scholarly journals Montanoa frutescensandMontanoa grandifloraExtracts Reduce Anxiety-Like Behavior during the Metestrus-Diestrus Phase of the Ovarian Cycle in Wistar Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Francisco Rodríguez-Landa ◽  
Julio Vicente-Serna ◽  
Luis Alfredo Rodríguez-Blanco ◽  
María de Jesús Rovirosa-Hernández ◽  
Francisco García-Orduña ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Field ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Open Field Test ◽  
Ovarian Cycle ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Cycle Phase ◽  
Medicinal Use ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Estrus Phase

In previous studies, the anxiolytic-like effects ofMontanoa tomentosaandMontanoa frutescenswere reported in male rats, but the potential anxiolytic-like effects ofMontanoaplants during the different phases of the ovarian cycle in rats remain to be explored. The anxiolytic-like effects of the aqueous crude extracts ofM. frutescens(25 and 50 mg/kg) andM. grandiflora(25 and 50 mg/kg) in the elevated plus maze were investigated in Wistar rats during the estrous cycle and compared with 2 mg/kg diazepam as a reference anxiolytic drug. To investigate any motor effect (i.e., hyperactivity, no changes, or hypoactivity) associated with the treatments, the rats were evaluated in the open field test. TheM. frutescens(25 and 50 mg/kg) andM. grandiflora(50 mg/kg) extracts exerted anxiolytic-like effects during the metestrus-diestrus phase, similar to diazepam, without disrupting spontaneous motor activity. No significant effects of the extracts were detected in either behavioral test during the proestrus-estrus phase, whereas diazepam produced motor hypoactivity in the open field test. These results indicate that theM. frutescensandM. grandifloraextracts possess anxiolytic-like effects that depend on the ovarian cycle phase, supporting the Mexican ancient medicinal use of these plants to ameliorate anxiety disorders.

scholarly journals Participation ofGABAAChloride Channels in the Anxiolytic-Like Effects of a Fatty Acid Mixture

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Francisco Rodríguez-Landa ◽  
Rosa Isela García-Ríos ◽  
Jonathan Cueto-Escobedo ◽  
Blandina Bernal-Morales ◽  
Carlos M. Contreras
Keyword(s):  
Open Field ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Chloride Channels ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Open Field Test ◽  
Acid Mixture ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Gaba Binding ◽  
Defensive Burying

Human amniotic fluid and a mixture of eight fatty acids (FAT-M) identified in this maternal fluid (C12:0, lauric acid, 0.9 μg%; C14:0, myristic acid, 6.9 μg%; C16:0, palmitic acid, 35.3 μg%; C16:1, palmitoleic acid, 16.4 μg%; C18:0, stearic acid, 8.5 μg%; C18:1cis, oleic acid, 18.4 μg%; C18:1trans, elaidic acid, 3.5 μg%; C18:2, linoleic acid, 10.1 μg%) produce anxiolytic-like effects that are comparable to diazepam in Wistar rats, suggesting the involvement ofγ-aminobutyric acid-A (GABAA) receptors, a possibility not yet explored. Wistar rats were subjected to the defensive burying test, elevated plus maze, and open field test. In different groups, threeGABAAreceptor antagonists were administered 30 min before FAT-M administration, including the competitive GABA binding antagonist bicuculline (1 mg/kg),GABAAbenzodiazepine antagonist flumazenil (5 mg/kg), and noncompetitiveGABAAchloride channel antagonist picrotoxin (1 mg/kg). The FAT-M exerted anxiolytic-like effects in the defensive burying test and elevated plus maze, without affecting locomotor activity in the open field test. TheGABAAantagonists alone did not produce significant changes in the behavioral tests. Picrotoxin but not bicuculline or flumazenil blocked the anxiolytic-like effect of the FAT-M. Based on the specific blocking action of picrotoxin on the effects of the FAT-M, we conclude that the FAT-M exerted its anxiolytic-like effects throughGABAAreceptor chloride channels.

scholarly journals Effect of Short Time Exposure of Local ELF-MFs on Sleepiness Induced in Male Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Elnaz Azizi ◽  
◽  
Fatemeh Ayoobi ◽  
Ali Shamsizadeh ◽  
Amir Moghadam-Ahmadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Level ◽  
Open Field ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Open Field Test ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Time Exposure ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Short Time

Introduction: Lack of high-quality sleep causes serious side effects like anxiety and changes in plasma concentration of oxalate. The current study aimed to investigate the impact of local extremely low frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MFs) on inducing sleep (sleepiness) and anxiety in male rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 40 male rats were allocated in four groups (n=10). The ELF-MFs exposure (0, 10 and 18 Hz) was applied with intensity 200µT for three days (10 min/day). Sham-treated animal did not receive ELF-MF. Serum level of oxalic acid (OA) and sleepiness were measured both before first and after last exposure to ELF-MF or sham. Anxiety, sleepiness and OA were measured by using elevated plus maze, open-field test (OFT) and ELISA test, respectively. Results: Comparison of oxalate levels between before and after exposure to ELF-MF revealed that ELF-MF (10 Hz) decreased the serum level of oxalate (p<0.05). Comparison of the percent of open:closed arm entry (in elevated plus maze) between before and after exposure to ELF-MF revealed significant differences. Also, frequency, velocity and distance moved were decreased in the open-field test. Conclusion: Results of the present study demonstrated that ELF-MF with short time exposure may modulate the metabolism of OA and may modulate anxiety-like behavior or kind of induction of sleepiness in male rats.

