scholarly journals THE DUALIZED STANDARD MODEL AND ITS APPLICATIONS — AN INTERIM REPORT

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 2173-2203 ◽  
Author(s):  
HONG-MO CHAN ◽  
SHEUNG TSUN TSOU
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Fermion Mass ◽  
Mass Hierarchy ◽  
Matrix Elements ◽  
Ckm Matrix ◽  
High Energy Cosmic Rays ◽  
Perturbative Method ◽  
Ckm Matrix Elements ◽  
Physical Consequences

Based on a non-Abelian generalization of electric–magnetic duality, the Dualized Standard Model (DSM) suggests a natural explanation for exactly three generations of fermions as the "dual colour" [Formula: see text] symmetry broken in a particular manner. The resulting scheme then offers on the one hand a fermion mass hierarchy and a perturbative method for calculating the mass and mixing parameters of the Standard Model fermions, and on the other hand testable predictions for new phenomena ranging from rare meson decays to ultra-high energy cosmic rays. Calculations to one-loop order gives, at the cost of adjusting only three real parameters, values for the following quantities all (except one) in very good agreement with experiment: the quark CKM matrix elements ‖Vrs‖, the lepton CKM matrix elements ‖Urs‖, and the second generation masses mc, ms, mμ. This means, in particular, that it gives near maximal mixing Uμ3 between νμ and ντ as observed by SuperKamiokande, Kamiokande and Soudan, while keeping small the corresponding quark angles Vcb, Vts. In addition, the scheme gives (i) rough order-of-magnitude estimates for the masses of the lowest generation, (ii) predictions for low energy FCNC effects such as KL→ eμ, and (iii) a possible explanation for the long-standing puzzle of air showers beyond the GZK cut-off. All these together, however, still represent but a portion of the possible physical consequences derivable from the DSM scheme, the majority of which are yet to be explored.

scholarly journals A bottom-up approach to fermion mass hierarchy: a case with vector-like fermions

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiharu Kawamura
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
Yukawa Coupling ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Fermion Mass ◽  
Extended Model ◽  
Mass Hierarchy ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Existence Proofs ◽  
The Standard Model

Abstract We propose a bottom-up approach in which a structure of high-energy physics is explored by accumulating existence proofs and/or no-go theorems in the standard model or its extension. As an illustration, we study fermion mass hierarchies based on an extension of the standard model with vector-like fermions. It is shown that the magnitude of elements of Yukawa coupling matrices can become $O(1)$ and a Yukawa coupling unification can be realized in a theory beyond the extended model, if vector-like fermions mix with three families. In this case, small Yukawa couplings in the standard model can be highly sensitive to a small variation of matrix elements, and it seems that the mass hierarchy occurs as a result of fine tuning.

scholarly journals A REVIEW OF THE MAGNITUDES OF THE CKM MATRIX ELEMENTS

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (31) ◽  
pp. 4945-4958 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRANCESCA DI LODOVICO
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Matrix Elements ◽  
Ckm Matrix ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Ckm Matrix Elements

Flavour mixing is described within the Standard Model by the Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa (CKM) matrix elements. With the increasingly higher statistics collected by many experiments, the matrix elements are measured with improved precision, allowing for more stringent tests of the Standard Model. In this paper, a review of the current status of the absolute values of the CKM matrix elements is presented, with particular attention to the latest measurements.

scholarly journals IMPLICATIONS OF PRECISION MEASUREMENTS ON TEXTURE SPECIFIC FERMION MASS MATRICES

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (18n19) ◽  
pp. 3462-3468 ◽  
Author(s):  
MANMOHAN GUPTA ◽  
GULSHEEN AHUJA ◽  
ROHIT VERMA
Keyword(s):  
Precision Measurements ◽  
Fermion Mass ◽  
Neutrino Masses ◽  
Matrix Elements ◽  
Specific Mass ◽  
Inverted Hierarchy ◽  
Ckm Matrix ◽  
Zero Mass ◽  
Mass Matrices ◽  
Ckm Matrix Elements

Implications of texture specific mass matrices have been investigated for both quarks and neutrinos. Interestingly, for the case of quarks Fritzsch-like texture 4 zero mass matrices have been found to be compatible with the present precisely known sin 2β as well as other precise CKM matrix elements. In the case of leptonic mass matrices, for both Majorana and Dirac neutrinos we find that for texture 4, 5, 6 zero mass matrices the inverted hierarchy and degenerate scenarios of neutrino masses are ruled out by the present data.

scholarly journals Planck Neutrinos as Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
Dmitri L. Khokhlov
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Active Galactic Nuclei ◽  
Planck Scale ◽  
Galactic Nuclei ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Ultra High Energy ◽  
High Energy Cosmic Rays ◽  
The Standard Model

AbstractThe studied conjecture is that ultra high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) are hypothetical Planck neutrinos arising in the decay of the protons falling onto the gravastar. The proton is assumed to decay at the Planck scale into positron and four Planck neutrinos. The supermassive black holes inside active galactic nuclei, while interpreted as gravastars, are considered as UHECR sources. The scattering of the Planck neutrinos by the proton at the Planck scale is considered. The Planck neutrinos contribution to the CR events may explain the CR spectrum from 5 × 1018 eV to 1020 eV. The muon number in the Planck neutrinos-initiated shower is estimated to be larger by a factor of 3/2 in comparison with the standard model that is consistent with the observational data.

