Ameliorating effects and mechanisms of electroacupuncture on gastric dysrhythmia, delayed emptying, and impaired accommodation in diabetic rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 298 (4) ◽  
pp. G563-G570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jieyun Yin ◽  
Jie Chen ◽  
Jiande D. Z. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Intestinal Transit ◽  
Vagal Activity ◽  
Gastric Accommodation ◽  
Small Intestinal Transit ◽  
Gastric Dysrhythmia ◽  
Gastric Slow Wave ◽  
Normal Percentage ◽  
Small Intestinal

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects and mechanisms of electroacupuncture (EA) on gastric accommodation, gastric dysrhythmia, and gastric emptying (GE) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Five experiments were performed in five groups of STZ-induced diabetic rats to study the effects of EA at ST-36 (Zusanli) on gastric slow-wave dysrhythmia, delayed GE and intestinal transit, impaired gastric accommodation, and the mechanisms of EA involving the autonomic and opioidergic pathways. We found the following: 1) EA improved gastric dysrhythmia in the diabetic rats. The normal percentage of slow waves was 55.4 ± 2.9% at baseline and significantly increased to 69.2 ± 2.2% with EA ( P = 0.01); this effect was blocked by naloxone. 2) EA resulted in a 21.4% increase in GE and 18.2% increase in small intestinal transit in the diabetic rats. 3) EA restored diabetes-induced impairment in gastric accommodation. Gastric accommodation was 0.98 ± 0.13 ml with sham EA and significantly increased to 1.21 ± 0.15 ml with EA ( P = 0.01), and this effect was blocked by naloxone. 4) EA increased vagal activity assessed by the spectral analysis of the heart rate variability. We concluded that EA at ST-36 improves gastric dysrhythmia, delayed GE and intestinal transit, and impaired accommodation in STZ-induced diabetic rats, and the improvement seems to be mainly mediated via the vagal pathway. EA may have a promising therapeutic potential for diabetic gastroparesis.

scholarly journals Electroacupuncture via chronically implanted electrodes improves gastrointestinal motility by balancing sympathovagal activities in a rat model of constipation

2019 ◽  
Vol 316 (6) ◽  
pp. G797-G805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinjun Wang ◽  
Boli Yang ◽  
Jieyun Yin ◽  
Wei Wei ◽  
Jiande D. Z. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Transit Time ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Distal Colon ◽  
Intestinal Transit ◽  
Vagal Activity ◽  
Small Intestinal Transit ◽  
Implanted Electrodes ◽  
Small Intestinal

Electroacupuncture (EA) has been reported for treating constipation in clinical studies. However, little is known of the possible mechanisms involved in the prokinetic effect of EA. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects and underlying autonomic mechanisms of EA via chronically implanted electrodes for constipation in rat induced by Loperamide (Lop). Lop was given to regular rats to induce constipation. EA was performed via a pair of electrodes chronically implanted at bilateral acupoint ST-36. Feces characteristics, gastric emptying, small intestinal transit, distal colon transit time (dCTT), and whole gut transit time (WGTT) were measured in various sessions with EA or sham EA in rats with constipation induced by Lop. Heart rate variability (HRV) derived from the electrocardiogram was analyzed to evaluate autonomic functions. The number of fecal pellets was reduced by 27% with Lop ( P < 0.01) and normalized by 7-day EA. Similar results were also observed in pellet weight. In normal rats compared with sham EA, EA shortened dCTT by 74% ( P < 0.05 vs. sham EA), increased small intestinal transit by 28% ( P < 0.01) and gastric emptying by 27% ( P < 0.05), and accelerated whole gut transit by 14% ( P < 0.05). In Lop-treated rats, the dCTT and WGTT were prolonged by Lop and normalized by EA. Lop significantly decreased vagal activity and increased sympathetic nerve activity; however, EA reversed these effects. EA at ST-36 via chronically implanted electrodes improves Lop-induced constipation by enhancing GI motility via the autonomic mechanisms. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The findings of the present study suggest that the proposed electroacupuncture (EA) may have great therapeutic potential for treating patients with opioid-induced constipation. It was demonstrated that EA at ST-36 improved transit of every organ along the gut mediated via the autonomic mechanisms in normal rats and rats with Lop-induced constipation. It is advised to administrate EA daily instead of two or three times weekly as reported in most of the clinical studies.

Excitatory effects of synchronized intestinal electrical stimulation on small intestinal motility in dogs

2007 ◽  
Vol 293 (6) ◽  
pp. G1190-G1195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jieyun Yin ◽  
Jiande DZ Chen
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Intestinal Motility ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Intestinal Transit ◽  
Excitatory Effect ◽  
Small Intestinal Transit ◽  
Small Bowel Motility ◽  
Small Intestinal Motility ◽  
Intestinal Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Small Intestinal

The aim of this study was to investigate effects of synchronized intestinal electrical stimulation (SIES) on small intestinal motility in dogs. Seventeen dogs were equipped with a duodenal cannula for the measurement of small bowel motility using manometry; an additional cannula was equipped in six of the dogs with 1.5 m distal to the first one for the measurement of small intestinal transit. Two pairs of bipolar electrodes were implanted on the small intestinal serosa with an interval of 5 cm; glucagon was used to induce postprandial intestinal hypomotility. Eleven dogs were used for the assessment of the small intestinal contractions in both fasting and fed states. The other six dogs were used for the measurement of small intestinal transit. We found that 1) SIES induced small intestinal contractions during phase I of the migrating motor complex (MMC) (contractile index or CI: 5.2 ± 0.6 vs. 10.3 ± 0.7, P = 0.003); 2) in the fed state, SIES significantly improved glucagon-induced small intestinal postprandial hypomotility (CI: 3.4 ± 0.5 vs. 6.0 ± 0.3, P = 0.03); 3) SIES significantly accelerated small intestinal transit delayed by glucagon (70.4 ± 3.1 vs. 44.5 ± 3.1 min, P < 0.01); 4) there was a negative correlation between the CI and transit time ( r = −0.427, P = 0.048); and 5) the excitatory effect of SIES was blocked by atropine. SIES may have a therapeutic potential for treating patients with small intestinal disorders.

Blockade of GRP receptors inhibits gastric emptying and gallbladder contraction but accelerates small intestinal transit in humans

2000 ◽  
Vol 94 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Pius Hildebrand ◽  
Lukas P. Degen ◽  
Annette Collet ◽  
Livio Rossi ◽  
Fuping Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Intestinal Transit ◽  
Gallbladder Contraction ◽  
Small Intestinal Transit ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Grp Receptors

Exercise and small intestinal transit

1987 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
KATHERINE J. OLLERENSHAW ◽  
SARAH NORMAN ◽  
CLIVE G. WILSON ◽  
JOHN G. HARDY
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Transit ◽  
Small Intestinal Transit ◽  
Small Intestinal
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