scholarly journals Psychosocial Factors of Different Health Behaviour Patterns in Adolescents: Association with Overweight and Weight Control Behaviours

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana M. Veloso ◽  
Margarida G. Matos ◽  
Marina Carvalho ◽  
José A. Diniz
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Health Behaviour ◽  
Body Satisfaction ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Psychosocial Variables

Physical activity, nutrition, and sedentary behaviour combine to influence the risk of overweight among adolescents. This paper aims to identify psychosocial factors of different health behaviour patterns in adolescents and its association with overweight and weight control behaviours. The 3069 adolescents of both genders (average of 14.8 years old) from the 2010 Portuguese survey of Health Behaviour School-Aged Children (HBSC) answered the 2010 HBSC self-reported questionnaire. It used the cluster k-means (nonhierarchy method), qui-square, one-way ANOVA, and logistic regression. Three clusters with different behavioural patterns (physical activity, sedentary, and eating) composed the results obtained. The sedentary group (34%) had lower self-regulation, body satisfaction, health and wellness, family and classmates relationships, communication with the father than the other two groups. The active gamers (25%) had a smaller BMI but used more unhealthy weight control strategies than the other two groups. The healthy group (41%) was more motivated and more satisfied with school but was not different than the active gamers in most psychosocial variables. Differences were found between clusters for weight control behaviours and psychosocial variables. Different strategies for different patterns were necessary in order to promote obesity prevention and, simultaneously, target healthy lifestyle and wellbeing in adolescents.

scholarly journals Are Adolescent Body Image Concerns Associated with Health-Compromising Physical Activity Behaviours?

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 1225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasa Jankauskiene ◽  
Migle Baceviciene ◽  
Simona Pajaujiene ◽  
Dana Badau
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Important Variable ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Sociocultural Attitudes ◽  
Body Image Concerns

The present study aimed to assess the-prevalence of health-compromising eating and physical activity behaviours, and to test their associations with physical activity, internalisation of sociocultural attitudes towards appearance, and body image in a sample of adolescents of both genders. A total sample of 736 adolescents (437 or 59.4% were girls) participated in the study. The participants ranged in age from 16 to 19 years (x = 17.2, SD = 0.6). The sample completed a questionnaire measuring body mass index, the risk of eating disorders, body image, internalisation of sociocultural ideals of appearance, health-compromising eating behaviours (HCEB), and health-compromising weight control related to physical activity behaviours (HCPAB). Logistic regressions were used to assess the associations between the study variables and predictors of HCEB and HCPAB. The results of the study showed a relatively high prevalence of HCEB with a significantly higher prevalence in girls and participants with a higher BMI. The study also demonstrated that the prevalence of adolescent HCPAB was higher than HCEB. The internalisation of sociocultural attitudes towards appearance and body image concerns were higher in the HCEB and HCPAB groups. Female gender (OR = 1.88; 95% PI = 1.10–3.18), HCPAB (OR = 1.19; 95% PI = 1.10–1.28), a preoccupation with being overweight (OR = 3.43; 95% PI = 2.52–4.66), and body weight evaluation as too high (OR = 2.40; 95% PI = 1.57–3.68) were significant predictors of HCEB. More frequent physical activity (OR = 3.02; 95% PI = 1.76–5.17), HCEB (OR = 1.22; 95% PI = 1.11–1.32), and perceived pressures to conform to popular beauty ideals (OR = 1.51; 95% PI = 1.12–2.03) predicted higher HCPAB. HCPAB is an important variable associated with adolescents’ body image, physical activity, and weight control. The results of the present study are important for health promotion and education programs addressing adolescents’ healthy lifestyle, weight control, and body image concerns.

Pregnancy, Physical Activity and Weight Control to Prevent Obesity and Future Chronic Disease Risk in Both Mother and Child

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle F. Mottola
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Weight Retention ◽  
Chronic Disease Risk

