The ecology of the deer mouse, Peromyscus maniculatus, in a coastal coniferous forest. III. Stomach-weight variation

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (11) ◽  
pp. 1311-1315 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Harling ◽  
R. M. F. S. Sadleir
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Peromyscus Maniculatus ◽  
Deer Mouse ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Deer Mice ◽  
Full Stomach ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
Stomach Weight

The frequency distribution of over 600 stomach weights of deer mice showed considerable variation and was highly skewed. Because of the difficulty of defining a "full" stomach, it was not possible to use the weights of stomachs sampled to estimate consumption rates. There were no significant seasonal changes in mean stomach weights over a 3-year study and no relationship between stomach weights and sexual condition was found.

The ecology of the deer mouse Peromyscus maniculatus in a coastal coniferous forest. II. Reproduction

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. F. S. Sadleir
Keyword(s):  
Deer Mouse ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Deer Mice ◽  
Reproductive Phenology ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Breeding Condition ◽  
Breeding Seasons

The duration and intensity of reproduction in deer mice was followed for four seasons by live and dead trapping. Three populations living in different types of forest habitat had synchronous breeding seasons, although there were major differences between years in the time of onset and cessation of breeding and in the proportion of females in breeding condition. No consistent relationships were found between either density changes or the incidence of parasitism and reproductive phenology. In the absence of overt food fluctuations there was a relationship between unseasonable temperature changes and breeding. Sudden increases in temperature may have stimulated the onset of breeding but its cessation before the autumn equinox was always associated with a considerable decrease in temperature if this occurred after April. In 57 pregnancies the corpora lutea count was 4.75 ± 1.12 and embryo count was 4.52 ± 1.16. [Formula: see text].

scholarly journals Development and Characterization of a Sin Nombre Virus Transmission Model in Peromyscus maniculatus

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryce Warner ◽  
Derek Stein ◽  
Bryan Griffin ◽  
Kevin Tierney ◽  
Anders Leung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peromyscus Maniculatus ◽  
Deer Mouse ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Transmission Model ◽  
Deer Mice ◽  
Sin Nombre Virus ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Main Driver ◽  
Heat Shock Responses

In North America, Sin Nombre virus (SNV) is the main cause of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS), a severe respiratory disease with a fatality rate of 35–40%. SNV is a zoonotic pathogen carried by deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus), and few studies have been performed examining its transmission in deer mouse populations. Studying SNV and other hantaviruses can be difficult due to the need to propagate the virus in vivo for subsequent experiments. We show that when compared with standard intramuscular infection, the intraperitoneal infection of deer mice can be as effective in producing SNV stocks with a high viral RNA copy number, and this method of infection provides a more reproducible infection model. Furthermore, the age and sex of the infected deer mice have little effect on viral replication and shedding. We also describe a reliable model of direct experimental SNV transmission. We examined the transmission of SNV between deer mice and found that direct contact between deer mice is the main driver of SNV transmission rather than exposure to contaminated excreta/secreta, which is thought to be the main driver of transmission of the virus to humans. Furthermore, increases in heat shock responses or testosterone levels in SNV-infected deer mice do not increase the replication, shedding, or rate of transmission. Here, we have demonstrated a model for the transmission of SNV between deer mice, the natural rodent reservoir for the virus. The use of this model will have important implications for further examining SNV transmission and in developing strategies for the prevention of SNV infection in deer mouse populations.

Demographic responses of small mammal populations to a herbicide application in coastal coniferous forest: population density and resiliency

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 874-883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammal ◽  
Average Duration ◽  
Deer Mouse ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Control Area ◽  
Deer Mice ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Small Mammal Species ◽  
Demographic Responses

This study was designed to assess the demographic responses of small mammal populations to herbicide-induced habitat alteration in a 7-year-old Douglas-fir plantation near Maple Ridge, British Columbia, Canada. Populations of the deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus), Oregon vole (Microtus oregoni), Townsend chipmunk (Eutamias townsendii), and shrews (Sorex spp.) were sampled in control and treatment habitats from April 1981 to September 1983 and from April to October 1985. Recolonization of removal areas by these species was also monitored in both habitats. There was little difference in abundance of deer mice, Oregon voles, and shrews between control and treatment study areas. Chipmunk populations appeared to decline temporarily on the treatment areas relative to controls. Recolonization by voles was not affected by habitat change, but for deer mice was lower on the treatment than control area. Both deer mouse and Oregon vole populations were at comparable densities on control and treatment areas in the second and fourth years after herbicide treatment. The proportion of breeding animals and average duration of life were similar in control and treatment populations of deer mice and voles. These small mammal species should be able to persist in areas of coastal coniferous forest that are treated with herbicide for conifer release.

