scholarly journals COLLAPSING SCALAR FIELD WITH KINEMATIC SELF-SIMILARITY OF THE SECOND KIND IN (2+1) GRAVITY

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (06) ◽  
pp. 1049-1061 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. CHAN ◽  
M. F. A. DA SILVA ◽  
J. F. VILLAS DA ROCHA ◽  
ANZHONG WANG
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Scalar Field ◽  
Gravitational Collapse ◽  
Massless Scalar ◽  
Massless Scalar Field ◽  
Field Equations ◽  
Self Similarity ◽  
Global Properties ◽  
Scalar Field Equations

All the (2+1)-dimensional circularly symmetric solutions with kinematic self-similarity of the second kind to the Einstein-massless-scalar field equations are found and their local and global properties are studied. It is found that some of them represent gravitational collapse of a massless scalar field, in which black holes are always formed.

scholarly journals GRAVITATIONAL COLLAPSE OF MASSLESS SCALAR FIELD WITH NEGATIVE COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT IN (2+1) DIMENSIONS

2006 ◽  
Vol 15 (04) ◽  
pp. 545-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. CHAN ◽  
M. F. A. DA SILVA ◽  
JAIME F. VILLAS DA ROCHA
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Scalar Field ◽  
Cosmological Constant ◽  
Gravitational Collapse ◽  
Massless Scalar ◽  
Massless Scalar Field ◽  
Field Equations ◽  
Negative Cosmological Constant ◽  
Global Properties ◽  
Scalar Field Equations

The (2+1)-dimensional geodesic circularly symmetric solutions of Einstein-massless-scalar field equations with negative cosmological constant are found and their local and global properties are studied. It is found that one of them represents gravitational collapse where black holes are always formed.

scholarly journals GRAVITATIONAL COLLAPSE OF A MASSLESS SCALAR FIELD AND A PERFECT FLUID WITH SELF-SIMILARITY OF THE FIRST KIND IN 2+1 DIMENSIONS

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 2143-2158 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. I. M. PEREIRA ◽  
R. CHAN
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Scalar Field ◽  
Perfect Fluid ◽  
Gravitational Collapse ◽  
Massless Scalar ◽  
Massless Scalar Field ◽  
Self Similarity ◽  
Global Properties ◽  
Self Similar ◽  
Similar Solutions

Self-similar solutions of a collapsing perfect fluid and a massless scalar field with kinematic self-similarity of the first kind in 2+1 dimensions are obtained. The local and global properties of the solutions are studied. It is found that some of them represent gravitational collapse, in which black holes are always formed, and some may be interpreted as representing cosmological models.

GRAVITATIONAL COLLAPSE OF A MASSLESS SCALAR FIELD AND A PERFECT FLUID WITH SELF-SIMILARITY OF THE SECOND KIND IN (2 + 1) DIMENSIONS

2006 ◽  
Vol 15 (02) ◽  
pp. 131-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. I. M. PEREIRA ◽  
R. CHAN ◽  
AN ZHONG WANG
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Scalar Field ◽  
Perfect Fluid ◽  
Gravitational Collapse ◽  
Massless Scalar ◽  
Massless Scalar Field ◽  
Self Similarity ◽  
Global Properties ◽  
Self Similar ◽  
Similar Solutions

Self-similar solutions of a collapsing perfect fluid and a massless scalar field with kinematic self-similarity of the second kind in (2 + 1) dimensions are obtained. The local and global properties of the solutions are studied. It is found that some of them represent gravitational collapse, in which black holes are always formed, and some may be interpreted as representing cosmological models.

scholarly journals PERTURBED SELF-SIMILAR MASSLESS SCALAR FIELD IN SPHERICALLY SYMMETRIC SPACE–TIMES

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (25) ◽  
pp. 4695-4708
Author(s):  
M. SHARIF
Keyword(s):  
Scalar Field ◽  
Symmetric Space ◽  
Massless Scalar ◽  
Massless Scalar Field ◽  
Spherically Symmetric ◽  
Field Equations ◽  
Self Similarity ◽  
Linear Perturbations ◽  
Self Similar ◽  
Scalar Field Equations

In this paper, we investigate the linear perturbations of the spherically symmetric space–times with kinematic self-similarity of the second kind. The massless scalar field equations are solved which yield the background and an exact solutions for the perturbed equations. We discuss the boundary conditions of the resulting perturbed solutions. The possible perturbation modes turn out to be stable as well as unstable. The analysis leads to the conclusion that there does not exist any critical solution.

