scholarly journals Diagnosis and Management of Oropharyngeal Dysphagia and Its Nutritional and Respiratory Complications in the Elderly

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laia Rofes ◽  
Viridiana Arreola ◽  
Jordi Almirall ◽  
Mateu Cabré ◽  
Lluís Campins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Older People ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Oropharyngeal Dysphagia ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Respiratory Complications ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Risk Of Aspiration

Oropharyngeal dysphagia is a major complaint among older people. Dysphagia may cause two types of complications in these patients: (a) a decrease in the efficacy of deglutition leading to malnutrition and dehydration, (b) a decrease in deglutition safety, leading to tracheobronchial aspiration which results in aspiration pneumonia and can lead to death. Clinical screening methods should be used to identify older people with oropharyngeal dysphagia and to identify those patients who are at risk of aspiration. Videofluoroscopy (VFS) is the gold standard to study the oral and pharyngeal mechanisms of dysphagia in older patients. Up to 30% of older patients with dysphagia present aspiration—half of them without cough, and 45%, oropharyngeal residue; and 55% older patients with dysphagia are at risk of malnutrition. Treatment with dietetic changes in bolus volume and viscosity, as well as rehabilitation procedures can improve deglutition and prevent nutritional and respiratory complications in older patients. Diagnosis and management of oropharyngeal dysphagia need a multidisciplinary approach.

scholarly journals How Much Is One Life Worth? The Right to Equity Healthcare for Improving Older Patients’ Health Infected by COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 6848
Author(s):  
Guiomar Merodio ◽  
Mimar Ramis-Salas ◽  
Diana Valero ◽  
Adriana Aubert
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Resource Scarcity ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Old Patients

Ageism has a tremendous negative impact on elderly persons and society. Discrimination against the elderly is a driver of health and social inequalities. The COVID-19 pandemic has posed new social and health challenges regarding resource scarcity and shortfalls. Under these difficult circumstances, discourses excluding, and discrimination against, older people have aroused. This article gathers evidence on hospital healthcare experiences of older people infected by COVID-19 during the pandemic outbreak in Spain and it analyzes elements that have positively influenced older patients’ perceived health and well-being. We conducted nine qualitative in-depth interviews in Madrid—one of the regions of Spain most affected by COVID-19—with older people that were hospitalized and recovered from COVID-19, family members of old patients infected with COVID-19, and nurses that attended infected older patients. Findings show the challenging experiences faced by older people who were hospitalized due to COVID-19, on the one hand, and the relevance of transformative aspects related to family relationships, solidarity actions, and humanized care that overcame age discrimination, favoring social and equity healthcare for the elderly on the other hand.

RESPIRATORY COMPLICATIONS IN A COHORT OF PATIENTS AT RISK FOR OROPHARYNGEAL DYSPHAGIA

CHEST Journal ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
pp. 11P
Author(s):  
Luis F. Giraldo ◽  
Ximena Miranda ◽  
Camilo Barros ◽  
Mauricio Hernandez ◽  
Nicolas Martinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Oropharyngeal Dysphagia ◽  
Respiratory Complications ◽  
Patients At Risk

scholarly journals Older people at risk in times of pandemic? A qualitative study of coping narratives that support resilience in older people

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucía Pérez Sánchez ◽  
Beatriz Guadalupe Maza Pérez ◽  
Guiana Fernández De Lara López Fernández De Lara López
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Older People ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Coping Resources ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: The World Health Organization mentions that the stress that COVID-19 triggers and confinement are causing a strong psychological impact on societies, due to the relationship made of the binomial pandemic and death. The above exposes the political scenario of COVID-19 for the elderly that once again exhibits the image of the elderly as fragile beings, incapable of thinking and deciding for themselves, who must be cloistered and isolated. However, despite the empirical evidence that shows a vulnerable and at-risk population in the context of the current pandemic, other theoretical views differ and emphasize the strengths that are manifested in this stage of life. Objective: To understand the narrative construction and resilient processes that the older adult population has experienced concerning COVID-19. Special attention was paid to the discourse on psycho-emotional consequences, social beliefs about old age, discrimination, as well as the omissions of human rights and dignity of the elderly. Method: qualitative descriptive cross-sectional ethnomethodological design, with a continuous inclusion sample, corresponding to 15 participants, between 64 and 85 years old, living in Mexico. Results: It was identified that the participating older adults have sufficient psycho-emotional coping resources, due to the efficacy of the regulation of the feelings experienced. However, it is still influenced by the social perception of stereotypes and stigmatization. Conclusions: The results coincide with the postulates of positive psychology and psycho-gerontology regarding the development of capacities and potentialities as a continuous process, and that in older adulthood they become present, thanks to the accumulation of experiences, individual and collective. This underlines the importance of including other ways in which old age is lived and studied, and therefore in the methodologies and proposals for intervention.

