Selected growth parameters of farm-raised mallard (Anas platyrhynchos L.) ducklings

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 504-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daria Murawska ◽  
Vladimir Hanzal ◽  
Pawel Janiszewski ◽  
Barry D. Lambert ◽  
Michal Gesek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Anas Platyrhynchos ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Muscle Groups ◽  
Breast Weight ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Average Body Weight

The aim of this study was to determine changes in selected growth parameters of farm-raised mallard ducklings from hatch to 42 d of age. The largest increases in body and carcass weights of ducklings and weights of the analyzed tissue components were noted during the first 28 d of the rearing period, except for breast and wing muscles. In comparison with other muscle groups, the growth rate of breast and wing muscles was lower from hatch to 14 d of age, greatest between 14 and 28 d, and remained high up to 42 d of age. The average body weight of mallard ducklings increased more than 16-fold (from 39.7 to 644.8 g, P ≤ 0.01), and the average carcass weight increased more than 26-fold (from 14.4 to 384.5 g, P ≤ 0.01). The growth rates of carcass and tissue components varied considerably. Wing weight increased 84.5-fold (from 0.80 to 67.6 g, P ≤ 0.01), followed by breast weight, which increased 48-fold (from 1.7 to 82.9 g, P ≤ 0.01). Slower growth rates were noted in the remaining carcass parts: back, 23-fold; neck, 19.2-fold; and legs, 17.1-fold (from 5.4 to 92.2 g, P ≤ 0.01).

REARING OF DAIRY CALVES ON PASTURE WITH OR WITHOUT WHOLE OATS

1967 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-216
Author(s):  
A. D. L. Gorrill
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Dairy Calves ◽  
Average Growth Rate ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Bull Calves ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Average Body

Three groups of 10 Ayrshire bull calves born in May and June, 1963 were placed on pasture at 2 weeks of age, after weaning at 55 kg body weight, or at 15 weeks of age. Half the calves in each group also received whole oats while on pasture to a maximum of 1.4 kg/day. Prior to going on pasture, calves were fed a starter ration and timothy hay. The calves were removed from pasture at 21 weeks of age and fed hay and grain until 52 weeks of age. There were no differences between groups in rate of gain from 1 week of age to weaning, the average growth rate for all calves being 427 g/day. Calves put on pasture after weaning gained 223 g/day from weaning to 15 weeks of age, and calves put on pasture at 15 weeks of age gained only 177 g/day from 15 to 21 weeks of age. Weight gains during these same two periods for calves put on pasture at 2 weeks of age were 432 and 500 g/day, respectively. Feeding oats to calves on pasture did not increase growth rates to weaning or to 15 weeks of age. Average body weights at 52 weeks of age were 251, 228, and 242 kg, respectively for calves started on pasture at 2 weeks of age, after weaning, and at 15 weeks of age.

scholarly journals The Effect of Non-Circadian Photoperiod on Growth and Puberty Onset of Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis Mitchill

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 692
Author(s):  
Katsiaryna Lundova ◽  
Jan Matousek ◽  
Vlastimil Stejskal
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Somatic Growth ◽  
Continuous Light ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sexually Mature ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Average Body Weight

The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of a prolonged photoperiod on growth rate and sexual maturation in brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis. The task of the experiment was to determine the most effective light regimen capable to minimizing the effects of puberty, including impairment of somatic growth and further general characteristics. In this regard, the studied fish were reared under three photoperiod regimens in which fish were exposed to 24 h continuous light alternating with 24 or 48 h under the ambient photoperiod or 48 h continuous light alternating with a 24 h ambient photoperiod. A control group was reared under the natural ambient photoperiod. Four-hundred and fifty fish with an average initial body weight of 101.3 ± 1.2 g were used for each experimental group (three replicates of each treatment plus control). A statistically lower growth rate showed control groups in both sexes. At the end of the study, control males had an average body weight of 226.6 ± 39.8 g and control females a body weight of 199.8 ± 12.2 g. At the same period, a significantly higher average body weight was found in groups reared 24 h under ambient photoperiod alternating with a 48 h continuous light regime (2CP:1AP) in both sexes (296.56 ± 62.5 g—males, and 239.9 ± 19.2 g—females, respectively). A significantly higher percentage of sexually mature fish was observed in the control group (80% of males and 29% of females, respectively). We found significantly fewer sexually mature females compared to males. The lowest survival was observed in group 2CP:1AP at 92%. It was concluded that regimen under which fish was exposed to 48 h of natural ambient photoperiod alternating with 24 h of constant light (1CP:2AP) lead to the successful delay of gonad development and onset of puberty and increased somatic growth in both sexes.

