New multituberculate mammal from the Early Cretaceous of eastern North America

2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard L. Cifelli ◽  
Cynthia L. Gordon ◽  
Thomas R. Lipka
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Early Cretaceous ◽  
North American ◽  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Relative Length ◽  
Central Position ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
The North

Multituberculates, though among the most commonly encountered mammalian fossils of the Mesozoic, are poorly known from the North American Early Cretaceous, with only one taxon named to date. Herein we describe Argillomys marylandensis, gen. et sp. nov., from the Early Cretaceous of Maryland, based on an isolated M2. Argillomys represents the second mammal known from the Arundel Clay facies of the Patuxent Formation (Lower Cretaceous: Aptian). Though distinctive in its combination of characters (e.g., enamel ornamentation consisting of ribs and grooves only, cusp formula 2:4, presence of distinct cusp on anterobuccal ridge, enlargement of second cusp on buccal row, central position of ultimate cusp in lingual row, great relative length), the broader affinities of Argillomys cannot be established because of non-representation of the antemolar dentition. Based on lack of apomorphies commonly seen among Cimolodonta (e.g., three or more cusps present in buccal row, fusion of cusps in lingual row, cusps strongly pyramidal and separated by narrow grooves), we provisionally regard Argillomys as a multituberculate of “plagiaulacidan” grade. Intriguingly, it is comparable in certain respects to some unnamed Paulchoffatiidae, a family otherwise known from the Late Jurassic – Early Cretaceous of the Iberian Peninsula.

Key Role of the North Pacific Oscillation–West Pacific Pattern in Generating the Extreme 2013/14 North American Winter

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (20) ◽  
pp. 8109-8117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Baxter ◽  
Sumant Nigam
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
North Pacific Oscillation ◽  
Winter Climate ◽  
West Pacific ◽  
The North ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
The North Pacific

Abstract The 2013/14 boreal winter (December 2013–February 2014) brought extended periods of anomalously cold weather to central and eastern North America. The authors show that a leading pattern of extratropical variability, whose sea level pressure footprint is the North Pacific Oscillation (NPO) and circulation footprint the West Pacific (WP) teleconnection—together, the NPO–WP—exhibited extreme and persistent amplitude in this winter. Reconstruction of the 850-hPa temperature, 200-hPa geopotential height, and precipitation reveals that the NPO–WP was the leading contributor to the winter climate anomaly over large swaths of North America. This analysis, furthermore, indicates that NPO–WP variability explains the most variance of monthly winter temperature over central-eastern North America since, at least, 1979. Analysis of the NPO–WP related thermal advection provides physical insight on the generation of the cold temperature anomalies over North America. Although NPO–WP’s origin and development remain to be elucidated, its concurrent links to tropical SSTs are tenuous. These findings suggest that notable winter climate anomalies in the Pacific–North American sector need not originate, directly, from the tropics. More broadly, the attribution of the severe 2013/14 winter to the flexing of an extratropical variability pattern is cautionary given the propensity to implicate the tropics, following several decades of focus on El Niño–Southern Oscillation and its regional and far-field impacts.

A REARRANGEMENT OF THE NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF CLUBIONA, WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF TWO NEW SPECIES (ARANEIDA: CLUBIONIDAE)

1976 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 1155-1165 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. D. Dondale ◽  
J. H. Redner
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
North American Species ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
The North ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

AbstractThe 50 known species of North American Clubiona Latreille, 1804 are rearranged in seven species-groups as follows: trivialis group (1 Holarctic, 4 Nearctic), obesa group (11 Nearctic), reclusa group (2 Holarctic, 3 Nearctic), pallidula group (1 Holarctic), abboti group (25 Nearctic), lutescens group (1 Holarctic, 1 Nearctic), maritima group (1 Nearctic). Clubiona quebecana and C. angulata are described as new species from eastern North America. C. kuratai Roddy, 1966, originally described from the female only, is synonymized under C. chippewa Gertsch, 1941, which was originally described from the male only. C. opeongo Edwards, 1958 and C. bishopi Edwards, 1958 are redescribed, the male of the former and the female of the latter not having been previously described.

Trametes gibbosa (Basidiomycetes, Polyporales) in the USA and Canada

2007 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kout ◽  
J. Vlasák
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
North America ◽  
Mating Type ◽  
North American ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The North ◽  
The Usa ◽  
First Time

The polypore Trametes gibbosa (Pers.) Fries, common in Europe and Asia, is reported from eastern North America for the first time. Single basidiospore cultures from Pennsylvania, United States, and Quebec, Canada, were paired with each other and with cultures from the Czech Republic. The North American intercollection crosses were 60% compatible and 100% compatible with the Czech cultures. All the crosses among the Czech cultures were 100% compatible. The recent introduction of T. gibbosa to North America is suggested as a possible explanation for the limited number of mating-type alleles and subsequent incompatibility among the North American cultures.

