scholarly journals Effect of Film-Forming Polymers on Release of Naftifine Hydrochloride from Nail Lacquers

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indrė Šveikauskaitė ◽  
Vitalis Briedis
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Cellulose ◽  
Topical Therapy ◽  
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Nail Lacquer ◽  
Film Forming ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Transungual Delivery ◽  
Further Development

The successful topical therapy of onychomycosis depends on effective drug release and penetration into nail, which can be achieved by using an adequately developed delivery system. This study evaluated and compared effect of film-forming polymers Eudragit RL100, Eudragit RS100, and ethyl cellulose on naftifine hydrochloride release from experimental nail lacquer formulations. Quality of formulations was evaluated by determining drying time and water resistance. Interactions between active pharmaceutical ingredient and excipients were investigated using microcalorimetry and FT-IR. Optimization of nail lacquer formulations was performed by naftifine hydrochloride release testing. Release of naftifine hydrochloride increased with increasing concentration of Eudragit RL100. Plasticizer triacetin affected the release of naftifine hydrochloride, when Eudragit RS100 polymer was used. Ethyl cellulose polymer was determined to be not applicable for naftifine hydrochloride nail lacquer formulations. Two compositions of nail lacquers were optimized and could be used in further development of transungual delivery systems.

Novel Polypseudorotaxanes Hydrogel based Nail Lacquer of Efinaconazole for Transungual Drug Delivery

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohan Aggarwal ◽  
Monika Targhotra ◽  
Bhumika Kumar ◽  
P. K. Sahoo ◽  
Meenakshi K. Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Nail Plate ◽  
Penetration Enhancer ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Poloxamer 407 ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Nail Lacquer ◽  
Transungual Delivery

Aim: Due to the various drawbacks associated with current treatment therapy of onychomycosis, the main aim was to develop thermosensitive hydrogels and thermosensitive polypseudorotaxanes hydrogels-based nail lacquer for transungual delivery of Efinaconazole for management of onychomycosis. The objective is to enhance the permeation and retention of the drug in the nails and improve patient compliance. Method: Poloxamer 407 and Hydroxy Propyl -β- cyclodextrin was used to prepare the nail lacquers. 2-mercaptoethanol was added as a penetration enhancer to improve the penetration of the drug across the nail plate. The formulations were optimized by varying the concentration of poloxamer and water:ethanol ratio and evaluated based on basis of drying time, sol-gel transition temperature, ex vivo drug release and viscosity. The optimized formulation was further evaluated for pH, water resistance, non-volatile content, drug content, blush test, spreadability, and stability studies. Results: The increase in ethanol concentration, reduction in poloxamer proportion lead to reduction in lacquer stickiness thus, improving the lacquer drying time and penetration. The polypseudorotaxanes improved the permeation profile of the drug in comparison to the marketed nail lacquer. The presence of 2-mercaptoethanol also contributed in transungual delivery of Efinaconazole. Conclusion:: The polypseudorotaxanes based nail lacquer with the incorporation of penetration enhancer was able to achieve a high rate of drug penetration and retention, thus supporting the potential use of aqueous based-nail lacquer in transungual drug delivery for the onychomycosis treatment.

scholarly journals USE OF PHYSIOTHERAPEUTIC METHODS AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF REHABILITATION OF THE CHILDREN SUFFERING FROM ATOPIC DERMATITIS

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 182-185
Author(s):  
T. V Koroleva ◽  
N. N Murashkin ◽  
K. V Kotenko
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Topical Therapy ◽  
Adaptive Potential ◽  
General Health Status ◽  
Electrical Therapy ◽  
Extensive Introduction ◽  
Magnetic Laser Therapy ◽  
Somatic Diseases ◽  
Further Development

Atopic dermatitis remains a serious medical and social problem, especially in adolescents. The further development of rehabilitative and physiotherapeutic modalities and their extensive introduction into the clinical practice during the periods of remission make it possible to reduce to a minimum the duration of the oral and topical therapy and thereby to decrease the risk of adverse side effects, improve the quality of life of the patients suffering from atopic dermatitis, and prolong the inter-recurrence periods. The present study included 44 children at the age 15-18 years suffering from atopic dermatitis of mean duration 14.1 ± 1.5 years. They remained under the observation for 48 weeks. The frequency of exacerbations in most of these children (81.8%) was estimated at 4.7 ± 0.8 times a year, with the majority of acute episodes falling on the cold seasons. In 84.1% of the children, the loading coefficient for concomitant somatic diseases was 2.9. All the children received the comprehensive pharmacotherapy and physiotherapeutic treatment in the period of the last exacerbation including transcerebral pulsed electrical therapy, magnetic laser therapy and/or their combination. The study has demonstrated that the use of methods mentioned above during the period of remission in children with atopic dermatitis increased the adaptive potential of the organism, strengthened the general health status of the patients, contributed to the reduction in the frequency and severity of exacerbations of the pathological processes affecting the skin.