Some aspects of overwintering in Peromyscus maniculatus

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 386-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucius L. Stebbins
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Peromyscus Maniculatus ◽  
Deer Mice ◽  
Conservation Of Energy ◽  
Caloric Consumption ◽  
Specific Food

Seasonal changes in growth and food consumption of captive deer mice Peromyscus maniculatus, caged in a seminatural environment were measured at Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada. Significant decreases in growth and in weight-specific food consumption occurred in winter months. Daily caloric consumption was not significantly lower in winter than in the fall but increased significantly in spring concurrently with both significant increases in weight and weight-specific food consumption. Results are discussed relative to the need for conservation of energy in winter and the contribution reduced growth and activity could make toward such a saving.

Sodium pentobarbital induced alterations in regional distribution of blood in Peromyscus maniculatus (deer mouse) and Eptesicus fuscus (big brown bat)

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (12) ◽  
pp. 1931-1935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josefine C. Rauch ◽  
David D. Beatty
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Peromyscus Maniculatus ◽  
Deer Mouse ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
Regional Distribution ◽  
Deer Mice ◽  
Sodium Pentobarbital ◽  
Blood Distribution ◽  
Big Brown Bat ◽  
Pentobarbital Anaesthesia

This study demonstrates the effect of sodium pentobarbital anaesthesia on heart rate (HR) and blood distribution (Sapirstein method) in the deer mouse, Peromyscus maniculatus, and in the big brown bat, Eptesicus fuscus.Resting HR's average 400 beats/min and 334 beats/min in deer mice and bats, respectively. Administration of 40 mg/kg sodium pentobarbital results in marked tachycardia in deer mice but not in bats. A dose of 60 mg/kg causes a slight increase of HR above resting values in the mice and a significant decrease in the bats. The comparatively low HR's in bats are considered to be due to their lowering of body temperature to near environmental levels.The general pattern of blood distribution is comparable between the two species investigated. Sodium pentobarbital administration results in a pronounced redistribution of blood which includes an increase in the fractional delivery of cardiac output to viscera of the abdomen primarily at the expense of skeletal muscle.

Population Dynamics of Deer Mice, Peromyscus maniculatus, and Yellow-pine Chipmunks, Tamias amoenus, in Old Field and Orchard Habitats

2004 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Sullivan ◽  
Druscilla S. Sullivan ◽  
Eugene J. Hogue
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Peromyscus Maniculatus ◽  
Deer Mouse ◽  
Detailed Comparison ◽  
Rodent Species ◽  
Deer Mice ◽  
Old Field ◽  
Tamias Amoenus ◽  
Yellow Pine ◽  
Mammal Communities

There are often several rodent species included in the small mammal communities in orchard agro-ecosystems. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that the population levels of Deer Mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) and Yellow-pine Chipmunks (Tamias amoenus) would be enhanced in old field compared with orchard habitats. Rodent populations were intensively livetrapped in replicate old field and orchard sites over a four-year period at Summerland, British Columbia, Canada. Deer Mouse populations were, on average, significantly higher (2.5 – 3.4 times) in the old field than orchard sites in summer and winter periods. Mean numbers/ha of Deer Mice ranged from 12.1 to 60.4 in old field sites and from 3.3 to 19.9 in orchard sites. Breeding seasons in orchards were significantly longer than those in old field sites, in terms of proportion of reproductive male Deer Mice. Recruitment of new animals and early juvenile survival of Deer Mice were similar in orchard and old field sites. Populations of Yellow-pine Chipmunks ranged in mean abundance/ha from 5.6 – 19.0 in old field sites and from 1.9 – 17.5 on one orchard site, with no difference in mean abundance in 2 of 4 years of the study. Recruitment and mean survival of Yellow-pine Chipmunks also followed this pattern. This study is the first detailed comparison of the population dynamics of these rodent species in old field and orchard habitats. These species should be able to maintain their population levels and help contribute to a diversity of small mammals in this agrarian landscape.

The ecology of the deer mouse Peromyscus maniculatus in a coastal coniferous forest. I. Population dynamics

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. G. Petticrew ◽  
R. M. F. S. Sadleir
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Deer Mouse ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Deer Mice ◽  
Population Parameters ◽  
Male Behavior ◽  
Mature Forest ◽  
Live Trapping ◽  
Breeding Seasons

A 3-year live-trapping study of deer mice was carried out on separate 1-hectarc (ha) grids located in a mature forest, a recently logged area, and a young plantation. Despite apparent gross differences in the habitats, populations on the recently logged area were similar in numbers, survival, and recruitment to those in the mature forest. There were greater differences in population parameters between years than between these two areas. Populations of deer mice in the young plantation were lower in numbers and eventually went to extinction in the summer of 1970. This appeared to be due rather to the presence of numerous Microtus oregoni in this area than to the habitat being less suitable for deer mice.On the basis of this and previous studies it is proposed that the numbers of deer mice in a population are regulated as follows. During breeding seasons the numbers of males and juveniles are regulated by agonistic male behavior while the numbers of females may be a function of the length of the breeding season. During non-breeding seasons the changes in numbers of all deer mice are regulated by the length of such seasons.