scholarly journals Forage substitution with MOIYL fermented cacao pod on carcass quality of local sheeps

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S D Mahyana ◽  
Hasnudi ◽  
I Sembiring ◽  
S Umar ◽  
Yunilas
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Agriculture Waste ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Average Body Weight

Agriculture waste such as acao pod are abundant. This study aims to determine localsheeps carcass quality after feeding Moiyl fermented cacao pod (Theobroma cacao L) inrations as alternative feed. The research was carried out at Mr. Didit's farm located on BungaRinte street, Medan Tuntungan sub district, Medan in October-December 2018. Theexperiment used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 4replications. Using 20 local rams with an average of 12.65 ± 1 kg / head. Treatment consists offorages, and concentrated ingredients such as coconut cake, soybean meal, rice bran, molasses,urea, mineral mix, and Moiyl pod cacao fermented P0 (forage 80% + concentrate 20%), P1(forage 60% + Pod cacao fermentation 20% + Concentrate 20%), P2 (Forage 40% + Pod cacaofermented 40% + Concentrate 20%), P3 (Forage 20% + Pod cacao fermented 60% +Concentrate 20%), P4 (Pod 80% fermented cacao + Concentrate 20%).The results showed that the average cutting weight P0 = 15.70, P1 = 15.98, P2 = 17.55, P3 =16.27, P4 = 14.73, (kg / head). The average body weight is P0 = 9.75, P1 = 10.27, P2 = 10.52,P3 = 10.14, P4 = 9.18, (kg / head). The average carcass weight P0 = 5.36, P1 = 5.61, P2 =5.74, P3 = 5.73, P4 = 5.73 (kg / head). The average carcass percentage P0 = 56.51, P1 = 55.55,P2 = 54.71, P3 = 56.55, P4 = 51.48 (kg / head). The conclusion of this study is MOIYLfermented cacao pod (Theobroma cacao L) can substitute forage as feed for male local sheepand influenced cutting weight, average body weight, average carcass weight and also averagearcass percentage.

scholarly journals Production of Bambusicola thoracicus under the Influence of Light Intensity and Photoperiod

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asad Ali Khaskheli ◽  
Muhammad Ibrahim Khaskheli ◽  
Allah Jurio Khaskheli ◽  
Arshad Ali Khaskheli
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Average Body Weight

Influence of photoperiod and light intensity on Bambusicola thoracicus was studied, whereby One Hundred birds were distributed into 5 treatment groups viz. A1, A2, B1, B2 and C. The birds in group A1 were treated with light intensity of 80 luxes/8 hours during growing period and 240 luxes/16 hours during laying period, group A2 with light intensity 20 luxes/8 hours during growing period and 60 luxes/16 hours during laying period. Birds in group B1 were provided photoperiod of 5 luxes/16 hours during growing and 15 luxes/20 hours during laying period, while in group B2 photoperiod of 5 luxes/12 hours during growing and 15 luxes/18 hours during laying period was provided. Group C was kept as control group. Results indicated average body weight of group A1, A2, B1, B2 and C, 196.25; 192.24; 186.98; 190.00 and 190.44g/b respectively, feed intake 202.13; 211.98; 230.11; 212.25 and 207.11g/b respectively. The FCR was recorded best in group A1, while carcass weight (99.57g), dressing percentage (52.02%) and egg length (33.11mm) was found higher in group A2. Average egg production percent was higher in group B1 (70.24), egg width in A1 (24.89) respectively. Study concludes that the Bambusicola thoracicus reared under 80 luxes light intensity for 8hrs per day during growing period and 240 luxes light intensity for 16hrs per day in laying period showed better FCR and feed intake, however egg production was observed better when birds were provided 5 luxes for 16hrs photoperiod during growing and 15 luxes for 20hrs photoperiod during laying period.