scholarly journals Characterization and Anti-aging Tests of Peel-Off Gel Masks Made from Ethanolic Extract of Yarrow (Achillea millefolium)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (A) ◽  
pp. 1591-1595
Author(s):  
Syamsuri Syakri ◽  
Isriany Ismail ◽  
Nurul Muamanah Amal ◽  
Nur Asma Masjidi ◽  
Karlina Amir Tahir
Keyword(s):  
Skin Irritation ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Achillea Millefolium ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Free Radical Damage ◽  
Film Forming ◽  
Aging Properties ◽  
Radical Damage

  BACKGROUND: Yarrow extract (Achillea millefolium) is recognized to have powerful antioxidants that protect the skin from free radical damage, skin whitening, and anti-aging properties. As a result, the application of antioxidants on the skin can be packaged into a peel-off gel mask preparation for face skin care. AIM: The goal of this study is to see how different concentrations of PVA and HPMC as film-forming and gelling agents affect the quality of peel-off gel masks made from ethanol extract of yarrow (Achillea millefolium) as an antiaging ingredient. METHODS: In order to obtain 5 formulas that will be made into preparations and evaluate the quality of the preparations, this research method uses quantitative analysis methods and statistical analysis using One Way ANOVA by varying the concentrations of PVA (7-10%) and HPMC (2-4%) in order to obtain 5 formulas that will be made into preparations and evaluated the quality of the preparations. Organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, syneresis, skin irritation, viscosity, spreadability, and drying time of the mask were all evaluated. RESULT: The results of the experiment with different concentrations of PVA and HPMC enhanced dispersion and drying time, but had no effect on the viscosity value decrease. CONCLUCION: The quality of the peel off gel mask prepared from the ethanol extract of Yarrow was significantly affected by PVA and HPMC concentrations (p<0.05).    

Cognitive Health Counseling 40+

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Eschen ◽  
Franzisca Zehnder ◽  
Mike Martin
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Pilot Phase ◽  
Subjective Memory ◽  
Cognitive Health ◽  
Health Counseling ◽  
Agents Of Change ◽  
Main Outcome Variable ◽  
Further Development

This article introduces Cognitive Health Counseling 40+ (CH.CO40+), an individualized intervention that is conceptually based on the orchestration model of quality-of-life management ( Martin & Kliegel, 2010 ) and aims at improving satisfaction with cognitive health in adults aged 40 years and older. We describe the theoretically deduced characteristics of CH.CO40+, its target group, its multifactorial nature, its individualization, the application of subjective and objective measures, the role of participants as agents of change, and the rationale for choosing participants’ satisfaction with their cognitive health as main outcome variable. A pilot phase with 15 middle-aged and six older adults suggests that CH.CO40+ attracts, and may be particularly suitable for, subjective memory complainers. Implications of the pilot data for the further development of the intervention are discussed.

scholarly journals Optimization of the Production Process and Product Quality of Titanate Nanotube–Drug Composites

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasmin Ranjous ◽  
Géza Regdon ◽  
Klára Pintye-Hódi ◽  
Tamás Varga ◽  
Imre Szenti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Good Solubility ◽  
Composite Formation ◽  
Alternative Materials ◽  
High Volatility ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Fast Disintegrating Tablets ◽  
As Solubility ◽  
Properties Of Composites

Recently, there has been an increasing interest in the application of nanotubular structures for drug delivery. There are several promising results with carbon nanotubes; however, in light of some toxicity issues, the search for alternative materials has come into focus. The objective of the present study was to investigate the influence of the applied solvent on the composite formation of titanate nanotubes (TNTs) with various drugs in order to improve their pharmacokinetics, such as solubility, stability, and bioavailability. Composites were formed by the dissolution of atenolol (ATN) and hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) in ethanol, methanol, 0.01 M hydrochloric acid or in ethanol, 1M sodium hydroxide, dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), respectively, and then they were mixed with a suspension of TNTs under sonication for 30 min and vacuum-dried for 24 h. The structural properties of composites were characterized by SEM, TEM, FT-IR, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric (TG) analysis, and optical contact angle (OCA) measurements. Drug release was determined from the fast disintegrating tablets using a dissolution tester coupled with a UV–Vis spectrometer. The results revealed that not only the good solubility of the drug in the applied solvent, but also the high volatility of the solvent, is necessary for an optimal composite-formation process.

