The relationship of Physaloptera maxillaris (Nematoda: Physalopteroidea) to skunk (Mephitis mephitis)

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert C. Lincoln ◽  
Roy C. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Food Deprivation ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Mephitis Mephitis ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Adequate Diet ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Food Reserves ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

In skunk (Mephitis mephitis Schreber), stomach worms (Physaloptera maxillaris Molin 1860) detach from the stomach wall and feed on stomach contents. There was no evidence that worms feed on gastric mucosa as previously suggested for some related species. This feeding behavior is probably characteristic of the Physalopterinae. Experimental studies, as well as examination of wild skunk throughout the year, showed that development of worms is markedly influenced by the diet of the host. Larvae grew and eggs were produced in 65–76 days in skunk given an adequate diet. Larvae persisted but failed lo grow in skunk deprived of food for up to 70 days. In regions where the host must occasionally endure extended periods of food deprivation (e.g. during winter), small larvae (probably the third stage) persist in the stomach while other stages are passed out. These small larvae are apparently able to survive on stored food reserves and are resistant to periods of food deprivation. Larvae which have persisted throughout winter months in skunk begin to grow in the spring when food becomes available. Worms begin to produce numerous eggs which are passed in the faeces of the skunk in midsummer when intermediate hosts are abundant.

Application of Galvanic Zinc-Iron Coating in the Repair of Transport and Technological Machines

2021 ◽  
Vol 1022 ◽  
pp. 181-193
Author(s):  
Dmitry M. Rozhkov ◽  
Evgenia V. Eltoshkina ◽  
Petr I. Ilyin ◽  
Olga A. Svirbutovich
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Iron Alloy ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Experimental Base ◽  
Optimal Resource ◽  
Iron Coating ◽  
Saving Mode ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Kinetics Of

The article presents the results of experimental studies to determine the relationship between the electrolysis modes and the properties of electroplating coatings for mathematical modeling of the dynamics of the electrolytic process (MDEP), described by a system of ordinary differential equations due to the complex relationship of the kinetics of chemical reactions, hydrodynamics and mass transfer in the electrolyte flow, the kinematics of electrode plates, and the influence of the electric field of the "anode-cathode" pair on all these processes. At the same time, the experimental base was a series of full-scale experiments to restore the seats of the root supports of cylinder blocks with electroplated coatings. The final result of the research is the procedure for constructing an optimal resource-saving mode of electroplating, which is a zinc-iron alloy.

Measuring change

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Streiner ◽  
Geoffrey R. Norman ◽  
John Cairney
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Curve Analysis ◽  
Growth Curve Analysis ◽  
Clinical Assessments ◽  
Measuring Change ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Measure Change ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Methodological Difficulties

Although the goal of many clinical assessments and research studies is to measure how much people change between two occasions, the measurement of change is fraught with conceptual and methodological difficulties. One of the difficulties is that there are (at least) two different reasons to measure change: to determine if intervention had any effect, and to identify the correlates of change. These two goals work against each other, because the former requires there to be little difference in the amount of change among people in the same group, while the latter depends on inter-individual differences. The chapter also discusses various biases that exist when people are asked directly how much they think they have changed. This chapter addresses the issues of the relationship of change to the reliability of the scale, difficulties of measuring change in experimental and quasi-experimental studies, and new approaches to measuring change, such as growth curve analysis.

scholarly journals Contact-deformation mechanism of boundary friction

2020 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 14004
Author(s):  
Alexandr Dykha ◽  
Volodymyr Kukhar ◽  
Viktor Artiukh ◽  
Maxim Aleksandrovskiy
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Deformation Mechanisms ◽  
Internal Stresses ◽  
Stress And Strain ◽  
Relative Deformation ◽  
Contact Deformation ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Friction Units ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Research was conducted to determine the effect of lubricants on stress and strain in the contact of metal surfaces. Experiments were carried out on the introduction of a fixed and moving indenter in contact with a dry and lubricated surface.The steel spherical specimen was pressed into a lubricated and dry metal surface. The microstructures of the structure of the surface layer are studied under various conditions of deformation. The diagrams of the relative deformation of the surface layers are constructed. The mechanism of the formation and distribution of internal stresses for dry and greased contact is described. Experimental studies of the introduction of a moving steel indenter into a lubricated surface have been carried out. The relationship of the deformation mechanisms of lubricated surfaces with their wear resistance is determined. The results obtained are recommended for predicting the durability of lubricated friction units according to the criterion of contact strength.

scholarly journals N.I. KAREEV ON THE DIALOGUE OF CULTURES IN LINE WITH THE VIEWS OF WESTERN EUROPEAN PHILOSOPHERS OF XVIII-XIX CENTURIES

2020 ◽  
pp. 150-161
Author(s):  
Елена Евгеньевна Михайлова ◽  
Надежда Александровна Соболева
Keyword(s):  
World History ◽  
Philosophy Of History ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
History Of ◽  
Classical Philosophy ◽  
Western European ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
The Relationship