THE EFFECT OF (Morinda citrifolia L.) MEAL IN DIET ON PERFORMANCE OF BROILER

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Yosi Fenita
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Effect Of Feeding ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Average Body Weight

The objective of the research was to evaluate to effect of feeding mengkudu on performances of broilers. The research design used was completely randomized design. One hundred broilers were distributed into five treatments. The treatments were different levels of mengkudu meal (0, 0.75%, 1.5%, 2.25 % and 3%). The observed measured were feed consumption, average body weight (gain) and feed conversion. Results showed that feeding mengkudu (Morinda Citrifolia L.)  no effect significant (P>0.05) on feed consumption, average body weight and feed conversion.  In conclusion, feeding mengkudu meal up to 3% (in diet) does not negatively affect feed consumption, average body weight, and feed conversion.

scholarly journals The Effects of Feed Color on Broiler Performance between Day 1 and 21

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1511
Author(s):  
Joseph P. Gulizia ◽  
Kevin M. Downs
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Broiler Performance ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Average Body Weight

Two trials were conducted to determine feed color effects on broiler performance. A completely randomized design was used. Trial 1 included four treatments: control (complete broiler starter diet), red, green, and blue; and Trial 2 included four treatments: control, orange, yellow, and purple. Each trial had 4 treatments with 4 replicates (60 birds/treatment) fed to 240 male Cobb 500 broilers during a 21 d grow out. Data were analyzed using the GLM procedure. In Trial 1, there were no treatment effects on average body weight, body weight gain, and feed consumption (p > 0.05). Adjusted feed conversion for control (1.23) was less than red (1.27; p = 0.001) and green (1.26; p = 0.009), with blue (1.25; p = 0.056) tending to be different during the experimental period. In Trial 2, there were no treatment effects on average body weight, feed consumption, and adjusted feed conversion during this study (p > 0.05). Body weight gain between d 1 to 14 for purple (490.78 g/bird) was more than orange (467 g/bird; p = 0.013) and yellow (461 g/bird; p= 0.004), with control (474 g/bird; p = 0.052) tending to be different. Results indicate that these feed colors had some, albeit limited, influence on broiler performance parameters.

Early sex determination of Turkey by observation of differences in body weight between male and female

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-226
Author(s):  
S Akter ◽  
SC Das ◽  
AS Apu ◽  
T Ahmed ◽  
A Lahiry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Live Body Weight ◽  
Commercial Broiler ◽  
Percent Accuracy ◽  
Similar Body ◽  
Black Color ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Average Body Weight

The present study was conducted to determine the early sex in turkeys by observation of the differences in body weight between male and female birds. A total of 30-day old black color unsexed poults having almost similar body weight at hatching were considered for the experimentation and housed at the Poultry Farm of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh. All birds were reared up to 12 weeks of age under intensive management with supplementation of commercial broiler starter and grower feeds. Birds were reared under similar management conditions. Significantly higher (p<0.01) body weight was attained in male poults (104g/bird) than the female (90g/bird) at the end of 1st week of age. Similarly, at the end of 2nd week of age higher (p<0.01) body weight attained by male poults (198.31g/bird) than the female (162.13g/bird). At the end of 3rd weeks of age male poults attained higher (p<0.01) body weight (307.23g/bird) than the female (251.33g/bird). After 4 weeks of rearing, male turkeys attained significantly higher (p<0.01) live body weight (424.46g/bird) than the female turkeys (347.87g/bird). The weekly average body weight gains of male and female birds were 94.18g/bird and 76.5g/bird, respectively. Thus, the male and female birds were successfully identified on the basis of differences in their body weight. Weekly feed intake for both the male and female birds was also increased with their age. Up to 4 weeks of age, both the male and female poults consumed same amount of feed (753.46g/bird). The FCR of male and female poults differed non-significantly in 1st, 3rd and 4th week. On the contrary, in 2nd week of age the FCR of male poults (1.60) was significantly lower (p<0.01) than female (2.11). Survivability was 100% up to 4th week of age irrespective of sex of the poults. The birds were reared up to 12 weeks of age until to confirm their sex by observation of the phenotypic appearance. Results of the phenotypic observation of male and female birds correspondence hundred percent accuracy with the results obtained in body weight based differences between male and female birds. It is therefore concluded that farmers can identify male or female poults as early as first week of age on the basis of body weight differences. Progressive Agriculture 31 (3): 218-226, 2020

scholarly journals Quantitative characteristics of the carcasses of Moxotó and Canindé goats fed diets with two different energy levels

