Odor- and state-dependent olfactory tubercle local field potential dynamics in awake rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 111 (10) ◽  
pp. 2109-2123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaitlin S. Carlson ◽  
Maggie R. Dillione ◽  
Daniel W. Wesson
Keyword(s):  
Local Field ◽  
Local Field Potential ◽  
Internal State ◽  
Respiratory Rhythm ◽  
Field Potential ◽  
Network Activity ◽  
Olfactory Tubercle ◽  
State Dependent ◽  
Awake Rat

The olfactory tubercle (OT), a trilaminar structure located in the basal forebrain of mammals, is thought to play an important role in olfaction. While evidence has accumulated regarding the contributions of the OT to odor information processing, studies exploring the role of the OT in olfaction in awake animals remain unavailable. In the present study, we begin to address this void through multiday recordings of local field potential (LFP) activity within the OT of awake, freely exploring Long-Evans rats. We observed spontaneous OT LFP activity consisting of theta- (2–12 Hz), beta- (15–35 Hz) and gamma- (40–80 Hz) band activity, characteristic of previous reports of LFPs in other principle olfactory structures. Beta- and gamma-band powers were enhanced upon odor presentation. Simultaneous recordings of OT and upstream olfactory bulb (OB) LFPs revealed odor-evoked LFP power at statistically similar levels in both structures. Strong spectral coherence was observed between the OT and OB during both spontaneous and odor-evoked states. Furthermore, the OB theta rhythm more strongly cohered with the respiratory rhythm, and respiratory-coupled theta cycles in the OT occurred following theta cycles in the OB. Finally, we found that the animal's internal state modulated LFP activity in the OT. Together, these data provide initial insights into the network activity of the OT in the awake rat, including spontaneous rhythmicity, odor-evoked modulation, connectivity with upstream sensory input, and state-dependent modulation.

scholarly journals Informative features of local field potential signals in primary visual cortex during natural image stimulation

2015 ◽  
Vol 113 (5) ◽  
pp. 1520-1532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mojtaba Seyedhosseini ◽  
S. Shushruth ◽  
Tyler Davis ◽  
Jennifer M. Ichida ◽  
Paul A. House ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Field ◽  
Local Field Potential ◽  
Field Potential ◽  
Synaptic Activity ◽  
Natural Images ◽  
Gabor Wavelet ◽  
Network Activity ◽  
Natural Image ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Image Identification

The local field potential (LFP) is of growing importance in neurophysiology as a metric of network activity and as a readout signal for use in brain-machine interfaces. However, there are uncertainties regarding the kind and visual field extent of information carried by LFP signals, as well as the specific features of the LFP signal conveying such information, especially under naturalistic conditions. To address these questions, we recorded LFP responses to natural images in V1 of awake and anesthetized macaques using Utah multielectrode arrays. First, we have shown that it is possible to identify presented natural images from the LFP responses they evoke using trained Gabor wavelet (GW) models. Because GW models were devised to explain the spiking responses of V1 cells, this finding suggests that local spiking activity and LFPs (thought to reflect primarily local synaptic activity) carry similar visual information. Second, models trained on scalar metrics, such as the evoked LFP response range, provide robust image identification, supporting the informative nature of even simple LFP features. Third, image identification is robust only for the first 300 ms following image presentation, and image information is not restricted to any of the spectral bands. This suggests that the short-latency broadband LFP response carries most information during natural scene viewing. Finally, best image identification was achieved by GW models incorporating information at the scale of ∼0.5° in size and trained using four different orientations. This suggests that during natural image viewing, LFPs carry stimulus-specific information at spatial scales corresponding to few orientation columns in macaque V1.

In vivo beta and gamma subthreshold oscillations in rat mitral cells: origin and gating by respiratory dynamics

2018 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. 274-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Fourcaud-Trocmé ◽  
Virginie Briffaud ◽  
Marc Thévenet ◽  
Nathalie Buonviso ◽  
Corine Amat
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Potential ◽  
Olfactory Bulb ◽  
Local Field ◽  
Local Field Potential ◽  
Respiratory Rhythm ◽  
Field Potential ◽  
Synaptic Activity ◽  
Spike Discharge ◽  
Subthreshold Oscillations

