The aim was to study the variation trends of all-cause and cancer mortality during 1984–2013 in Macheng City, China. The mortality data were collected from Macheng City disease surveillance points system and Hubei Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The model life table system was used to adjust mortality rates due to an under-reporting problem. An age-period-cohort model and intrinsic estimator algorithm were used to estimate the age effect, period effect, and cohort effect of all-cause mortality and cancer mortality for males and females. Age effect of all-cause mortality for both sexes increased with age, while the age effect of cancer mortality for both sexes reached a peak at the age group of 55–59 years old and then decreased. The relative risks (RRs) of all-cause mortality for males and females declined with the period and decreased by 51.13% and 63.27% during the whole study period, respectively. Furthermore, the period effect of cancer mortality in both sexes decreased at first and then increased. The cohort effect of all-cause and cancer mortality for both sexes born after 1904 presented the pattern of “rise first and then fall,” and decreased by 82.18% and 90.77% from cohort 1904–1908 to 1989–1993, respectively; especially, the risk of all-cause and cancer mortality for both sexes born before 1949 was much higher than that for those born after 1949.

scholarly journals Stroke Mortality Trends in the Population of Klaipėda From 1994 to 2008

Medicina ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrikas Kazlauskas ◽  
Nijolė Raškauskienė ◽  
Rima Radžiuvienė ◽  
Vinsas Janušonis
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
World Population ◽  
Stroke Mortality ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Permanent Residents

The objective of the study was to evaluate the trends in stroke mortality in the population of Klaipėda aged 35–79 years from 1994 to 2008. Material and Methods. Mortality data on all permanent residents of Klaipėda aged 35–79 years who died from stroke in 1994–2008 were gathered for the study. All death certificates of permanent residents of Klaipėda aged 35–79 years who died during 1994–2008 were examined in this study. The International Classification of Diseases (ICD-9 codes 430–436, and ICD-10 codes I60–I64) was used. Sex-specific mortality rates were standardized according to the Segi’s world population; all the mortality rates were calculated per 100 000 population per year. Trends in stroke mortality were estimated using log-linear regression models. Sex-specific mortality rates and trends were calculated for 3 age groups (35–79, 35–64, and 65–79 years). Results. During the entire study period (1994–2008), a marked decline in stroke mortality with a clear slowdown after 2002 was observed. The average annual percent changes in mortality rates for men and women aged 35–79 years were –4.6% (P=0.041) and –6.5% (P=0.002), respectively. From 1994 to 2002, the stroke mortality rate decreased consistently among both Klaipėda men and women aged 35–64 years (20.4% per year, P=0.002, and 14.7% per year, P=0.006, respectively) and in the elderly population aged 65–79 years (13.8% per year, P=0.005; and 12% per year, P=0.019). During 2003–2008, stroke mortality increased by 16.3% per year in middle-aged men (35–64 years), whereas among women (aged 35–64 and 65–79 years) and elderly men (aged 65–79 years), the age-adjusted mortality rate remained relatively unchanged. Conclusions. Among both men and women, the mortality rates from stroke sharply declined between 1994 and 2008 with a clear slowdown in the decline after 2002. Stroke mortality increased significantly among middle-aged men from 2003, while it remained without significant changes among women of the same age and both elderly men and women.

scholarly journals Urban and rural stroke mortality rates in China between 1988 and 2013: An age-period-cohort analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 680-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingjing Li ◽  
Boyang Li ◽  
Fengfan Zhang ◽  
Yang Sun
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Cumulative Risk ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Period Effect ◽  
Stroke Mortality ◽  
Health Statistics ◽  
Rural Regions ◽  
Period Effects