scholarly journals Hospital chaplains as ethical consultants in making difficult medical decisions

2021 ◽  
pp. medethics-2020-107096
Author(s):  
Waldemar Głusiec
Keyword(s):  
Roman Catholic ◽  
Medical Decision ◽  
Medical Decisions ◽  
Hospital Chaplains ◽  
Specialist Knowledge ◽  
Hospital Ethics ◽  
Bioethical Education ◽  
Further Development

Background and aimsFew Polish hospitals have Hospital Ethics Committee (HECs) and the services are not always adequate. In this situation, the role of HECs, in providing, among others, ethical advice on the discontinuation of persistent therapies, may be taken over by other entities. The aim of our research was to investigate, how often and on what issues hospital chaplains are asked for ethical advice in reaching difficult medical decisions.MethodsA survey of 100 Roman Catholic chaplains was conducted, that is, at least 10% of all chaplains currently working in Polish hospitals.ResultsOf the participants, 29% confirmed receiving requests for advice in making a morally difficult medical decision. Receiving this type of request was not conditional on the place of their service, duration of their pastoral mission or HEC membership. The largest group of chaplains (21%) encounter questions concerning the ethical dilemmas associated with discontinuing persistent therapy. Patients and their families most often raise issues related to the methods of birth control, and the medical staff raise the issue of termination of pregnancy—as reported by 9% and 15% of chaplains, respectively. Most of the chaplains asked for help (79%) experience a deficit of specialist knowledge in the area of medicine or ethics.ConclusionsIn order to improve the quality of ethical consultations in Polish hospitals, in addition to further development of HECs, it is postulated to develop a system for bioethical education of chaplains.

scholarly journals A Methodology Based on FT-IR Data Combined with Random Forest Model to Generate Spectralprints for the Characterization of High-Quality Vinegars

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1411
Author(s):  
José Luis P. Calle ◽  
Marta Ferreiro-González ◽  
Ana Ruiz-Rodríguez ◽  
Gerardo F. Barbero ◽  
José Á. Álvarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Random Forest ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Protected Designation Of Origin ◽  
Ft Ir

Sherry wine vinegar is a Spanish gourmet product under Protected Designation of Origin (PDO). Before a vinegar can be labeled as Sherry vinegar, the product must meet certain requirements as established by its PDO, which, in this case, means that it has been produced following the traditional solera and criadera ageing system. The quality of the vinegar is determined by many factors such as the raw material, the acetification process or the aging system. For this reason, mainly producers, but also consumers, would benefit from the employment of effective analytical tools that allow precisely determining the origin and quality of vinegar. In the present study, a total of 48 Sherry vinegar samples manufactured from three different starting wines (Palomino Fino, Moscatel, and Pedro Ximénez wine) were analyzed by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The spectroscopic data were combined with unsupervised exploratory techniques such as hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA), as well as other nonparametric supervised techniques, namely, support vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF), for the characterization of the samples. The HCA and PCA results present a clear grouping trend of the vinegar samples according to their raw materials. SVM in combination with leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) successfully classified 100% of the samples, according to the type of wine used for their production. The RF method allowed selecting the most important variables to develop the characteristic fingerprint (“spectralprint”) of the vinegar samples according to their starting wine. Furthermore, the RF model reached 100% accuracy for both LOOCV and out-of-bag (OOB) sets.

scholarly journals Polishing the Therapy of Onychomycosis Induced by Candida spp.: Amphotericin B–Loaded Nail Lacquer

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 784
Author(s):  
Aleph M. S. Souza ◽  
Renato C. A. Ribeiro ◽  
Gleyse K. L. O. Pinheiro ◽  
Francisco I. Pinheiro ◽  
Wógenes N. Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Drug Bioavailability ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Analytical Method Validation ◽  
Nail Lacquer ◽  
In Vitro Adhesion