In mammals, olfactory bulb (OB) dynamics are paced by slow and fast oscillatory rhythms at multiple levels: local field potential, spike discharge, and/or membrane potential oscillations. Interactions between these levels have been well studied for the slow rhythm linked to animal respiration. However, less is known regarding rhythms in the fast beta (10–35 Hz) and gamma (35–100 Hz) frequency ranges, particularly at the membrane potential level. Using a combination of intracellular and extracellular recordings in the OB of freely breathing rats, we show that beta and gamma subthreshold oscillations (STOs) coexist intracellularly and are related to extracellular local field potential (LFP) oscillations in the same frequency range. However, they are differentially affected by changes in cell excitability and by odor stimulation. This leads us to suggest that beta and gamma STOs may rely on distinct mechanisms: gamma STOs would mainly depend on mitral cell intrinsic resonance, while beta STOs could be mainly driven by synaptic activity. In a second study, we find that STO occurrence and timing are constrained by the influence of the slow respiratory rhythm on mitral and tufted cells. First, respiratory-driven excitation seems to favor gamma STOs, while respiratory-driven inhibition favors beta STOs. Second, the respiratory rhythm is needed at the subthreshold level to lock gamma and beta STOs in similar phases as their LFP counterparts and to favor the correlation between STO frequency and spike discharge. Overall, this study helps us to understand how the interaction between slow and fast rhythms at all levels of OB dynamics shapes its functional output. NEW & NOTEWORTHY In the mammalian olfactory bulb of a freely breathing anesthetized rat, we show that both beta and gamma membrane potential fast oscillation ranges exist in the same mitral and tufted (M/T) cell. Importantly, our results suggest they have different origins and that their interaction with the slow subthreshold oscillation (respiratory rhythm) is a key mechanism to organize their dynamics, favoring their functional implication in olfactory bulb information processing.

scholarly journals Thalamic olfaction: characterizing odor processing in the mediodorsal thalamus of the rat

2014 ◽  
Vol 111 (6) ◽  
pp. 1274-1285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuelle Courtiol ◽  
Donald A. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Local Field ◽  
Local Field Potential ◽  
Piriform Cortex ◽  
Field Potential ◽  
Olfactory Perception ◽  
Olfactory Pathway ◽  
Odor Processing ◽  
State Dependent ◽  
Beta Frequency Band ◽  
Beta Frequency

Thalamus is a key crossroad structure involved in various functions relative to visual, auditory, gustatory, and somatosensory senses. Because of the specific organization of the olfactory pathway (i.e., no direct thalamic relay between sensory neurons and primary cortex), relatively little attention has been directed toward the thalamus in olfaction. However, an olfactory thalamus exists: the mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus (MDT) receives input from various olfactory structures including the piriform cortex. How the MDT contributes to olfactory perception remains unanswered. The present study is a first step to gain insight into the function of the MDT in olfactory processing. Spontaneous and odor-evoked activities were recorded in both the MDT (single unit and local field potential) and the piriform cortex (local field potential) of urethane-anesthetized rats. We demonstrate that: 1) odorant presentation induces a conjoint, coherent emergence of beta-frequency-band oscillations in both the MDT and the piriform cortex; 2) 51% of MDT single units were odor-responsive with narrow-tuning characteristics across an odorant set, which included biological, monomolecular, and mixture stimuli. In fact, a majority of MDT units responded to only one odor within the set; 3) the MDT and the piriform cortex showed tightly related activities with, for example, nearly 20% of MDT firing in phase with piriform cortical beta-frequency oscillations; and 4) MDT-piriform cortex coherence was state-dependent with enhanced coupling during slow-wave activity. These data are discussed in the context of the hypothesized role of MDT in olfactory perception and attention.

The role of the subthalamic nucleus in response inhibition: Evidence from local field potential recordings in the human subthalamic nucleus

NeuroImage ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 271-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola J. Ray ◽  
John-Stuart Brittain ◽  
Peter Holland ◽  
Raed A. Joundi ◽  
John F. Stein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subthalamic Nucleus ◽  
Local Field ◽  
Response Inhibition ◽  
Local Field Potential ◽  
Field Potential

scholarly journals Measurements of Subthreshold and Fast Population Neuronal Activity with Genetically Encoded Calcium Indicator GCaMP-6f

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pinggan Li ◽  
Xinling Geng ◽  
Huiyi Jiang ◽  
Adam Caccavano ◽  
Stefano Vicini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Local Field ◽  
Local Field Potential ◽  
Action Potentials ◽  
Neuronal Response ◽  
Field Potential ◽  
Network Activity ◽  
Population Activity ◽  
Calcium Indicators ◽  
Local Field Potential Lfp