scholarly journals Structure of the charged spherical black hole interior

1995 ◽  
Vol 450 (1940) ◽  
pp. 553-567 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Scalar Field ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Massless Scalar ◽  
Approximate Analytic Solution ◽  
Massless Scalar Field ◽  
Cauchy Horizon ◽  
Field Equations ◽  
Mass Inflation ◽  
Scalar Field Equations

The internal structure of a charged spherical black hole is still a topic of debate. In a non-rotating but aspherical gravitational collapse to form a spherical charged black hole, the backscattered gravitational wave tails enter the black hole and are blueshifted at the Cauchy horizon. This has a catastrophic effect if combined with an outflux crossing the Cauchy horizon: a singularity develops at the Cauchy horizon and the effective mass inflates. Recently, a numerical study of a massless scalar field in the Reissner-Nordström background suggested that a spacelike singularity may form before the Cauchy horizon forms. We will show that there exists an approximate analytic solution of the scalar-field equations which allows the mass-inflation singularity at the Cauchy horizon to exist. In particular, we see no evidence that the Cauchy horizon is preceded by a spacelike singularity.

scholarly journals Critical phenomena in gravitational collapse of Husain–Martinez–Nunez scalar field

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaobao Wang ◽  
Xiaoning Wu ◽  
Sijie Gao
Keyword(s):  
Scalar Field ◽  
Critical Phenomena ◽  
Gravitational Collapse ◽  
Naked Singularity ◽  
Extrinsic Curvature ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Massless Scalar ◽  
Massless Scalar Field ◽  
Self Similarity ◽  
Metric Function

Abstract We construct analytical models to study the critical phenomena in gravitational collapse of the Husain-Martinez-Nunez massless scalar field. We first use the cut-and-paste technique to match the conformally flat solution ($$c=0$$c=0 ) onto an outgoing Vaidya solution. To guarantee the continuity of the metric and the extrinsic curvature, we prove that the two solutions must be joined at a null hypersurface and the metric function in Vaidya spacetime must satisfy certain constraints. We find that the mass of the black hole in the resulting spacetime takes the form $$M\propto (p-p^*)^\gamma $$M∝(p-p∗)γ, where the critical exponent $$\gamma $$γ is equal to 0.5. For the case $$c\ne 0$$c≠0, we show that the scalar field must be joined onto two pieces of Vaidya spacetimes to avoid a naked singularity. We also derive the power-law mass formula with $$\gamma =0.5$$γ=0.5. Compared with previous analytical models which were constructed from a different scalar field with continuous self-similarity, we obtain the same value of $$\gamma $$γ. However, we show that the solution with $$c\ne 0$$c≠0 is not self-similar. Therefore, we provide a rare example that a scalar field without self-similarity also possesses the features of critical collapse.

Comment on Einstein-massless-scalar field equations and conformally flat solutions

1984 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 1846-1848 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Beckers ◽  
S. Sinzinkayo ◽  
J. Demaret
Keyword(s):  
Scalar Field ◽  
Massless Scalar ◽  
Massless Scalar Field ◽  
Conformally Flat ◽  
Field Equations ◽  
Scalar Field Equations

scholarly journals ON LAGRANGE STRUCTURE OF UNFOLDED FIELD THEORY

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (07n08) ◽  
pp. 1347-1362 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. S. KAPARULIN ◽  
S. L. LYAKHOVICH ◽  
A. A. SHARAPOV
Keyword(s):  
Field Theory ◽  
Scalar Field ◽  
Local Field ◽  
Infinite Number ◽  
Massless Scalar ◽  
Massless Scalar Field ◽  
Field Equations ◽  
D’Alembert Equation ◽  
Local Field Theory ◽  
Scalar Field Equations

Any local field theory can be equivalently reformulated in the so-called unfolded form. General unfolded equations are non-Lagrangian even though the original theory is Lagrangian. Making use of the unfolded massless scalar field equations as a basic example, the concept of Lagrange anchor is applied to perform a consistent path-integral quantization of unfolded dynamics. It is shown that the unfolded representation for the canonical Lagrange anchor of the d'Alembert equation inevitably involves an infinite number of space–time derivatives.

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