scholarly journals Endothelin-1: a new autocrine/paracrine factor in rat testis

1993 ◽  
Vol 265 (2) ◽  
pp. E267-E274 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Fantoni ◽  
P. L. Morris ◽  
G. Forti ◽  
G. B. Vannelli ◽  
C. Orlando ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Positive Staining ◽  
Paracrine Factor ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Rat Testis ◽  
Endothelin 1 ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Old Rats

Cultured Sertoli cells of 20-day-old rats were found to produce and release endothelin-1-like immunoreactivity (ET-1-LI) under follicle-stimulating hormone control. The elution profile of ET-1-LI from extracts of spent Sertoli cell culture medium corresponds to that of synthetic ET-1, suggesting a testicular production of authentic ET-1. In contrast, the conditioned medium from rat Leydig cells did not contain ET-1-LI. Immunohistochemical studies confirmed that, in 20-day-old rats, the positive staining was confined to some Sertoli cells, whereas interstitial cells were negative. In the adult rat testis the positivity was not limited to the tubular compartment (Sertoli cells) but was also present in the interstitium. A high concentration (13 pmol/mg protein) of high-affinity (dissociation constant = 0.6 nM) 125I-labeled ET-1 binding sites was present in Leydig cells. These sites bind ET-1 and ET-2 with 1,000-fold higher affinity than ET-3, suggesting that they correspond to the subtype ETA of the ET receptors. Specific 125I-ET-1 binding sites are present also in Sertoli cells but are 50-fold less concentrated than in Leydig cells. Our results suggest an autocrine/paracrine role for ET-1 in rat testis.

Characterization of the regenerated Leydig cell population of the rat after destruction by ethylene-1,2-dimethanesulphonate

1988 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Edwards ◽  
W. R. Robertson ◽  
I. D. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Rat Testis ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Fetal Rat ◽  
Old Rats ◽  
Two Peaks

ABSTRACT The Leydig cells repopulating the adult rat testis after destruction by a single injection of the cytotoxic ethylene-1,2-dimethanesulphonate (EDS) were investigated. After 14 days, serum concentrations of LH and FSH were significantly raised and concentrations of testosterone in the serum and testis reduced. At 21 days, hormone concentrations had returned to within the normal range. Binding of 125I-labelled human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) to testis homogenate, however, was still less than 10% of normal. After 21 or 28 days the 125I-labelled hCG binding profiles of isolated Leydig cells from EDS-treated rats, separated on a Percoll gradient, showed a single peak similar to that of immature (25 days old) rats. After 49 days, 125I-labelled hCG binding resolved into two peaks more like that of normal adult rats. Using a quantitative cytochemical method, 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity in individual Leydig cells of unfixed testis sections was determined. Activity was increased by 70% (P < 0·05) in repopulating Leydig cells 21 days after EDS treatment compared with cells from vehicle-treated rats. In addition, Leydig cells were still capable of further 'in-vivo' stimulation by pharmacological doses of hCG. These data indicate that Leydig cells repopulating the testis are homogenous. Fewer cells from the newly formed population are capable of maintaining normal serum concentrations of testosterone and must thus be individually more active in secreting testosterone. In these respects, the Leydig cells repopulating the adult rat testis after EDS treatment more closely resemble those of the fetal rat testis. J. Endocr. (1988) 117, 11–18

scholarly journals Glial cell-line-derived neurotropic factor and its receptors are expressed by germinal and somatic cells of the rat testis

2006 ◽  
Vol 190 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Fouchécourt ◽  
Murielle Godet ◽  
Odile Sabido ◽  
Philippe Durand
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Glial Cell ◽  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Rat Testis ◽  
Old Rats ◽  
Neurotropic Factor ◽  
Pachytene Spermatocytes ◽  
Factor Α