Onychomycosis induced by Candida spp. has several limitations regarding its treatment. Nail lacquers display the potential to overcome these drawbacks by providing therapeutic compliance and increasing local drug bioavailability. Thus, this work aimed to produce a nail lacquer loaded with Amphotericin B (AmB) and evaluate its performance. The AmB-loaded nail lacquer was produced and preliminarily characterized. An AmB quantification method was developed. Stability, drug release, permeability and anti-Candida activity assays were conducted. The analytical method validation met the acceptance criteria. The drug loading efficiency was 100% (0.02 mg/g of total product), whereas the AmB stability was limited to ≅ 7 days (≅ 90% remaining). The nail lacquer displayed a drying time of 187 s, non-volatile content of around 20%w/w, water-resistance of approximately 2%w/w of weight loss and satisfactory in vitro adhesion. Moreover, the in vitro antifungal activity against different Candida spp. strains was confirmed. The AmB release and the ex vivo permeability studies revealed that AmB leaves the lacquer and permeates the nail matrix in 47.76 ± 0.07% over 24 h. In conclusion, AmB-loaded nail lacquer shows itself as a promising extemporaneous dosage form with remarkable anti-Candida activity related to onychomycosis.

scholarly journals Film-Forming Systems for the Delivery of DNDI-0690 to Treat Cutaneous Leishmaniasis

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 516
Author(s):  
Katrien Van Bocxlaer ◽  
Kerri-Nicola McArthur ◽  
Andy Harris ◽  
Mo Alavijeh ◽  
Stéphanie Braillard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Mouse Skin ◽  
Parasite Load ◽  
Leishmania Species ◽  
Lesion Size ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Sustained Drug Delivery ◽  
Film Forming ◽  
The Impact

In cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), parasites reside in the dermis, creating an opportunity for local drug administration potentially reducing adverse effects and improving treatment adherence compared to current therapies. Polymeric film-forming systems (FFSs) are directly applied to the skin and form a thin film as the solvent evaporates. In contrast to conventional topical dosage forms, FFSs strongly adhere to the skin, favouring sustained drug delivery to the affected site, reducing the need for frequent applications, and enhancing patient compliance. This study reports the first investigation of the use of film-forming systems for the delivery of DNDI-0690, a nitroimidazole compound with potent activity against CL-causing Leishmania species. A total of seven polymers with or without plasticiser were evaluated for drying time, stickiness, film-flexibility, and cosmetic attributes; three FFSs yielded a positive evaluation for all test parameters. The impact of each of these FFSs on the permeation of the model skin permeant hydrocortisone (hydrocortisone, 1% (w/v) across the Strat-M membrane was evaluated, and the formulations resulting in the highest and lowest permeation flux (Klucel LF with triethyl citrate and Eudragit RS with dibutyl sebacate, respectively) were selected as the FFS vehicle for DNDI-0690. The release and skin distribution of the drug upon application to Leishmania-infected and uninfected BALB/c mouse skin were examined using Franz diffusion cells followed by an evaluation of the efficacy of both DNDI-0690 FFSs (1% (w/v)) in an experimental CL model. Whereas the Eudragit film resulted in a higher permeation of DNDI-0690, the Klucel film was able to deposit four times more drug into the skin, where the parasite resides. Of the FFSs formulations, only the Eudragit system resulted in a reduced parasite load, but not reduced lesion size, when compared to the vehicle only control. Whereas drug delivery into the skin was successfully modulated using different FFS systems, the FFS systems selected were not effective for the topical application of DNDI-0690. The convenience and aesthetic of FFS systems alongside their ability to modulate drug delivery to and into the skin merit further investigation using other promising antileishmanial drugs.

scholarly journals The Quality of Red Bell Pepper Subjected to Freeze-Drying Preceded by Traditional and Novel Pretreatment

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 226
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Rybak ◽  
Artur Wiktor ◽  
Dorota Witrowa-Rajchert ◽  
Oleksii Parniakov ◽  
Małgorzata Nowacka
Keyword(s):  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Bell Pepper ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Thermal Methods ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Dehydration Processes ◽  
Vacuum Freezing ◽  
Better Than

It has been demonstrated previously in the literature that utilization of PEF or a combination of a pulsed electric field (PEF) and ultrasounds (US) can facilitate dehydration processes and improve the quality of dried products even better than the application of thermal methods such as blanching. The aim of the study was to evaluate the quality of red bell pepper subjected to freeze-drying preceded by blanching or PEF or US treatment applied in a single and combined mode. Furthermore, the freeze-drying was preceded by shock freezing or vacuum freezing performed inside the freeze-dryer as a result of pressure drop during the first stage of freeze-drying. All of the analyzed technological variants enhanced the drying kinetics when compared to the intact material. Freeze-dried bell pepper subjected to non-thermal pretreatment exhibited higher vitamin C, total phenolic and carotenoids content than blanched material despite the fact that blanching reduced drying time the most compared to all other analyzed methods.

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