Maternal obesity is accelerating world-wide and may be partly due to excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) and weight retention so that women begin a subsequent pregnancy with extra weight. Excessive GWG has been linked to chronic disease risk in the mother and also to an unhealthy foetal environment with downstream consequences for offspring health with risk for childhood obesity. Weight control during pregnancy and prevention of excessive GWG is an important issue for both mother and developing child. A healthy lifestyle through healthy eating and physical activity are key to prevention. Weight management for non-pregnant individuals has been evaluated for over 30 years, and lessons learned may assist in planning interventions for preventing excessive GWG. Many systematic reviews and meta-analyses analyzing the same studies on GWG report very different results. Recently, 10 intervention trials to prevent excessive GWG were published and only 6 of them were successful. Significant association between maternal exercise and GWG guidelines were reported, however, “one size does not fit all”. The failed trials did not have extra faceto- face sessions, were educational based and adherence was <50%. Accountability, face-to-face exercise sessions, and pedometers may motivate pregnant women to increase step counts to 10,000, which, when combined with nutrition control, prevents excessive GWG. Community walking programs that include family members and children may assist pregnant women of all body mass index categories to overcome potential barriers to promote a healthy lifestyle that will benefit them and their families for weight control and prevention of future chronic disease risk.

scholarly journals Body Dissatisfaction in Adolescents: Differences by Sex, BMI and Type and Organisation of Physical Activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (17) ◽  
pp. 3109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Gregorio Fernández-Bustos ◽  
Álvaro Infantes-Paniagua ◽  
Irene Gonzalez-Martí ◽  
Onofre Ricardo Contreras-Jordán
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Body Satisfaction ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽  
Affective Component ◽  
Activity Questionnaire

The aim of this study was to assess the differences in body dissatisfaction (BD) of male and female adolescents by body max index (BMI) and the quantity, type and organisation of physical activity (PA). To do so, 652 adolescents aged 12–17 years participated in a cross-sectional study. The cognitive-affective component of BD was assessed with the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) and the perceptual component with Gardner’s scale for the assessment of, body image (BI). PA was measured with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-SF) and the item 1 from the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents (PAQ-A). The results show that sex and BMI are key variables when determining BD. Moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) was moderately associated with a greater body satisfaction in males but no association was found between BD and the participation and organisation of PA. Moreover, the results suggest that participants in aesthetic/lean PA are at a higher risk of suffering from BD than participants in other PA types. These findings provide useful information for the design of programmes promoting healthy lifestyles, weight control and BI concern during the school period.

scholarly journals Health-Saving Technologies in the Context of Globalization

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4S) ◽  
pp. 63-67
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Starting Point

The article raises problems of the value of human life and health in the context of globalization. Health is defined as the starting point for human self-realization and is viewed from the point of view of the philosophy of prevention and protection. The new paradigm of axiological perception of a person in the unity of his physical characteristics and spiritual coordinates represents the problems of human health, quality of life, opportunities and life expectancy as priorities for social development and public policy, which determines the relevance of theoretical significance and practical development of this problem, the need for comprehensive research in medicine. philosophy, sociology, law and education; improvement of methodological and organizational approaches to the preservation of health, its formation and development. The decline of public health in modern realities necessitated the study of effective mechanisms to increase its level. This article has identified and analyzed technologies that preserve human health. Attention is focused on a healthy lifestyle and motor activity. Provides statistics related to human health and physical activity. Lack of physical activity is considered an important factor in causing noncommunicable diseases. A large role in the formation of a positive attitude to their health is played by international projects aimed at solving the problem of insufficient physical activity. The article discusses the most interesting technologies aimed at overcoming physical inactivity. Revealed their positive dynamics. Effective Ukrainian strategies are also emphasized. The study showed that health-saving technologies are prevention and protection technologies that ensure the psychophysiological safety of a person. They embody strategies aimed at preserving and promoting health and developing a healthy lifestyle. Presented in medical, educational, political and humanitarian discourses. Are a condition for the development and self-regulation of personality. These studies have shown that the formation of requirements for maintaining a healthy lifestyle is an important social task of medicine, philosophy, sociology, pedagogy and other branches of human knowledge, each individually perceived person and the whole society. In this regard, an integrated approach to its solution.

scholarly journals The importance of holistic intervention in children and adolescent obesity

2020 ◽  
pp. 179-188
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Modern Approach ◽  
Children And Adolescent

Adolescence is a special stage in the development of obesity and implicitly for interventions to control it. From a nutritional point of view, the adolescent with weight problems is going through an extremely vulnerable period, the increased need of nutrients necessary for the correct physical and mental development being often unsatisfied due to poor eating habits. This article refers to the importance of sport and physical activity of any kind as an adjuvant treatment of childhood obesity and was conceived as a plea for the holistic approach to infantile obesity. The study briefly presents the pathological substrate of childhood obesity (statistics, causes, consequences, methods of diagnosis and treatment) and the solutions considered most effective in ameliorating and curing this problem. It highlights the role of movement in implementing specific treatments for childhood obesity, along with the modern approach to nutrition in contrast to lifestyle, and also the influence of family patterns on the manifestation of exercise and eating habits and their transmission from one generation to another. Evidence based on empirical research in the literature regarding intervention programmes in the treatment of childhood obesity is also presented. Healthy lifestyle modification programmes for weight control in children should be directed by health professionals (primary health care professionals, nutrition/diet professionals, teachers, physical activity professionals), who are specially trained in the field of infantile obesity.

scholarly journals Do Clinical And Psychosocial Factors Affect Health-Related Quality of Life in Adolescents with Chronic Diseases?