scholarly journals Dorsal Hippocampus ERK2 Signaling Mediates Anxiolytic-Related Behavior in Male Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 247054701989703
Author(s):  
Jorge A. Sierra-Fonseca ◽  
Lyonna F. Parise ◽  
Francisco J. Flores-Ramirez ◽  
Eden H. Robles ◽  
Israel Garcia-Carachure ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Open Field ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Open Field Test ◽  
Dorsal Hippocampus ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Extracellular Signal Regulated Kinase ◽  
Extracellular Signal ◽  
Plus Maze

Background Anxiety disorders are the most common neuropathologies worldwide, but the precise neuronal mechanisms that underlie these disorders remain unknown. The hippocampus plays a role in mediating anxiety-related responses, which can be modeled in rodents using behavioral assays, such as the elevated plus maze. Yet, the molecular markers that underlie affect-related behavior on the elevated plus maze are not well understood. Methods We used herpes simplex virus vector delivery to overexpress extracellular signal-regulated kinase-2, a signaling molecule known to be involved in depression and anxiety, within the dorsal hippocampus of adult Sprague-Dawley male rats. Three days post virus delivery, we assessed anxiety-like responses on the elevated plus maze or general locomotor activity on the open field test. Results When compared to controls, rats overexpressing extracellular signal-regulated kinase-2 in the dorsal hippocampus displayed an anxiolytic-like phenotype, per increases in time spent in the open arms, and less time in the closed arms, of the elevated plus maze. Furthermore, no changes in locomotor activity as a function of virus infusion were observed on the open field test between the experimental groups. Conclusion This investigation demonstrates that virus-mediated increases of extracellular signal-regulated kinase-2 signaling, within the hippocampus, plays a critical role in decreasing anxiogenic responses on the rat elevated plus maze. As such, our data provide construct validity, at least in part, to the molecular mechanisms that mediate anxiolytic-like behavior in rodent models for the study of anxiety.

Sex differences in the elevated plus-maze test and large open field test in adult Wistar rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 204 ◽  
pp. 173168
Author(s):  
Parker Knight ◽  
Ranjithkumar Chellian ◽  
Ryann Wilson ◽  
Azin Behnood-Rod ◽  
Stefany Panunzio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Open Field ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Open Field Test ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze Test ◽  
Maze Test ◽  
Plus Maze

Progesterone withdrawal effects in the open field test can be predicted by elevated plus maze performance

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magnus Löfgren ◽  
Inga-Maj Johansson ◽  
Bengt Meyerson ◽  
Per Lundgren ◽  
Torbjörn Bäckström
Keyword(s):  
Open Field ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Open Field Test ◽  
Maze Performance ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Withdrawal Effects

Behavioral and neurochemical effects of alpha lipoic acid associated with omega-3 in tardive dyskinesia induced by chronic haloperidol in rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (7) ◽  
pp. 837-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dayane Pessoa de Araújo ◽  
Thaisa Gracielle Martins Camboim ◽  
Ana Patrícia Magalhães Silva ◽  
Caio da Fonseca Silva ◽  
Rebeca Canuto de Sousa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Tardive Dyskinesia ◽  
Open Field ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Lipoic Acid ◽  
Open Field Test ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Orofacial Dyskinesia ◽  
Chronic Use

Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is characterized by involuntary movements of the lower portion of the face being related to typical antipsychotic therapy. TD is associated with the oxidative imbalance in the basal ganglia. Lipoic acid (LA) and omega-3 (ω-3) are antioxidants acting as enzyme cofactors, regenerating antioxidant enzymes. This study aimed to investigate behavioral and neurochemical effects of supplementation with LA (100 mg/kg) and ω-3 (1 g/kg) in the treatment of TD induced by chronic use of haloperidol (HAL) (1 mg/kg) in rats. Wistar male rats were used, weighing between 180–200 g. The animals were treated chronically (31 days) with LA alone or associated with HAL or ω-3. Motor behavior was assessed by open-field test, the catalepsy test, and evaluation of orofacial dyskinesia. Oxidative stress was accessed by determination of lipid peroxidation and concentration of nitrite. LA and ω-3 alone or associated caused an improvement in motor performance by increasing locomotor activity in the open-field test and decreased the permanence time on the bar in the catalepsy test and decreased the orofacial dyskinesia. LA and ω-3 showed antioxidant effects, decreasing lipid peroxidation and nitrite levels. Thus, the use of LA associated with ω-3 reduced the extrapyramidal effects produced by chronic use of HAL.

scholarly journals Sedative-like effect of intraperitoneal GABA administration in the open field test