Glial cell-line-derived neurotropic factor (GDNF) and its receptors glial cell-line-derived neurotropic factor α (GFR1α) and rearranged during transformation (RET) have been localized in the rat testis during postnatal development. The three mRNAs, and GDNF and GFR1α proteins were detected in testis extracts from 1- to 90-day-old rats by reverse transcriptase PCR and Western blotting respectively. The three mRNAs were present in Sertoli cells from 20- and 55-day-old rats, pachytene spermatocytes (PS), and round spermatids (RS). The GDNF and GFR1α proteins were detected in PS, RS, and Sertoli cells. GDNF and GFR1α were also detected using flow cytometry in spermatogonia and preleptotene spermatocytes, and in secondary spermatocytes. The localization of GDNF and GFR1α in germ and Sertoli cells was confirmed by immunocytochemistry. The hypothesis that GDNF may control DNA synthesis of Sertoli cells and/or spermatogonia in the immature rat was addressed using cultures of seminiferous tubules from 7- to 8-day-old rats. Addition of GDNF for 48 h resulted in a twofold decrease in the percentage of spermatogonia able to duplicate DNA, whereas Sertoli cells were not affected. These results are consistent with a role of GDNF in inhibiting the S-phase entrance of a large subset of differentiated type A spermatogonia, together with an enhancing effect of the factor on a small population of undifferentiated (stem cells) spermatogonia. Moreover, the wide temporal and spatial expression of GDNF and its receptors in the rat testis suggest that it might act at several stages of spermatogenesis.

Adult rat Sertoli cells secrete a factor or factors which modulate Leydig cell function

1987 ◽  
Vol 114 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Papadopoulos ◽  
P. Kamtchouing ◽  
M. A. Drosdowsky ◽  
M. T. Hochereau de Reviers ◽  
S. Carreau
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Sertoli Cell ◽  
Leydig Cell ◽  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Cell Interaction ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Stimulating Factor

ABSTRACT Production of testosterone and oestradiol-17β by Leydig cells from adult rats was stimulated by LH or dibutyryl cyclic AMP (10 and 2·5-fold respectively). The addition of spent medium from normal, hemicastrated or γ-irradiated rat seminiferous tubule cultures, as well as from Sertoli cell cultures, to purified Leydig cells further enhanced both basal (44 and 53% for testosterone and oestradiol-17β respectively) and LH-stimulated (56 and 18%) steroid output. Simultaneously, a decrease (20–30%) in intracellular cyclic AMP levels was observed. This stimulating factor (or factors) secreted by the Sertoli cells is different from LHRH, is of proteinic nature and has a molecular weight ranging between 10 000 and 50 000; its synthesis is not controlled by FSH nor by testosterone. This factor(s) involved in rat Leydig cell steroidogenesis, at a step beyond the adenylate cyclase, does not require protein synthesis for testosterone formation whereas it does for oestradiol-17β production. It should be noted that a germ cell–Sertoli cell interaction modulates the synthesis of this factor(s). J. Endocr. (1987) 114, 459–467

Identification and Function of Putative Stem Leydig Cells in the Adult Rat Testis.

2010 ◽  
Vol 83 (Suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 22-22
Author(s):  
Haolin Chen ◽  
Barry R. Zirkin
Keyword(s):  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Rat Testis ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
And Function

Diethylstilbestrol induces morphological changes in the spermatogonia, Sertoli cells and Leydig cells of adult rat

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 433-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Mahfujur Rahman ◽  
Jehyung Wie ◽  
Jeong-Hwi Cho ◽  
Hyun-Jin Tae ◽  
Dongchoon Ahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Adult Rat

Interstitial fluid volume in the rat testis: androgen-dependent regulation by the seminiferous tubules?