scholarly journals A SOLUTION TO THE STRONG CP PROBLEM TRANSFORMING THE THETA ANGLE TO THE KM CP-VIOLATING PHASE

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (32) ◽  
pp. 5897-5911 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOSÉ BORDES ◽  
HONG-MO CHAN ◽  
SHEUNG TSUN TSOU
Keyword(s):  
Mass Matrix ◽  
Fermion Mass ◽  
Mass Hierarchy ◽  
Order Unity ◽  
Ckm Matrix ◽  
Cp Violations ◽  
Fermion Mass Matrix

It is shown that in the scheme with a rotating fermion mass matrix (i.e. one with a scale-dependent orientation in generation space) suggested earlier for explaining fermion mixing and mass hierarchy, the theta angle term in the QCD action of topological origin can be eliminated by chiral transformations, while giving still nonzero masses to all quarks. Instead, the effects of such transformations get transmitted by the rotation to the CKM matrix as the KM phase giving, for θ of order unity, a Jarlskog invariant typically of order 10-5, as experimentally observed. Strong and weak CP violations appear then as just two facets of the same phenomenon.

scholarly journals Progress on semi-leptonic B(s) decays

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (20) ◽  
pp. 1430019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Ricciardi
Keyword(s):  
Rare Decays ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Matrix Elements ◽  
Ckm Matrix ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Ckm Matrix Elements

We report on the current status of semi-leptonic B(s) decays, including rare decays, and the extraction of the absolute values of the CKM matrix elements |Vcb| and |Vub|.

Chapter 22 Leptonic, Semileptonic D(DS) Decays and CKM Matrix Elements

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (supp01) ◽  
pp. 521-567
Author(s):  
Ya-Dong Yang ◽  
Hai-Bo Li ◽  
Jia-Heng Zou ◽  
Jiang-Chuan Chen ◽  
Jian Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Semileptonic Decays ◽  
Matrix Elements ◽  
Ckm Matrix ◽  
Leptonic Decays ◽  
Ckm Matrix Elements

The following sections are included: Leptonic Decays Semileptonic Decays Impact on CKM Measurements

scholarly journals $$U(1)_{B-L}$$ extension of the standard model with $$S_3$$ symmetry

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. Vien ◽  
H. N. Long ◽  
A. E. Cárcamo Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
Neutrino Mass ◽  
Liquid Scintillator ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Fermion Mass ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Type I ◽  
Inverted Hierarchy ◽  
Quark Masses ◽  
Quark Sector

Abstract We propose a renormalizable $$B-L$$B-L Standard Model (SM) extension based on $$S_3$$S3 symmetry which successfully accommodates the observed fermion mass spectra and flavor mixing patterns as well as the CP violating phases. The small masses for the light active neutrinos are generated through a type I seesaw mechanism. The obtained physical parameters in the lepton sector are well consistent with the global fit of neutrino oscillations (Esteban et al. in J High Energy Phys 01:106, 2019) for both normal and inverted neutrino mass orderings. The model also predicts effective neutrino mass parameters of $${\langle m_{ee}\rangle }= {1.02\times 10^{-2}}\,{\mathrm {eV}},\, m_{\beta }= {1.25}\times 10^{-2}\,{\mathrm {eV}}$$⟨mee⟩=1.02×10-2eV,mβ=1.25×10-2eV for normal hierarchy (NH) and $${\langle m_{ee}\rangle } ={5.03}\times 10^{-2}\, {\mathrm {eV}},\, m_{\beta } ={5.05}\times 10^{-2}\, {\mathrm {eV}}$$⟨mee⟩=5.03×10-2eV,mβ=5.05×10-2eV for inverted hierarchy (IH) which are all well consistent with the future large and ultra-low background liquid scintillator detectors which has been discussed in Ref. (Zhao et al. in Chin Phys C 41(5):053001, 2017) or the limit of the effective neutrino mass can be reached by the planning of future experiments. The model results are consistent with and successfully accommodate the recent experimental values of the physical observables of the quark sector, including the six quark masses, the quark mixing angles and the CP violating phase in the quark sector.

scholarly journals DEVELOPING THE FRAMED STANDARD MODEL

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (17) ◽  
pp. 1250087 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHAEL J. BAKER ◽  
JOSÉ BORDES ◽  
HONG-MO CHAN ◽  
TSOU SHEUNG TSUN
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
Mass Matrix ◽  
Higgs Field ◽  
Fermion Mass ◽  
Ckm Matrix ◽  
Changing Scale ◽  
Rank One ◽  
Distinguishing Features ◽  
Fermion Mass Matrix

The framed standard model (FSM) suggested earlier, which incorporates the Higgs field and three fermion generations as part of the framed gauge theory (FGT) structure, is here developed further to show that it gives both quarks and leptons hierarchical masses and mixing matrices akin to what is experimentally observed. Among its many distinguishing features which lead to the above results are (i) the vacuum is degenerate under a global su(3) symmetry which plays the role of fermion generations, (ii) the fermion mass matrix is "universal," rank-one and rotates (changes its orientation in generation space) with changing scale μ, (iii) the metric in generation space is scale-dependent too, and in general nonflat, (iv) the theta-angle term in the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) action of topological origin gets transformed into the CP-violating phase of the Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa (CKM) matrix for quarks, thus offering at the same time a solution to the strong CP problem.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document