scholarly journals Combined Influences on North American Winter Air Temperature Variability from North Pacific Blocking and the North Atlantic Oscillation: Subseasonal and Interannual Time Scales

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (16) ◽  
pp. 7101-7123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binhe Luo ◽  
Dehai Luo ◽  
Aiguo Dai ◽  
I. Simmonds ◽  
Lixin Wu
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
North American ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
The North Atlantic Oscillation ◽  
The North Pacific

AbstractWinter surface air temperature (SAT) over North America exhibits pronounced variability on subseasonal, interannual, decadal, and interdecadal time scales. Here, reanalysis data from 1950–2017 are analyzed to investigate the atmospheric and surface ocean conditions associated with its subseasonal to interannual variability. Detrended daily SAT data reveal a known warm west/cold east (WWCE) dipole over midlatitude North America and a cold north/warm south (CNWS) dipole over eastern North America. It is found that while the North Pacific blocking (PB) is important for the WWCE and CNWS dipoles, they also depend on the phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). When a negative-phase NAO (NAO−) coincides with PB, the WWCE dipole is enhanced (compared with the PB alone case) and it also leads to a warm north/cold south dipole anomaly in eastern North America; but when PB occurs with a positive-phase NAO (NAO+), the WWCE dipole weakens and the CNWS dipole is enhanced. The PB events concurrent with the NAO− (NAO+) and SAT WWCE (CNWS) dipole are favored by the Pacific El Niño–like (La Niña–like) sea surface temperature mode and the positive (negative) North Pacific mode. The PB-NAO+ has a larger component projecting onto the SAT WWCE dipole during the La Niña winter than during the El Niño winter because a more zonal wave train is formed. Strong North American SAT WWCE dipoles and enhanced projections of PB-NAO+ events onto the SAT WWCE dipole component are also readily seen for the positive North Pacific mode. The North Pacific mode seems to play a bigger role in the North American SAT variability than ENSO.

Melaspilea demissa(Tuck.) Zahlbr. (lichenized Ascomycota) in eastern North America with a key to North American species ofMelaspileas. lat.

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary B. Perlmutter ◽  
Shirley C. Tucker ◽  
Eimy Rivas Plata ◽  
Philippe Clerc ◽  
Robert Lücking
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
North American Species ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Type Collection ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
The North ◽  
Eastern Usa ◽  
Original Treatment

AbstractRecently collected specimens of the crustose lichenMelaspilea demissafrom south-eastern USA have been compared with those ofMelaspileaspp. previously determined from North America. A review of both the historical and contemporary treatments of this species is provided. A lectotype was selected from the type collection ofM. demissain FH and is here proposed as it best matches incomplete citations in the original treatment. We also discuss the nomenclatural and taxonomic status of the nameOpegrapha cymbiformisvar.deformis(considered a synonym ofM. gibberulosa). North American specimens ofM. gibberulosawere found to be misidentifications, as were specimens attributed toM. lentiginosula,M. mesophlebiaandM. octomera. We therefore recommend that these species be removed from the North American lichen checklist. We also present a key to North AmericanMelaspilea.

The bryophytes of Nachvak, northern Labrador, with additional records from Saglek

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (9) ◽  
pp. 2028-2036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry A. Hedderson ◽  
Guy R. Brassard
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Glacial History ◽  
The North ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
History Of

One hundred and thirty-four species of mosses and 18 species of liverworts are reported from Nachvak Fiord and 22 mosses are reported from Saglek Fiord. Nineteen of the mosses had not previously been reported from Labrador and 49 are new to northern Labrador. Seven of the liverworts are new to Labrador. Brophyte species new to eastern North America are Anastrophyllum assimile, Hygrophypnum cochlearifolium (possibly) and Lophozia cavifolia. The record of Lophozia cavifolia represents an addition to the hepatic flora of North America (excluding Greenland). The North American distributions of Hydrogrimmia mollis, Marsupella revoluta and Trichostomum arcticum are mapped. The high incidence of disjunct species in the bryoflora of the Torngat Mountains is discussed in relation to the proposed glacial history of the area.

A REVISION OF THE NORTH AMERICAN OMALIINAE (COLEOPTERA: STAPHYLINIDAE): 2. THE TRIBE CORYPHIINI

1978 ◽  
Vol 110 (S106) ◽  
pp. 21-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Biological Information ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
The North

AbstractThe tribe Coryphiini Hatch is redefined to include six genera and 18 species from North America. Two new genera are described: Gnathoryphium (type-species G. mandibulare n. sp.) and Holoboreaphilus (type-species Boreaphilus nordenskioeldi Maklin). Seven new species are described: Coryphium nigrum from the northeastern United States and Subhaida californica, S. aptera, S. monticola, S. utahensis, S. sinuata, and Gnathoryphium mandibulare from western North America. The genus Occiephelinus Hatch from western North America and Planeboreaphilus Shibata from Japan are considered junior synonyms of Coryphium Stephens. The western North American species formerly placed in Ephelinus Cockerell are transferred to the genus Coryphium. Pseudohaida ingrata Hatch is transferred to the genus Subhaida Hatch. Boreaphilus americanus Notman is placed in synonymy with B. henningianus C.R. Sahlberg.All genera and species are described. Habitus drawings, and line drawings of the antenna, labrum, maxilla, mandible, mentum, and labium are presented for at least one species of each genus. The aedeagus is illustrated for all the species except two that are known only from females.Of the species treated, three are Holarctic in distribution, four are restricted to eastern North America, and 11 are endemic to the mountainous areas of western North America.All available biological information for each species is included and a key is presented to aid in the identification of all the genera and species of the tribe in North America.

