scholarly journals Functional Characterization of Sesquiterpene Synthase fromPolygonum minus

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su-Fang Ee ◽  
Zeti-Azura Mohamed-Hussein ◽  
Roohaida Othman ◽  
Noor Azmi Shaharuddin ◽  
Ismanizan Ismail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Metal Binding ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Sesquiterpene Synthase ◽  
Conserved Motifs ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Metal Binding Domain

Polygonum minusis an aromatic plant, which contains high abundance of terpenoids, especially the sesquiterpenes C15H24. Sesquiterpenes were believed to contribute to the many useful biological properties in plants. This study aimed to functionally characterize a full length sesquiterpene synthase gene fromP. minus.P. minussesquiterpene synthase (PmSTS) has a complete open reading frame (ORF) of 1689 base pairs encoding a 562 amino acid protein. Similar to other sesquiterpene synthases, PmSTS has two large domains: the N-terminal domain and the C-terminal metal-binding domain. It also consists of three conserved motifs: the DDXXD, NSE/DTE, and RXR. A three-dimensional protein model for PmSTS built clearly distinguished the two main domains, where conserved motifs were highlighted. We also constructed a phylogenetic tree, which showed that PmSTS belongs to the angiosperm sesquiterpene synthase subfamily Tps-a. To examine the function ofPmSTS, we expressed this gene inArabidopsis thaliana. Two transgenic lines, designated asOE3andOE7, were further characterized, both molecularly and functionally. The transgenic plants demonstrated smaller basal rosette leaves, shorter and fewer flowering stems, and fewer seeds compared to wild type plants. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the transgenic plants showed that PmSTS was responsible for the production ofβ-sesquiphellandrene.

Identification and functional characterization of a sesquiterpene synthase gene from Eleutherococcus trifoliatus

Holzforschung ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi-Hsiang Wen ◽  
Yen-Hsueh Tseng ◽  
Fang-Hua Chu
Keyword(s):  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Terpene Synthase ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Sesquiterpene Synthase ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Authentic Standard ◽  
The Common

Abstract In the present study, one sesquiterpene synthase gene in Eleutherococcus trifoliatus was identified and characterized. Full-length cDNA was obtained from stems. It contained an open reading frame of 1671 bp (EtCop) with a predicted molecular mass of 64.5 kDa. The amino acid sequence of EtCop contained the common terpene synthase family motifs RR(x)8W, RxR and DDxxD. The recombinant protein from Escherichia coli was incubated with farnesyl diphosphate in order to identify the function of EtCop. The product of EtCop could be identified as an α-copaene by means of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis and comparison with an authentic standard.

Cloning and expression of a sesquiterpene synthase gene from Taiwania cryptomerioides

Holzforschung ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
pp. 1041-1048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui-Ling Hsieh ◽  
Li-Ting Ma ◽  
Sheng-Yang Wang ◽  
Fang-Hua Chu
Keyword(s):  
Major Product ◽  
Cloning And Expression ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Degenerate Primers ◽  
Sesquiterpene Synthase ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Taiwania Cryptomerioides

Abstract Taiwania (Taiwania cryptomerioides Hayata) is a conifer species native to Taiwan, which is known for several bioactive secondary metabolites extracted from it. In this study, a sesquiterpene synthase (TPS) gene isolated from Taiwania was in focus. First, a pair of degenerate primers was designed for reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction based on the total RNA extracted from the leaves of a mature tree. A DNA fragment with the conserved region of TPS gene was obtained. After 5′- and 3′-end amplification, the full-length gene was obtained, which contains an open reading frame of 1791 bp and encodes a predicted molecular mass of 70.2-kDa protein. The gene was highly expressed in young leaves, female flowers, and cones. The expression in leaves was enhanced by salicylic acid. To identify the function of TPS, the recombinant protein from Escherichia coli (Migula) Castellani & Chalmers was incubated with farnesyl diphosphate. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis and retention time as well as mass spectrum matching with authentic standards revealed that the major product of TPS is sesquiterpene α-gurjunene. The gene was, therefore, designated as Tc-Gur.

scholarly journals Chemical Characterization and Biological Properties of Royal Jelly Samples From the Mediterranean Area

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2090808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soukaïna El-Guendouz ◽  
Alexandra M. Machado ◽  
Smail Aazza ◽  
Badiaâ Lyoussi ◽  
Maria G. Miguel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Royal Jelly ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Decenoic Acid ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis

Royal jelly (RJ) is a bee product that has high nutritional value and is beneficial for the human health, earning importance as a functional food. Thus, the characterization of its main biological properties is with high importance. In this work, 6 RJ samples obtained in Morocco, Portugal, and Spain were evaluated in terms of total phenol and flavone/flavonol contents; total protein; 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA); volatiles composition; antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties; and inhibition of tyrosinase, xanthine oxidase (XO), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities. Total phenolic content ranged from 3 to 9 mg gallic acid equivalent/g RJ, and flavone/flavonol content from 0.1 to 0.5 mg quercetin equivalent/g RJ. 10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic acid content varied from 0.9% to 1.2% and total protein from 5.5% to 29.7%. Gas chromatography-flame ionization detector and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis showed RJ volatiles dominated by linolenic acid, 2-decenoic acid, and octanoic acid in variable amounts. The antioxidant activity was monitored through nitric oxide (NO) scavenging activity and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) scavenging capacity, where the IC50 ranged from 2.3 to 3.4 and 0.2 to 1.5 mg/mL, respectively. Anti-AChE activity IC50 ranged from 0.7 to 4.6 mg/mL, while XO inhibition IC50 ranged from 3.3 to 11.9 mg/mL. The results showed that phenols and flavonoids highly contributed to the RJ biological properties in contrast to 10-HDA and proteins.