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 1565-1570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Cristina Chacon Lisboa ◽  
Dermeval Araújo Furtado ◽  
Ariosvaldo Nunes de Medeiros ◽  
Roberto Germano Costa ◽  
Rita de Cássia do Egypto Queiroga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Energy Level ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Quantitative Characteristics ◽  
Energetic Level ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Average Body Weight

The objective of this work was to evaluate the quantitative characteristics of carcasses of Moxotó and Canindé goats finished in feedlots and fed diets of two levels of energy. It was used 40 castrated young goats, 20 from Moxotó breed and 20 from Canindé breed, each one with an average body weight of 15.2 kg. The animals were fed with diets containing 2.20 and 2.71 (Mcal/kg DM). The experimental period lasted 86 days. There was no difference among the barometric measures of Moxotó and Canindé kids. Canindé goats showed higher final weight, higher weight after fasting and higher hot and cold carcass weights when compared to the Moxotó animals. Animals that consumed diets with higher energy level had higher final weight and conformation as well as higher carcass yield. Considering the percentage values of the commercial meat cuts, no difference among treatments was observed. The diet was the factor that most influenced the non-constituent components of the carcass of Moxotó and Canindé goats. In general, animals belonging to the Canindé breed presented higher quantitative characteristics than the Moxotó breed. Supply of diets with higher energetic level (2.71 Mcal/kg DM) for goats from Moxotó and Canindé breeds, in feedlots, favors the production of carcass with higher yields and heavier commercial meat cuts.

scholarly journals Growth of Listeria monocytogenes in Thawed Frozen Foods

2017 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ai Kataoka ◽  
Hua Wang ◽  
Philip H. Elliott ◽  
Richard C. Whiting ◽  
Melinda M. Hayman
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Quadratic Model ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Frozen Foods ◽  
Phase Duration ◽  
Primary Model

ABSTRACT The growth characteristics of Listeria monocytogenes inoculated onto frozen foods (corn, green peas, crabmeat, and shrimp) and thawed by being stored at 4, 8, 12, and 20°C were investigated. The growth parameters, lag-phase duration (LPD) and exponential growth rate (EGR), were determined by using a two-phase linear growth model as a primary model and a square root model for EGR and a quadratic model for LPD as secondary models, based on the growth data. The EGR model predictions were compared with growth rates obtained from the USDA Pathogen Modeling Program, calculated with similar pH, salt percentage, and NaNO2 parameters, at all storage temperatures. The results showed that L. monocytogenes grew well in all food types, with the growth rate increasing with storage temperature. Predicted EGRs for all food types demonstrated the significance of storage temperature and similar growth rates among four food types. The predicted EGRs showed slightly slower rate compared with the values from the U.S. Department of Agriculture Pathogen Modeling Program. LPD could not be accurately predicted, possibly because there were not enough sampling points. These data established by using real food samples demonstrated that L. monocytogenes can initiate growth without a prolonged lag phase even at refrigeration temperature (4°C), and the predictive models derived from this study can be useful for developing proper handling guidelines for thawed frozen foods during production and storage.

scholarly journals Growth and body weight of free-range reindeer in western Alaska

Rangifer ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 20 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg L. Finstad ◽  
Alexander K. Prichard
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Reproductive Females ◽  
Average Body

Total body weight of 9749 reindeer calves and 4798 adult reindeer were measured from 1984 to 1999 on the Seward Peninsula, western Alaska, USA. Growth rates of male and female calves, and annual growth patterns of adults were determined. Male calves grew faster than female calves. Reproductive females were lighter than non-reproductive females during summer but there was no effect of reproduction on average body weights the following winter. Adult males age 3-5 were heavier during summer than winter. Castrated males weighed the same as uncastrated males in summer, but were significantly heavier in winter, and did not display the large annual fluctuations in weight typical of reproductive males and females. Growth rates were higher and body weights greater in this herd than many other cir-cumpolar reindeer populations. We suggest these kinds of physiological indices should be used to monitor the possible effects of spatial and temporal variation in population density and to evaluate changes in herding practices.

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