1989 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-NP ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Maddocks ◽  
R. M. Sharpe
Keyword(s):  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Interstitial Fluid ◽  
Single Injection ◽  
Fluid Volume ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Rat Testis ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Interstitial Fluid Volume ◽  
Dependent Mechanism

ABSTRACT Regulation of testicular interstitial fluid (IF) volume has been investigated in adult male rats in which the Leydig cells were selectively destroyed with a single i.p. injection of ethane dimethane sulphonate (EDS). Following this treatment, some animals also received testosterone supplementation by s.c. injection every 3 days, beginning either from the time of EDS injection, or 3–12 days afterwards. The volume of IF obtained by drip collection was determined, and testosterone and gonadotrophin concentrations measured in blood and in IF. Testosterone levels in IF and serum became undetectable by 3 days after EDS treatment. IF volume was reduced by 50% (P < 0·01) to reach a minimum level between 6 and 9 days after treatment. However, this decline was prevented in the absence of Leydig cells by supplementation with testosterone from the time of EDS injection, a treatment which also kept gonadotrophins at minimum or undetectable levels. Furthermore, the reduced IF volume seen up to 9 days after treatment with EDS alone could be restored to control levels within 3 days by a single injection of testosterone. The results obtained demonstrate that androgens, but not Leydig cells or gonadotrophins, are required for the maintenance of interstitial fluid volume in the adult rat testis. It is suggested that the seminiferous tubules may mediate this response, through an androgen-dependent mechanism. Journal of Endocrinology (1989) 120, 215–222

Melatonin receptors are present in adult rat Leydig cells and are coupled through a pertussis toxin-sensitive G-protein

1997 ◽  
Vol 136 (6) ◽  
pp. 633-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Valenti ◽  
Massimo Giusti ◽  
Roberta Guido ◽  
Giulio Giordano
Keyword(s):  
G Protein ◽  
Pertussis Toxin ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Melatonin Receptors ◽  
Scatchard Analysis ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Testosterone Secretion ◽  
High Affinity Binding Site ◽  
17 Hydroxyprogesterone

Abstract Previous studies have suggested that melatonin (MLT) acts directly on rat Leydig cells by modulating androgen production. In the present study, the site of action of MLT was investigated. The binding of 2-[125I]iodomelatonin (125I-MLT; 7–240 pmol/l) to Leydig cell membrane fragments was tested in the presence or absence of guanosine 5′-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) (GTP-γ-S; 50 μmol/l). Saturation studies and Scatchard analysis revealed the existence of a high-affinity binding site with a Bmax of 46·70± 3·50 fmol/mg protein and a Kd of 88·70±6·20 pmol/l; treatment with GTP-γ-S reduced the concentration of 125I-MLT binding sites (Bmax 34·03±4·50), while increasing the Kd to 106·5± 2·61 pmol/l. Pretreatment of the cells with pertussis toxin (PTX; 10 ng/ml for 16 h) resulted in a decreased binding of I-MLT and a lack of effect of GTP-γ-S. Moreover, the effect of MLT on testosterone secretion induced by LH (30 mIU/ml), forskolin (1 μmol/l) and LHRH (100 nmol/l) was studied after 3-h incubation of cells which had been precultured with or without PTX. The inhibition of testosterone secretion due to MLT administration was eliminated by PTX pretreatment during forskolin and LH, but not during LHRH administration. However, 17-hydroxyprogesterone levels were higher in all groups incubated in the presence of MLT, irrespective of PTX pretreatment. Our data suggest that: (a) MLT receptors are present on the membranes of adult rat Leydig cells; (b) they couple through PTX-sensitive G-protein-coupled binding sites; (c) the mechanism by which MLT blocks 17–20 desmolase enzymatic activity (thus leading to increased 17-hydroxyprogesterone levels), and testosterone secretion during LHRH stimulation is likely to depend on one or more different mechanism(s) of action. European Journal of Endocrinology 136 633–639

scholarly journals Characterization of stem cells associated with seminiferous tubule of adult rat testis for their potential to form Leydig cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 101593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoju Guan ◽  
Panpan Chen ◽  
Xingxing Zhao ◽  
Xinrui Hao ◽  
Fenfen Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Seminiferous Tubule ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Rat Testis ◽  
Adult Rat
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