scholarly journals Functional Characterization of Terpene Synthases Accounting for the Volatilized-Terpene Heterogeneity in Lathyrus odoratus Cultivar Flowers

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (10) ◽  
pp. 1733-1749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Bao ◽  
Kimani Shadrack ◽  
Song Yang ◽  
Xinxin Xue ◽  
Shuying Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Floral Scent ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Bioinformatic Analysis ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Terpene Synthases ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Lathyrus Odoratus ◽  
Sweet Pea

Abstract Lathyrus odoratus (sweet pea) is an ornamental plant with exceptional floral scent, previously used as an experimental organism in the early development of Mendelian genetics. However, its terpene synthases (TPSs), which act as metabolic gatekeepers in the biosynthesis of volatile terpenoids, remain to be characterized. Auto-Headspace Solid-phase Microextraction/Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis of floral volatile terpene constituents from seven sweet pea cultivars identified α-bergamotene, linalool, (−)-α-cubebene, geraniol, β-caryophyllene and β-sesquiphellandrene as the dominant compounds. RNA sequencing was performed to profile the transcriptome of L. odoratus flowers. Bioinformatic analysis identified eight TPS genes (acronymed as LoTPS) that were successfully cloned, heterologously expressed and functionally analyzed. LoTPS4 and LoTPS7, belonging to the TPS-b clade, biochemically catalyzed the formation of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. LoTPS3 and LoTPS8, placed in the TPS-a clade, also generated monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, while LoTPS12 belonging to the TPS-g clade showed linalool/nerolidol synthase activity. Notably, biochemical assays of the recombinant LoTPS proteins revealed their catalytic promiscuity, and the enzymatic products were basically consistent with major volatile compounds released from sweet pea flowers. The data from our study lay the foundation for the chemical ecology, molecular genetics and biotechnological improvement of sweet pea and other legumes (Fabaceae).

scholarly journals GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY AND MASS SPECTROMETRY OF THE ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF NEST MATERIAL OF MUD DAUBER WASP, SCELIPHRON CAEMENTARIUM

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 234
Author(s):  
Susheela P ◽  
Rosaline Mary ◽  
Radha R
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Methylene Chloride ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

Objective: The objective of the present study was to determine the chemical compounds present in the nests of the mud dauber wasp, Sceliphron caementarium.Methods: Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the nest samples was carried out by standard procedures. The resultant compounds were compared with the database of the National Institute Standard and Technology (NIST), WILEY8, FAME.Results: The results of the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the concentrated ethanol extract revealed the presence of chemical compounds such as methylene chloride, 1, 1’:3’, 1’’-Terphenyl, 5’-Phenyl, Di N Decylsulfone, Eicosanoic acid, 1, 2-Bis (Trimethylsilyl) Benzene, and Androstane-11, 17-Dione, 3-[(Trimethylsilyl) Oxy]-, 17-[O-(Phenylmethyl) O.Conclusion: The compounds identified were found to have biological properties such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antifungal, and further study of these isolated compounds may prove their medicinal importance in future.

Spectrophotometry Measurement of Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Hamilton Harbour Sediments

1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.P. Murphy ◽  
H. Brouwer ◽  
M.E. Fox ◽  
E. Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Coal Tar ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Hamilton Harbour

Abstract Eighty-one sediment cores were collected to determine the extent of coal tar contamination in a toxic area of Hamilton Harbour. Over 800 samples were analyzed by a UV spectrophotometric technique that was standardized with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis. The coal tar distribution was variable. The highest concentrations were near the Stelco outfalls and the Hamilton-Wentworth combined sewer outfalls. The total concentration of the 16 polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in 48,300 m3 of near-surface sediments exceeded 200 µg/g.

scholarly journals Biodegradation and metabolic pathway of fenvalerate by Citrobacter freundii CD-9

AMB Express ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Tang ◽  
Dan Lei ◽  
Min Wu ◽  
Qiong Hu ◽  
Qing Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Citrobacter Freundii ◽  
16S Rrna Sequence ◽  
Intracellular Enzyme ◽  
Pyrethroid Insecticides ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis

Abstract Fenvalerate is a pyrethroid insecticide with rapid action, strong targeting, broad spectrum, and high efficiency. However, continued use of fenvalerate has resulted in its widespread presence as a pollutant in surface streams and soils, causing serious environmental pollution. Pesticide residues in the soil are closely related to food safety, yet little is known regarding the kinetics and metabolic behaviors of fenvalerate. In this study, a fenvalerate-degrading microbial strain, CD-9, isolated from factory sludge, was identified as Citrobacter freundii based on morphological, physio-biochemical, and 16S rRNA sequence analysis. Response surface methodology analysis showed that the optimum conditions for fenvalerate degradation by CD-9 were pH 6.3, substrate concentration 77 mg/L, and inoculum amount 6% (v/v). Under these conditions, approximately 88% of fenvalerate present was degraded within 72 h of culture. Based on high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis, ten metabolites were confirmed after the degradation of fenvalerate by strain CD-9. Among them, o-phthalaldehyde is a new metabolite for fenvalerate degradation. Based on the identified metabolites, a possible degradation pathway of fenvalerate by C. freundii CD-9 was proposed. Furthermore, the enzyme localization method was used to study CD-9 bacteria and determine that its degrading enzyme is an intracellular enzyme. The degradation rate of fenvalerate by a crude enzyme solution for over 30 min was 73.87%. These results showed that strain CD-9 may be a suitable organism to eliminate environmental pollution by pyrethroid insecticides and provide a future reference for the preparation of microbial degradation agents and environmental remediation.

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