Рассматривается диалог культур в трактовке западноевропейских мыслителей XVIII-XIX вв. Показано, что изучение истории взаимоотношений различных, в своем основании и формах, культур прошло три содержательных этапа: первый - начало «разговора» о взаимоотношении культур и постановка понятий «Запад» и «Восток» (просветители); второй - смещение вопроса о дуальности «Запад - Восток» на уровень дилеммы философии истории и всемирной истории (представители немецкой классической философии); третий - применение новой, многофакторной методологии (позитивисты). Сделан вывод о том, что русский историк и представитель позитивистской философии истории Н.И. Кареев дал конструктивно-критическую оценку воззрениям западноевропейских мыслителей на проблему взаимоотношений разных культур и творчески использовал их идеи в построении своей философии истории. The article deals with the dialogue of cultures in the interpretation of Western European thinkers of the XVIII-XIX centuries. It is shown that the study of the history of relations between cultures, which differ in their basis and forms, has passed three meaningful stages. The first stage is the beginning of a «conversation» about the relationship of cultures and the formulation of the concepts of «West» and «East» (enlighteners). The second stage is characterized by a shift of the question of the duality of «West-East» to the level of the dilemma of the philosophy of history and world history (representatives of German classical philosophy). The third stage is the application of a new, multi-factor methodology (positivists). It is concluded that the Russian historian and representative of the positivist philosophy of history N.I. Kareev gave a constructive and critical assessment of the views of Western European thinkers on the problem of relations between different cultures and creatively used their ideas in building his philosophy of history.

scholarly journals THE MOLECULAR MECHANISM OF LACTOFERRIN INFLUENCE ON BONE FORMATION

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-22
Author(s):  
P E Sadchikov ◽  
I L Goldman ◽  
S V Razin ◽  
A D Chernousov ◽  
L I Alekseeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Postmenopausal Osteoporosis ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Specific Receptors ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

In present critical review of systematized materials on the breakthrough achievements of the last decade - the discovery of the effect of protein lactoferrin (LF) on bone formation. It is shownthat LF increases the number of osteoblasts, stimulate their proliferation and differentiation, and prevents their destruction. Action of LF exceeds that of many other previously established bone-forming factors. LF increases the ability of osteoblasts to synthesize and mineralize bone matrix. Apparently, the effect of LF on bone anabolism ensured by the presence of specific receptors on osteoblasts. It was found that LF also inhibits the formation of osteoclasts. Experimental studies have demonstrated that LF prevents the destruction of bone tissue in ovariectomizedanimals and, thus, developing the type of postmenstrual osteoporosis in women. We get the first clinical studies demonstrating an increase in the period of healing of bone injuries while reducing the level of endogenous LF. Since molecular research establishes that the expression of the LF gene is regulated by estrogen, which reduces the development of postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) in women, there is a need to further investigate the relationship of these processes, which will help to create a basis for the management of bone formation.

scholarly journals Organic matter and mineralization of river waters in mountains of Russia and adjacent countries

2019 ◽  
pp. 99-106
Author(s):  
M. P. Smirnov
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Mountain Rivers ◽  
River Waters ◽  
Taiga Forest ◽  
Salinity Water ◽  
Cis Countries ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The article examines general regularities of the formation of dissolved organic matter (DOM), salinity (∑), the acid-alkaline indicators (pH) river waters in the mountains with various types of altitudinal zonation in Russia and CIS countries. The analysis is based on the results of many years of experimental studies in the network of the Roshydromet. The reaction of water of rivers in a southerly direction in accordance with changes in landscape-geochemical conditions are sequentially changed from acidic in the tundra of the Arctic to neutral in the tundra and taiga, slightly alkaline in forest-meadow and alkaline in a desert and subtropical mountains. The average annual salinity water of the mountain rivers in two Northern types of vertical zones is 42 and 74 mg/l, in two Southern types – 140 and 450 mg/l. The average annual values of permanganate (PO) and bichromate (BO) oxidation, and color of river water in xerophytic desert-subtropical mountains are small (3 and 7), and increase to medium and slightly increased grades into humid tundra and taiga, tundra of the Arctic, and the forest meadow mountains (7–8 and 13–18 mg O/l). Relationships PO:BO change from 62% in the tundra of the Arctic up to 50%, 41% and 35% in the tundra and taiga, forest-meadow and desert-subtropical mountains. The content of humic (HA) and fulvic (FA) acids is also maximum in two Northern types of vertical zones (0.224 and 1.80 mg/l) and decreases in the two Southern types to 0.013 and 0.067, 0.373 and 0.637 mg/l. The relationship of contents of HA and FA decreases to the South in forest-grassland and desert-subtropical mountains in 1.3 and 3.7 times.

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