Energy partitioning in torpor-sensitive and torpor-resistant deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus)

1996 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
pp. 1179-1186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon A. Sheafor ◽  
Gregory K. Snyder
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Peromyscus Maniculatus ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Deer Mice ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Daily Torpor ◽  
Small Rodents ◽  
Energy Turnover ◽  
Fat Reserves ◽  
Consumption Rates

We examined metabolic rates in 25 deer mice, Peromyscus maniculatus nebrascensis, held at an ambient temperature of 10 °C and found that all of them had the ability to enter torpor. However, we found a gradation between the most torpor-sensitive and the most torpor-resistant animals, suggesting that the expression of torpor is more than a simple all-or-nothing phenomenon. On a daily basis, the most torpor-sensitive and torpor-resistant mice partition energy similarly when food is not restricted. On restricted food, both groups of mice decrease the amount of time spent active and increase the amount of time spent at rest and in torpor. In addition, both groups of mice decrease oxygen-consumption rates and body temperatures during rest and the most torpor-sensitive mice further decrease energy costs by entering longer and deeper bouts of torpor. However, the overall energy saving due to torpor is only about 6%. Thus, the widely held view that the adaptive advantage of daily torpor is a large energy saving may be open to question. Alternatively, daily torpor may be important for reducing the rate of energy turnover when these small rodents must rely on body fat reserves.

Effects of isolation on red-backed voles (Clethrionomys gapperi) and deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) in a sage–steppe matrix

2001 ◽  
Vol 79 (9) ◽  
pp. 1597-1603
Author(s):  
W Christopher Witt ◽  
Nancy Huntly
Keyword(s):  
Peromyscus Maniculatus ◽  
Deer Mouse ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Habitat Characteristics ◽  
Deer Mice ◽  
Habitat Isolation ◽  
Clethrionomys Gapperi ◽  
Habitat Specialist ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
Naturally Occurring

Effects of habitat isolation can differ among species, thereby influencing populations both directly and indirectly. We used naturally occurring forest patches surrounded by a sage–steppe matrix in southeast Idaho to test the hypothesis that a habitat specialist, the red-backed vole (Clethrionomys gapperi), would have movements restricted and therefore population densities reduced on forest patches isolated by distances equal to or greater than their typical home-range diameter. We hypothesized that the more generalized deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus) would not show effects of isolation at this scale. We tested for effects of isolation on these small mammals in 1999 and 2000 in forest patches that varied in distance to a mainland forest. Densities of red-backed voles decreased with isolation and those of deer mice did not. However, strong relationships were also found between red-backed vole densities and habitat characteristics, which themselves varied with isolation. Livestock apparently had disproportionate effects on the more isolated patches, thereby altering ground cover. Isolation by distances up to 450 m appears to reduce (filter) rather than eliminate immigration of red-backed voles; however, effects of livestock on isolated habitat patches may prevent successful dispersers from populating patches.

scholarly journals Phylogeography of the deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus) provides a predictive framework for research on hantaviruses

2006 ◽  
Vol 87 (7) ◽  
pp. 1997-2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry W. Dragoo ◽  
J. Alden Lackey ◽  
Kathryn E. Moore ◽  
Enrique P. Lessa ◽  
Joseph A. Cook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Peromyscus Maniculatus ◽  
Deer Mouse ◽  
Deer Mice ◽  
Sin Nombre Virus ◽  
Rodent Host ◽  
Bayesian Analyses ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Virus Strains

Phylogeographical partitioning of Sin Nombre and Monongahela viruses (hantaviruses) may reflect that of their primary rodent host, the deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus). Lack of a comprehensive assessment of phylogeographical variation of the host has precluded the possibility of predicting spatial limits of existing strains of these viruses or geographical regions where novel viral strains might emerge. The complete cytochrome b gene was sequenced for 206 deer mice collected from sites throughout North America to provide a foundation for future studies of spatial structure and evolution of this ubiquitous host. Bayesian analyses of these sequences partitioned deer mice into six largely allopatric lineages, some of which may represent unrecognized species. The geographical distributions of these lineages were probably shaped by Quaternary climatic events. Populations of mice were apparently restricted to refugia during glacial advances, where they experienced genetic divergence. Expansion of these populations, following climatic amelioration, brought genetically distinctive forms into contact. Occurrence of parallel changes in virus strains can now be explored in appropriate regions. In New Mexico, for example, near the location where Sin Nombre virus was first discovered, there are three genetically distinctive lineages of deer mice whose geographical ranges need to be delineated precisely. The phylogeography of P. maniculatus provides a framework for interpreting geographical variability, not only in hosts, but also in associated viral variants and disease transmission, and an opportunity to predict the potential geographical distribution of newly emerging viral strains.

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