The elderly patient

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fraser Birrell ◽  
Janice O’Connell
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patient ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Musculoskeletal Conditions ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Rheumatological Diseases

In this chapter, we describe how the process of ageing can itself affect the diagnosis and treatment of musculoskeletal conditions. We outline general principles concerning the clinical presentation of rheumatological diseases in older patients, as well as providing specific guidance on the diagnosis and management of the commoner conditions encountered in practice in the United Kingdom.

scholarly journals Treating overactive bladder in the elderly

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (5-S2) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Adrian Wagg
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Overactive Bladder ◽  
Older People ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Conventional Treatment ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Lifestyle Measures ◽  
Cognitively Intact

The prevalence of the overactive bladder (OAB) symptom complexincreases with age. Older people also appear to experience moresevere incontinence syndromes, including OAB, than their youngercounterparts. Older patients are more likely than younger individualsto ask for medication for bladder problems and to requirehigher doses of medication. Conventional treatment for OAB withconservative and lifestyle measures in combination with antimuscarinicpharmacotherapy is effective in older people. Althoughthere is a theoretical potential for cognitive impairment with antimuscarinicagents, the newer antimuscarinics are cognitively safein cognitively intact older people.

The elderly patient

2013 ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
Fraser Birrell ◽  
Janice O’Connell
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patient ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Musculoskeletal Conditions ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Rheumatological Diseases

In this chapter, we describe how the process of ageing can itself affect the diagnosis and treatment of musculoskeletal conditions. We outline general principles concerning the clinical presentation of rheumatological diseases in older patients, as well as providing specific guidance on the diagnosis and management of the commoner conditions encountered in practice in the United Kingdom.

Diagnosis and management of haematological malignancies in older people

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-311
Author(s):  
Helen Marr ◽  
Gail L Jones ◽  
Graham H Jackson ◽  
Wendy Osborne
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Older People ◽  
Acute Leukaemia ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Disorders ◽  
Haematological Malignancies ◽  
Younger Patients ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Medical Teams

SummaryThe incidence of most haematological malignancies increases with age. Given that those aged >65 years represent the fastest growing segment of Western populations, these cancers may commonly present to medical teams with an interest in older patients. Over the last 20 years there have been dramatic improvements in the outlook for patients diagnosed with haematological cancers, but there is evidence that many of these improvements have been restricted to younger patients. It is therefore important that older patients with haematological malignancies are rapidly diagnosed and promptly treated with the best available therapies. Clinical trials that specifically encompass older patients are clearly important. In this review, the presentation and management of common haematological malignancies will be discussed, including myelodysplasia, acute leukaemia, lymphoproliferative disorders and myeloma.

Gastroenterology

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lesley K. Bowker ◽  
James D. Price ◽  
Ku Shah ◽  
Sarah C. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Gall Bladder ◽  
Older People ◽  
Enteral Feeding ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

This chapter provides information on the ageing gastrointestinal system, the elderly mouth, nutrition, enteral feeding, the ethics of clinically assisted feeding, oesophageal disease, dysphagia, peptic ulcer disease, the liver and gall bladder, constipation, diverticular disease, inflammatory bowel disease, diarrhoea in older patients, other colonic conditions, the ‘acute surgical abdomen’, obstructed bowel in older patients, and obesity in older people.

Prioritising the care of older people at home

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 34-35
Author(s):  
Peter Seldon
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Older People ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
At Home

As the NHS gears up for the burden likely to be placed on already stretched resources by coronavirus, attention is turning once again to the number of older patients in hospitals. As the primary at risk group: how can they be protected from exposure?

Hyponatraemia in older patients: a clinical and practical approach

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Runkle ◽  
E Gomez-Hoyos ◽  
M Cuesta-Hernández ◽  
J Chafer-Vilaplana ◽  
P de Miguel
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patient ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Older People ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Risk Of Fracture ◽  
Diuretic Hormone

SummaryHyponatraemia is frequent in older people and induces marked motor and cognitive dysfunction, even in patients deemed ‘asymptomatic’. Nutritional status is worse than in euvolaemic-matched controls, and the risk of fracture is increased following incidental falls. Yet hyponatraemia is undertreated, in spite of the fact that its correction is accompanied by a clear improvement in symptoms. Both evaluation of neurological symptoms and classification by volaemia are essential for a correct diagnosis and treatment of the hyponatraemic elderly patient. The syndrome of inappropriate anti-diuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) is the most common cause of hyponatraemia in older people. Nutritional status and chronicity of SIADH should be taken into account when deciding therapy. We propose an 8-step approach to the management of the elderly patient with hyponatraemia.

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