Objective To evaluate effects attributable to age, time period and birth cohort, on stroke mortality data from urban and rural regions in China between 1988 and 2013. Methods Mortality data were obtained from the Chinese Health Statistics Annual Report (1987–2001) and Chinese Health Statistics Yearbooks (2003–2014). Population data were obtained from population censuses (i.e. 1982, 1990, 2000 and 2010). Data were analysed using an age-period-cohort (APC) model and intrinsic estimation (IE) method. Results The age effect suggested that all older residents had higher stroke mortality risk than younger residents. Period effect showed that compared with figures for 1988, stroke mortality in 2013 was 1.8 times higher for urban regions and 2.4 times higher for rural regions. After controlling for age and period effects, cohorts born before the Chinese economic reform had a steady decline in stroke mortality. However, mortality rates increased and fluctuated in post-reform cohorts. Conclusions This APC-IE analysis identified a modest period effect with large age and cohort contributions to both the overall mortality and the disparity between urban and rural stroke mortality. Identifying early life and cumulative risk factors for stroke, improving equality in stroke prevention and care are needed to reduce the stroke mortality in China.

Complex treatment of periodontitis: patient’s reaction to the therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-100
Author(s):  
A. K. Iordanishvili ◽  
V. A. Guk ◽  
A. A. Golovko
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Complex Treatment ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Aged People ◽  
Dental Rehabilitation ◽  
Success Of Treatment

Relevance. The success of treatment of periodontal diseases directly depends on the patient’s response to the therapy, therefore, the characteristics of the person’s personal characteristics can affect both the effectiveness of treatment and the prevention of relapse of the disease.Purpose. To study the features of the internal picture of the disease in the process of complex treatment of adult patients suffering from chronic generalized periodontitis.Materials and methods. The generally accepted comprehensive treatment of chronic generalized periodontitis in 69 middle-aged and elderly men was carried out taking into account the personal response of patients Solovyov «Psychosensory-anatomical-functional maladaptation syndrome».Results. When patients were discharged from the hospital, there was a difference in the phenomena of maladaptation among the elderly and middle-aged: in middle-aged people, sufficient adaptation to the conditions of existence was determined; in elderly people, due to the existing comorbid pathology, a state of maladaptation was diagnosed, which was caused by the presence of complaints of defects in the dentition.Conclusion. In elderly people, as soon as possible after completion of treatment in a hospital, dental rehabilitation cannot be considered completed, which requires the adoption of organizational measures for their timely provision of dentures.

scholarly journals Spatio-temporal evolution and influencing mechanism of the COVID-19 epidemic in Shandong province, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinlong Shi ◽  
Xing Gao ◽  
Shuyan Xue ◽  
Fengqing Li ◽  
Qifan Nie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Temporal Evolution ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Shandong Province ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Aged People ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
And Control

AbstractThe novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) outbreak that emerged in late 2019 has posed a severe threat to human health and social and economic development, and thus has become a major public health crisis affecting the world. The spread of COVID-19 in population and regions is a typical geographical process, which is worth discussing from the geographical perspective. This paper focuses on Shandong province, which has a high incidence, though the first Chinese confirmed case was reported from Hubei province. Based on the data of reported confirmed cases and the detailed information of cases collected manually, we used text analysis, mathematical statistics and spatial analysis to reveal the demographic characteristics of confirmed cases and the spatio-temporal evolution process of the epidemic, and to explore the comprehensive mechanism of epidemic evolution and prevention and control. The results show that: (1) the incidence rate of COVID-19 in Shandong is 0.76/100,000. The majority of confirmed cases are old and middle-aged people who are infected by the intra-province diffusion, followed by young and middle-aged people who are infected outside the province. (2) Up to February 5, the number of daily confirmed cases shows a trend of “rapid increase before slowing down”, among which, the changes of age and gender are closely related to population migration, epidemic characteristics and intervention measures. (3) Affected by the regional economy and population, the spatial distribution of the confirmed cases is obviously unbalanced, with the cluster pattern of “high–low” and “low–high”. (4) The evolution of the migration pattern, affected by the geographical location of Wuhan and Chinese traditional culture, is dominated by “cross-provincial” and “intra-provincial” direct flow, and generally shows the trend of “southwest → northeast”. Finally, combined with the targeted countermeasures of “source-flow-sink”, the comprehensive mechanism of COVID-19 epidemic evolution and prevention and control in Shandong is revealed. External and internal prevention and control measures are also figured out.

scholarly journals P087 Mortality trends from systemic lupus erythematosus in Cuba: 2001-2014

Rheumatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Halbert Hernández Negrín
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Time Trends ◽  
Reference Population ◽  
World Health ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background/Aims  There is little research on the mortality of Cuban patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), with not enough impact to recognize SLE as a health problem in the country. Our aim was to identify time trends and geographic variability in the mortality of Cuban patients with SLE. Methods  Mortality data of decedents over 15 years old were retrieved from the Cuban Ministry of Public Health mortality database, based on International Classification of Disease (ICD), Tenth Revision (ICD-10, code M32). We computed age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) for each year and province as the estimated number of deaths per million inhabitants and its 95% confidence interval (95% CI) using World Health Organization reference population. The 2001-2014 time trends were analyzed using Jointpoint software. Results  Between 2001 and 2014, 1,054 deaths from SLE were found, mostly women (89.0%), white (54.4%) with a median age of 43 years (interquartile range: 34-53). In 2014 the ASMR caused by SLE per million inhabitants was 14.4 (95% CI: 10.9 to 18.4) in women and 1.3 (95% CI: 0.5 to 3.2) in men. A growing time trend was identified in the ASMR by SLE throughout the period (average annual percentage change [AAPC]: 1.6; 95% CI: 0.6 to 2.6), highest in males (AAPC: 5.6; 95% CI: 1.7 to 9.7) than in females (AAPC: 1.2; 95% CI: 0.3 to 2.0). The highest mortality in women was concentrated in the provinces of Camagüey, Las Tunas and Granma, and in the case of men, in Havana and Ciego de Ávila. Conclusion  The variation in the magnitude of the risk of dying from SLE over time and geographic areas indicates the possible influence of biological, environmental, socioeconomic and health systems factors. The growing trend in SLE mortality in Cuba demands its recognition as an important health problem and immediate actions that help mitigate it. Disclosure  H. Hernández Negrín: None.

scholarly journals Anticholinergic Burden and Dry Mouth in Middle-Aged People

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-70
Author(s):  
A. Tiisanoja ◽  
A.-M.H. Syrjälä ◽  
A. Kullaa ◽  
P. Ylöstalo
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Dry Mouth ◽  
Subjective Feeling ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Aged People ◽  
Prophylactic Measures ◽  
Anticholinergic Burden

Introduction:Anticholinergic burden refers to the cumulative effect of taking 1 or more drugs with anticholinergic properties. At the moment, little is known about the association between the anticholinergic burden and dry mouth.Objectives:The objective of this article was to study, whether an anticholinergic burden is associated with dry mouth among middle-aged people.Methods:The study population included 1,345 people aged 46 y from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 (NFBC1966) study, who took part in a clinical medical and dental examination during 2012–2013. Medication data comprised both self-reported drug use and information obtained from the national register. Anticholinergic burden was measured using 10 different anticholinergic scales. Dry mouth was defined on the basis of having either a subjective feeling of dry mouth (xerostomia) or objectively measured low unstimulated or stimulated whole salivary flow rates (hyposalivation). Poisson regression models with robust error variance were used to estimate relative risk (RR). Regression models were adjusted for sex, smoking, diabetes, rheumatoid diseases, depressive symptoms, anxiety, total number of drugs, and antihypertensive drugs.Results:Approximately 14% of the participants reported having xerostomia and about 2% had hyposalivation. The RRs of different anticholinergic scales for xerostomia varied from 1.05 to 1.68. The scales’ RRs were between 0.89 and 2.03 for low unstimulated whole salivary flow (<0.1 mL/min) and between 0.59 and 1.80 for low stimulated whole salivary flow (<0.7 mL/min). Seven of 10 studied anticholinergic scales associated statistically significantly with dry mouth, either with xerostomia or hyposalivation.Conclusion:Most of the anticholinergic scales were associated with dry mouth, either with xerostomia or hyposalivation. There was considerable variation in the strength of the associations between anticholinergic scales and dry mouth.Knowledge Transfer Statement:The findings of this study suggest that dentists should take notice of the use of drugs with anticholinergic properties and their harmful effects among middle-aged people. Dentists should provide these patients with necessary guidance on how to cope with dry mouth and give them prophylactic measures against oral diseases associated with dry mouth.

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