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Cristina Santos ◽  
Margarida Gaspar de Matos ◽  
Adilson Marques ◽  
Celeste Simões ◽  
Isabel Leal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Psychosocial Variables ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Clinical Variables ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Living with a chronic disease in adolescence can have an impact on the perception of Health-related Quality of Life (HRQoL). Facing the increasing relevance of psychosocial dimensions and also considering the interaction with clinical variables, this study aimed to measure the impact of clinical and psychosocial factors (separated and combined) on adolescent’s reported HRQoL.A cross-sectional study was conducted in a clinical population of 135 adolescents with chronic diseases (n=70 boys), average age: 14±1.5 years old. Through a self-reported questionnaire, HRQoL (KIDSCREEN-10), socio-demographic, clinical variables (diagnostic; time of diagnosis; self-perceived pain; disease severity proxy; disease-related medication intake/use of special equipment), and psychosocial variables (psychosomatic health; resilience; self-regulation; social support) were assessed.Separately, clinical and psychosocial variables showed a significant impact in HRQoL, 27.9% and 62.4%, respectively. Once combined, the previously identified variables had a significant impact (64.2%), but a different contribution from clinical and psychosocial variables was revealed: when first entering the clinical variables (model 1) the variance only reaches 30%, and much more from psychosocial variables seems to explain the total (64.2%); inversely, when first integrating psychosocial variables (model 2), the clinical ones added a small significance to the model (0.6%).The present study underlined the association of clinical (“disease-related”) and psychosocial (“non-disease-related”) factors on HRQoL. Furthermore, it reinforced the need to focus more on psychosocial dimensions, highlighted the potential role of psychosomatic health, resilience, self-regulation and social support. It can be suggested that the identification of impaired psychosocial domains may help professionals to better plan, and achieve effective interventions of psychosocial care.

Using “spinal shrinkage” as a trigger for motivating students to learn about obesity and adopt a healthy lifestyle

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talay Yar
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Laboratory Exercise ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Physiology Laboratory

Obesity is a global problem; however, relatively little attention is directed toward preparing and inspiring students of medicine and allied medical sciences to address this serious matter. Students are not routinely exposed to the assessment methods for obesity, its overall prevalence, causative factors, short- and long-term consequences, and its management by lifestyle modification. This physiology laboratory exercise involving students of medicine ( n = 106) was developed to 1) introduce medical students to methods of obesity assessment and to differentiate between general and abdominal obesity, 2) generate an interest and sensitivity about obesity, and 3) stimulate thinking about modification of their lifestyle in relation to eating habits, weight control, and physical activity. Spinal shrinkage (the difference between the standing height of a person and his/her recumbent length) was used as an immediate observable parameter to demonstrate the effect of adiposity. Spinal shrinkage is recognized as an index of the compressive forces acting on the spine and is related to body mass index. A positive correlation ( r = 0.365, P < 0.05) was observed between body mass index and spinal shrinkage. A questionnaire was used to assess student responses to this exercise. Students were motivated to engage in more physical activity (74%), adopt healthier eating (63%), and enhance their knowledge about obesity (67%). They expressed keen interest in the laboratory exercise and found the sessions enjoyable (91%). The laboratory exercise proved to be a success in motivating the students to actively learn and inquire about obesity and to adopt a healthier lifestyle.

