NUCLEATION OF VACUUM BUBBLES OF A SELF-GRAVITATING SCALAR FIELD

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 340-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHUL H. LEE ◽  
WONWOO LEE
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Scalar Field ◽  
Order Phase Transition ◽  
Nonminimal Coupling ◽  
False Vacuum ◽  
First Order ◽  
First Order Phase Transition ◽  
True Vacuum ◽  
Self Gravity ◽  
First Order Phase

The case of a self-gravitating scalar field under-going the first-order phase transition is studied. Particularly the effects of self gravity on the nucleation of vacuum bubbles is investigated. We also investigate what modifications are induced by the introduction of nonminimal coupling of the scalar field. The possibility of nucleation of false vacuum bubbles within the true vacuum background in the case of a nonminimally coupled scalar field is discussed.

ON THE STRUCTURE OF SUPERCRITICAL PHASE TRANSITION

1990 ◽  
Vol 05 (14) ◽  
pp. 1081-1087 ◽  
Author(s):  
YUMI S. HIRATA ◽  
HISAKAZU MINAKATA
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Statistical Mechanics ◽  
Order Phase Transition ◽  
False Vacuum ◽  
Close Analogy ◽  
First Order ◽  
First Order Phase Transition ◽  
Supercritical Phase ◽  
First Order Phase ◽  
Irreversible Nature

A novel physical picture is presented for the normal-to-supercritical "phase" transition in QED around a large-Z nucleus. The process is described as the decay of the false vacuum in close analogy to the first-order phase transition in statistical mechanics. The irreversible nature of the transition is pointed out and the physical implications of this picture are discussed.

Phase transitions and topological defects

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Kachelriess
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Early Universe ◽  
Topological Defects ◽  
False Vacuum ◽  
First Order ◽  
Broken Symmetries ◽  
First Order Phase Transition ◽  
True Vacuum ◽  
First Order Phase

As the early universe cools down, it may perform transitions to phases with more and more broken symmetries. In a first-order phase transition, fields may be trapped in the false vacuum; the rate of the resulting tunneling process to the true vacuum is derived. Phase transitions can lead also to the formation of topological defects. Their structure and the reason for their stability are discussed.

SOME THOUGHTS ON THE COSMOLOGICAL QCD PHASE TRANSITION

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (30) ◽  
pp. 4757-4777
Author(s):  
W-Y. P. HWANG
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Scalar Field ◽  
Order Phase Transition ◽  
Domain Walls ◽  
Wall Structure ◽  
Complex Scalar ◽  
Qcd Phase Transition ◽  
First Order ◽  
First Order Phase Transition ◽  
First Order Phase

The cosmological QCD phase transitions may have taken place between 10-5 s and 10-4 s in the early universe offers us one of the most intriguing and fascinating questions in cosmology. In bag models, the phase transition is described by the first-order phase transition and the role played by the latent "heat" or energy released in the transition is highly nontrivial and is being classified as the first-order phase transition. In this presentation, we assume, first of all, that the cosmological QCD phase transition, which happened at a time between 10-5 s and 10-4 s or at the temperature of about 150 MeV and accounts for confinement of quarks and gluons to within hadrons, would be of first-order. Of course, we may assume that the cosmological QCD phase transition may not be of the first-order. To get the essence out of the first-order scenario, it is sufficient to approximate the true QCD vacuum as one of possibly degenerate vacua and when necessary we try to model it effectively via a complex scalar field with spontaneous symmetry breaking. On the other hand, we may use a real scalar field in describing the non-first-order QCD phase transition. In the first-order QCD phase transition, we could examine how and when "pasted" or "patched" domain walls are formed, how long such walls evolve in the long run, and we believe that the significant portion of dark matter could be accounted for in terms of such domain-wall structure and its remnants. Of course, the cosmological QCD phase transition happened in the way such that the false vacua associated with baryons and many other color-singlet objects did not disappear (that is, using the bag-model language, there are bags of radius 1.0 fermi for the baryons) — but the amount of the energy remained in the false vacua is negligible by comparison. The latent energy released due to the conversion of the false vacua to the true vacua, in the form of "pasted" or "patched" domain walls in the short run and their numerous evolved objects, should make the concept of the "radiation-dominated" epoch, or of the "matter-dominated" epoch to be reexamined.

scholarly journals Correlated gravitational wave and microlensing signals of macroscopic dark matter

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danny Marfatia ◽  
Po-Yan Tseng
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Dark Matter ◽  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Order Phase Transition ◽  
Effective Potential ◽  
False Vacuum ◽  
First Order ◽  
First Order Phase Transition ◽  
First Order Phase

Abstract Fermion dark matter particles can aggregate to form extended dark matter structures via a first-order phase transition in which the particles get trapped in the false vacuum. We study Fermi balls created in a phase transition induced by a generic quartic thermal effective potential. We show that for Fermi balls of mass, 3 × 10−12M⊙ ≲ MFB ≲ 10−5M⊙, correlated observations of gravitational waves produced during the phase transition (at SKA/THEIA/μAres), and gravitational microlensing caused by Fermi balls (at Subaru-HSC), can be made.

scholarly journals Gravitational waves and Higgs boson couplings for exploring first order phase transition in the model with a singlet scalar field

2017 ◽  
Vol 766 ◽  
pp. 49-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuya Hashino ◽  
Mitsuru Kakizaki ◽  
Shinya Kanemura ◽  
Pyungwon Ko ◽  
Toshinori Matsui
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Higgs Boson ◽  
Scalar Field ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Order Phase Transition ◽  
First Order ◽  
First Order Phase Transition ◽  
First Order Phase

scholarly journals Gravitational wave signals of dark matter freeze-out

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danny Marfatia ◽  
Po-Yan Tseng
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Dark Matter ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Order Phase Transition ◽  
First Order ◽  
Stochastic Background ◽  
First Order Phase Transition ◽  
Relic Abundance ◽  
First Order Phase ◽  
Freeze Out

Abstract We study the stochastic background of gravitational waves which accompany the sudden freeze-out of dark matter triggered by a cosmological first order phase transition that endows dark matter with mass. We consider models that produce the measured dark matter relic abundance via (1) bubble filtering, and (2) inflation and reheating, and show that gravitational waves from these mechanisms are detectable at future interferometers.

Discovering a First-Order Phase Transition in the Li–CeO2 System

Nano Letters ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 1282-1288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaikai Li ◽  
Xiaoye Zhou ◽  
Anmin Nie ◽  
Sheng Sun ◽  
Yan-Bing He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Order Phase Transition ◽  
First Order ◽  
First Order Phase Transition ◽  
First Order Phase
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