GCaMP-6f is among the best calcium indicators and has been widely used for monitoring neuronal activity in the brain. Applications are at cellular level (calcium transients of action potentials) or population activity (fluorimetry) during network events. Two important issues remain less explored: 1) Is GCaMP-6f signal sensitive enough for detecting subthreshold activity, similar to the sensitivity of local field potential (LFP)? 2) Is the GCaMP-6f signal fast enough for detecting network oscillations seen in LFP? Here the two issues are explored in a number of network events including hippocampus sharp waves (SWs), carbachol induced theta oscillations, interictal-like spikes and neuronal response evoked by high frequency stimuli. SWs are a typical network event with the majority of neurons receiving subthreshold excitatory or inhibitory synaptic input without firing action potentials. The excitatory/inhibitory post synaptic potentials (EPSP/IPSP) in the neuropil become detectable in local field potential (LFP) signals. We compare simultaneously recorded LFP and optical recording of GCaMP-6f fluorescent signals in Thy1-GCaMP-6f mice hippocampal slices. We found that the occurrence of SWs produces a clear population GCaMP-6f signal of 0.3% dF/F. This population GCaMP-6f signal correlated well with the LFP, albeit a delay of ~50 ms was observed. The population GCaMP-6f signal follows well with the 20 Hz population activity evoked by electric stimuli, while activity up to 40 Hz was detected with reduced amplitude. GCaMP-6f and LFP signals showed a large amplitude discrepancy. The amplitude of GCaMP increased ~1000 times from SW to carbachol induced theta burst, while the LFP changed less than 10 times. Our results suggested that population GCaMP-6f signals may become a sensitive tool for detecting network activity, especially for that with low LFP amplitude during elevated spiking rate but asynchronized events. GCaMP signal is fast enough for monitoring theta and beta oscillations (<25Hz) in the neuronal population. Faster calcium indicators (e.g., GCaMP-7) may improve the frequency response property for detecting gamma band oscillations. In addition, population GCaMP recordings are non-contact and free from stimulation artifacts. These features may be useful for high throughput recordings and applications sensitive to stimulus artifact, e.g., monitoring response during continuous stimulations.

State-dependent entrainment of cerebellar nuclear neurons to the local field potential during voluntary movements

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuval Baumel ◽  
Dana Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Local Field ◽  
Local Field Potential ◽  
Phase Locking ◽  
Field Potential ◽  
Rhythmic Activity ◽  
Cerebellar Nuclei ◽  
Single Neurons ◽  
Band Frequency ◽  
Sensorimotor Network ◽  
State Dependent

Understanding the relationship between the local field potential (LFP) and single neurons is essential if we are to understand network dynamics and the entrainment of neuronal activity. Here, we investigated the interaction between the LFP and single neurons recorded in the rat cerebellar nuclei (CN), which are part of the sensorimotor network, in freely moving rats. During movement, the LFP displayed persistent oscillations in the theta band frequency whereas CN neurons displayed intermittent oscillations in the same frequency band contingent on the instantaneous LFP power; the neurons oscillated primarily when the concurrent LFP power was either high or low. Quantification of the relative instantaneous frequency and phase locking showed that CN neurons exhibited phase locked rhythmic activity at a frequency similar to that of the LFP or at a shifted frequency during high and low LFP power, respectively. We suggest that this nonlinear interaction between cerebellar neurons and the LFP power, which occurs solely during movement, contributes to the shaping of cerebellar output patterns.

scholarly journals Local Field Potential Activity Associated with Temporal Expectations in the Macaque Lateral Intraparietal Area

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1314-1330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsie Premereur ◽  
Wim Vanduffel ◽  
Peter Janssen
Keyword(s):  
Local Field ◽  
Local Field Potential ◽  
Visual Stimulation ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Field Potential ◽  
Stimulus Onset ◽  
Network Activity ◽  
Local Network ◽  
Saccade Target ◽  
Lateral Intraparietal Area

Oscillatory brain activity is attracting increasing interest in cognitive neuroscience. Numerous EEG (magnetoencephalography) and local field potential (LFP) measurements have related cognitive functions to different types of brain oscillations, but the functional significance of these rhythms remains poorly understood. Despite its proven value, LFP activity has not been extensively tested in the macaque lateral intraparietal area (LIP), which has been implicated in a wide variety of cognitive control processes. We recorded action potentials and LFPs in area LIP during delayed eye movement tasks and during a passive fixation task, in which the time schedule was fixed so that temporal expectations about task-relevant cues could be formed. LFP responses in the gamma band discriminated reliably between saccade targets and distractors inside the receptive field (RF). Alpha and beta responses were much less strongly affected by the presence of a saccade target, however, but rose sharply in the waiting period before the go signal. Surprisingly, conditions without visual stimulation of the LIP-RF-evoked robust LFP responses in every frequency band—most prominently in those below 50 Hz—precisely time-locked to the expected time of stimulus onset in the RF. These results indicate that in area LIP, oscillations in the LFP, which reflect synaptic input and local network activity, are tightly coupled to the temporal expectation of task-relevant cues.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document