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 257-262
Author(s):  
Augusto Pascual Italo Gargiulo ◽  
Santiago Marquez Herrero ◽  
Esteban Romanowicz ◽  
Manuel Alejandro Guevara ◽  
Adriana Ines Landa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Field ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Open Field Test ◽  
Sedative Effect ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Alternative Possibilities ◽  
Gamma Amino Butyric Acid ◽  
Amino Butyric Acid ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The One

Gamma-Amino Butyric Acid (GABA) is the main inhibitor neurotransmitter of the Central Nervous System (CNS). Its peripheral administration has been matter of discussion. On the one hand, it has been reported that it does not cross the Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB), and, on the other hand, it has been associated with multiple therapeutic regimens and supplements by peripheral administration. The aim of the present study is to elucidate the possibility of a central sedative effect when administered peripherally. An experimental cohort of 90-day-old Holtzman male rats weighing 240-270 g was used. It was divided into 2 groups: saline-controls (n = 9) and GABA treated rats (12.5 mg/kg, n = 9). Both groups were intraperitoneally injected. The motor behavioral patterns displayed in the Opto Varimex (OVM) were studied. Vertical, horizontal, ambulatory and non-ambulatory movements and the number of movements were recorded in an automated way. Horizontal movements constitute the integration of ambulatory and non-ambulatory movements. Student t test was used comparing groups. In this experiment, there were non-significant downward trends in vertical, ambulatory, non-ambulatory and number of movements. Ambulatory and non-ambulatory tendencies acquired significance when treated together as horizontal movements (p < 0.05). We may conclude that peripheral administration of GABA produced a decrease of the horizontal movements in the open field test. It may be interpreted as a sedative effect, suggesting a passage of GABA through BBB, with central effects. However, there are several alternative possibilities to explain present findings. Other experiments will elucidate the implications or scope of the present findings.

scholarly journals Subconvulsive Dose of Kainic Acid Transiently Increases the Locomotor Activity of Adult Wistar Rats

2015 ◽  
pp. 263-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. RILJAK ◽  
D. MAREŠOVÁ ◽  
J. POKORNÝ ◽  
K. JANDOVÁ
Keyword(s):  
Open Field ◽  
Kainic Acid ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Open Field Test ◽  
Neuronal Degeneration ◽  
Neuronal Damage ◽  
Fluoro Jade B ◽  
Behavioral Parameters ◽  
Convulsive Seizures

Kainic acid (KA) is a potent neurotoxic substance valuable in research of temporal lobe epilepsy. We tested how subconvulsive dose of KA influences spontaneous behavior of adult Wistar rats. Animals were treated with 5 mg/kg of KA and tested in Laboras open field test for one hour in order to evaluate various behavioral parameters. Week after the KA treatment animals were tested again in Laboras open field test. Finally, rat’s brains were sliced and stained with Fluoro-Jade B to detect possible neuronal degeneration. Treatment with KA increased the time spent by locomotion (p<0.01), exploratory rearing (p<0.05) and animals traveled longer distance (p<0.01). These parameters tended to increase thirty minutes after KA administration. Week after the treatment we did not found differences in any measured behavioral parameter. Histology in terms of Fluoro-Jade B staining did not reveal any obvious neuronal damage in hippocampus. These results demonstrate that subconvulsive KA dose changes the behavioral parameters only transiently. Clarification of timing of the KA induced changes may contribute to understand mutual relationship between non-convulsive seizures and behavioral/cognitive consequences.

scholarly journals Experimental Evaluation of Vitamin - D Supplementation on Memory and Learning Using Different Animal Models in Albino Rat

2020 ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
Namrata Rajendra Pawar ◽  
Yogita Surendra Karandikar ◽  
Uma Anand Bhosale ◽  
Prachi Doiphode
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Open Field ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Experimental Evaluation ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Open Field Test ◽  
Reference Memory ◽  
Radial Arm Maze ◽  
Albino Rat ◽  
Plus Maze

Aim: We conducted this study with the aim to investigate the effect of vitamin D3 on spatial learning and memory in healthy young albino rat. Study Design: Experimental evaluation. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pharmacology, Smt. Kashibai Navale Medical College and General Hospital (SKNMCGH), Pune, between October 2019 to February 2020. Methodology: All the pharmacological experiments were conducted using Wistar albino rats (n=6), weighing between 100 g – 150 g. Total 18 animals (9 male and 9 female) were screened and marked into 3 different groups (6 in each group) Control (Normal saline 10 ml/kg), Vitamin D (Cholecalciferol 1000 IU/kg) and standard (Piracetam 200 mg/kg). Drugs were administered per os for 21 days. Elevated Plus Maze (Transfer Latency), Open Field Test (Rearing, Locomotion), Radial Arm Maze (Working and Reference memory) were used as amnesic models and their parameters for evaluation of this study. Results: After 21 days of treatment among all the three groups, Transfer Latency (p=9.55) in elevated plus maze, Working memory (p=0.454) and Reference memory (p=0.929) observed in radial 8 arm maze were non significant. In open field apparatus pellets count was significant (0.010), rest all parameters were non significant. Conclusion: The result of study suggests that no significant beneficial effect of Vitamin D was seen on various learning models as assessed by Elevated Plus Maze, Radial Arm Maze, Open Field Test.

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