FAUNAL RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN EASTERN NORTH AMERICA AND EUROPE AS SHOWN BY INSECTS

1988 ◽  
Vol 120 (S144) ◽  
pp. 39-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald R. Noonan
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
North American ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Western North America ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
Fossil Data ◽  
Suitable Land

AbstractThe supercontinent of Pangaea, which once included most lands, fragmented during the Mesozoic. By the Late Cretaceous there were two northern land masses that were strikingly different from those of present day: Asiamerica consisting of present western North America and Asia; and Euramerica comprising Europe and eastern North America. Mild climates facilitated the spread of terrestrial organisms within each of these land masses, but epicontinental seas hindered movements between Europe and Asia and between eastern and western North America.The insects of Euramerica presumably once formed a fauna extending from eastern North America to Europe that differed from the fauna of Asiamerica. The opening of the North Atlantic separated insects in Europe from those in eastern North America. This produced vicarious patterns, with some insects of eastern North America now being more closely related phylogenetically to those of Europe than to those of western North America. Most groups of insects have not been examined for such trans-Atlantic vicariances, but studies reviewed in this paper suggest such relationships for some groups of Collembola, Hemiptera, Homoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, and Hymenoptera.The last suitable land connections between Europe and eastern North America were severed approximately 20–35 million years ago. The insects separated by this severance evolved at different rates. Some groups split in this way have apparently undergone little evolution and have the same species on both sides of the North Atlantic, but other vicarious groups have differentiated into taxa that are now distinct at specific and supra-specific levels.The opening of the North Atlantic probably split both tropical- and temperate-adapted insects in Euramerica. However, without fossil data it is difficult to identify the biogeographical patterns resulting from such splitting of the tropical-adapted groups. Most presently recognized European and eastern North American vicarious patterns of insects were probably caused by division of Euramerica rather than dispersal across Beringia.

scholarly journals Rebuttal of McFeeters, Ryan and Cullen, 2018, ‘Positional variation in pedal unguals of North American ornithomimids (Dinosauria, Theropoda): A Response to Brownstein (2017)’

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 68-72
Author(s):  
Chase Doran Brownstein
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Early Cretaceous ◽  
North American ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Substantial Evidence ◽  
Theropod Dinosaur ◽  
Positional Variation ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Made In

The Arundel Clay of Maryland is among the only Early Cretaceous terrestrial units known from eastern North America. Research on some theropod dinosaur bones from this layer has indicated the presence of two ornithomimosaur taxa in the assemblage. However, a recent paper discussed issues with the definite assignment of any of these unguals to Ornithomimosauria and suggested that morphological differences originally interpreted to be indicative of the presence of two ornithomimosaurs could be explained by positional variation. Here, I show that substantial evidence persists for the presence of two ornithomimosaurs in the Arundel Clay assemblage, even considering the recent description of positional variation in ornithomimosaur pedal unguals. Furthermore, the argument against the confident assignment of these unguals to ornithomimosaurs is shown to be based on oversimplified comparisons that do not take into account the combination of features in the Arundel specimens that allow for their assignment to that clade. Although several small points made in the initial paper describing the Arundel specimens are incorrect or unsubstantiated, the differences between the Maryland unguals are outside the spectrum of positional variation and are indicative of the presence of two ornithomimosaurs in the Arundel Clay assemblage.

GEOGRAPHIC AFFINITIES OF THE NORTH AMERICAN MECOPTERA

1988 ◽  
Vol 120 (S144) ◽  
pp. 25-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
George W. Byers
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
North American ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Neotropical Region ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
The North ◽  
Asiatic Species ◽  
Early Cenozoic ◽  
Nearctic Region

AbstractMecoptera of the Nearctic Region are, in general, more like those of the eastern Palaearctic than of any other faunal region. But the fossil record shows that our major extant genera have been in the northern continents since Early Cenozoic. Panorpidae and Panorpodidae probably entered North America by way of Beringia in the Eocene or Oligocene. Nearctic Bittacidae probably came from the Neotropical Region, but a few exhibit peculiar affinities with some eastern Asiatic species, suggesting migration out of the Nearctic into the Palaearctic. Boreidae appear to have been of North American origin but are now Holarctic; they are unknown as fossils. The Meropeidae were probably widespread in mid–Mesozoic but now are found only in eastern North America and western Australia.

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