Child health behaviour and parent priorities for a school-based healthy lifestyle programme

2020 ◽  
pp. 001789692097215
Author(s):  
Cristina R Fernández ◽  
Janet Lee ◽  
Nathalie Duroseau ◽  
Ileana Vargas-Rodriguez ◽  
Jessica Rieder
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Health Behaviour ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Food Choices ◽  
School Based ◽  
Child Involvement ◽  
Physical Activity Classes ◽  
Lifestyle Programme

Objective: The purpose of this study was to characterise parents’ concerns for their children’s health behaviour and perceptions of motivators and barriers to positive child health behaviour change, and to determine associations between motivators and barriers and parents’ priorities for a school-based healthy lifestyle programme. Design: Cross-sectional study of 46 parents who had completed an un-validated survey distributed during school-wide events. Setting: School for children aged 5–14 years in The Bronx, New York City, USA. Methods: Wilcoxon Rank Sum tests compared motivators and barriers to positive child health behaviour change by heath behaviour concern; Spearman’s correlation assessed associations between motivators and barriers and programme priorities. Results: Parents concerned about child weight significantly ranked keeping up with others and decreasing clothing size as motivators, while parents concerned about child food choices significantly ranked improving food choices and decreasing body mass index (BMI) and clothing size as motivators. Food-, play-, and self-esteem-related motivators were associated with nutrition education ( rs ⩾ .41, p ⩽ .01), physical activity classes ( rs ⩾ .29, p ⩽ .04) and child involvement in programme decision-making ( rs ⩾ .43, p ⩽ .01) priorities. Consistency-, child resistance- and home rules-related barriers were associated with nutrition education ( rs ⩾ .37, p = .02), physical activity classes ( rs ⩾ .32, p = .02) and child involvement ( rs ⩾ .40, p ⩽ .02) priorities. Conclusions: Despite the study sample size, selection bias, and generalisability limitations, prioritising nutrition, physical activity and child involvement in programme decision-making may enhance parent support for school-based healthy lifestyle programmes.

scholarly journals Positive Youth Development: Interactions Between Healthy Lifestyle Behaviours and Psychosocial Variables

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarida Gaspar de Matos ◽  
Teresa Santos ◽  
Marta Reis ◽  
Adilson Marques
Keyword(s):  
Youth Development ◽  
Positive Youth Development ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Psychosocial Variables ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviours ◽  
Positive Indicators ◽  
The Impact

The Positive Youth Development - PYD concept emphasised the importance of strengthening developmental assets in youth’s networks and contexts. This paper examines the correlation between PYD, healthy lifestyle behaviours and psychosocial variables (self-regulation, resilience, and anxiety); and the impact of PYD and psychosocial variables on healthy lifestyle behaviours. 2700 youths (73.3% girls; mean age 21.3±2.79 years) were included. Results showed that all variables mostly had significantly correlational associations. Specifically, the linear regression model evidenced that the promotion of PYD and self-regulation, along with the reduction of anxiety can be relevant for improving healthy lifestyle behaviours. Such results suggest a dynamic interdependence between all the present variables, reinforcing the need to study positive indicators for youth development. Having more knowledge in this area can help health professionals, educators, and policy-makers, in order to better plan interventions/policies and to improve an integral healthy perspective for youths, based on interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary work.

scholarly journals Do healthy doctors deliver better messages of health promotion to their patients?: Data from the SUN cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 438-444
Author(s):  
Silvia Carlos ◽  
Anaïs Rico-Campà ◽  
Carmen de la Fuente-Arrillaga ◽  
María Echavarri ◽  
Alejandro Fernandez-Montero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Drug Prescription ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Behavioral Counseling ◽  
Baseline Information ◽  
Diet And Lifestyle

Abstract Background Healthy lifestyle adherence is associated with lower chronic disease morbidity/mortality. The role of doctors, as counselors and role models, is essential. Among physicians participating in a prospective cohort, we investigated the behavioral counseling on diet and lifestyle provided to their patients in association with their own personal behaviors. Methods We assessed 890 doctors aged ≤65 years participating in the ‘Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra’ (SUN) cohort, who replied to an online questionnaire regarding their practices on behavioral counseling and drug prescription to their patients. Data were combined with previous baseline information on their personal healthy habits. Results Among doctors, 31% reported &lt;10 min per visit; 73% counseled 60–100% of their patients on smoking cessation, 58% on physical activity, 54% on weight control, 51% on healthy nutrition, 44% on alcohol avoidance/reduction and 28% recommended alcohol moderate consumption. The percentage of doctors that counseled 100% of their patients about lifestyle was 43% for smoking cessation, 15% for exercise and 13% for weight control and nutrition. Better doctor’s adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern was associated with more frequent and longer nutrition counseling. Higher practice of physical activity was associated with longer time on counseling about exercise to their patients. Among doctors both current and former smoking were inversely associated with the frequency and duration of their smoking cessation/avoidance counseling practices. Conclusions Personal behavioral changes among doctors and better training of medical doctors on a personal healthy diet and lifestyle are likely to contribute to improve the behavioral counseling given to patients.

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