scholarly journals Immunoinformatics Approach for Multiepitopes Vaccine Prediction against Glycoprotein B of Avian Infectious Laryngotracheitis Virus

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumaia A. Ali ◽  
Yassir A. Almofti ◽  
Khoubieb A. Abd-elrahman
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Glycoprotein B ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Infectious Laryngotracheitis Virus ◽  
B Cell Epitopes ◽  
Mhc Ii ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Infectious Laryngotracheitis ◽  
Laryngotracheitis Virus

Infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) is a gallid herpesvirus type 1, a member of the genus Iltovirus. It causes an infection in the upper respiratory tract mainly trachea which results in significant economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. Vaccination against ILTV produced latent infected carriers’ birds, which become a source of virus transmission to nonvaccinated flocks. Thus this study aimed to design safe multiepitopes vaccine against glycoprotein B of ILT virus using immunoinformatic tools. Forty-four sequences of complete envelope glycoprotein B were retrieved from GenBank of National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) and aligned for conservancy by multiple sequence alignment (MSA). Immune Epitope Database (IEDB) analysis resources were used to predict and analyze candidate epitopes that could act as a promising peptide vaccine. For B cell epitopes, thirty-one linear epitopes were predicted using Bepipred. However eight epitopes were found to be on both surface and antigenic epitopes using Emini surface accessibility and antigenicity, respectively. Three epitopes (190KKLP193, 386YSSTHVRS393, and 317KESV320) were proposed as B cell epitopes. For T cells several epitopes were interacted with MHC class I with high affinity and specificity, but the best recognized epitopes were 118YVFNVTLYY126, 335VSYKNSYHF343, and 622YLLYEDYTF630. MHC-II binding epitopes, 301FLTDEQFTI309,277FLEIANYQV285, and 743IASFLSNPF751, were proposed as promising epitopes due to their high affinity for MHC-II molecules. Moreover the docked ligand epitopes from MHC-1 molecule exhibited high binding affinity with the receptors; BF chicken alleles (BF2 2101 and 0401) expressed by the lower global energy of the molecules. In this study nine epitopes were predicted as promising vaccine candidate against ILTV. In vivo and in vitro studies are required to support the effectiveness of these predicted epitopes as a multipeptide vaccine through clinical trials.

scholarly journals Infectious Laryngotracheitis Virus Viral Chemokine-Binding Protein Glycoprotein G Alters Transcription of Key Inflammatory Mediators In Vitro and In Vivo

2017 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio J. C. Coppo ◽  
Joanne M. Devlin ◽  
Alistair R. Legione ◽  
Paola K. Vaz ◽  
Sang-Won Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Infectious Laryngotracheitis Virus ◽  
Glycoprotein G ◽  
Infectious Laryngotracheitis ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Laryngotracheitis Virus

ABSTRACTInfectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) is an alphaherpesvirus that infects chickens, causing upper respiratory tract disease and significant losses to poultry industries worldwide. Glycoprotein G (gG) is a broad-range viral chemokine-binding protein conserved among most alphaherpesviruses, including ILTV. A number of studies comparing the immunological parameters between infection with gG-expressing and gG-deficient ILTV strains have demonstrated that expression of gG is associated with increased virulence, modification of the amount and the composition of the inflammatory response, and modulation of the immune responses toward antibody production and away from cell-mediated immune responses. The aims of the current study were to examine the establishment of infection and inflammation by ILTV and determine how gG influences that response to infection.In vitroinfection studies using tracheal organ tissue specimen cultures and blood-derived monocytes andin vivoinfection studies in specific-pathogen-free chickens showed that leukocyte recruitment to the site of infection is an important component of the induced pathology and that this is influenced by the expression of ILTV gG and changes in the transcription of the chicken orthologues of mammalian CXC chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8), chicken CXCLi1 and chicken CXCLi2, among other cytokines and chemokines. The results from this study demonstrate that ILTV gG interferes with chemokine and cytokine transcription at different steps of the inflammatory cascade, thus altering inflammation, virulence, and the balance of the immune response to infection.IMPORTANCEInfectious laryngotracheitis virus is an alphaherpesvirus that expresses gG, a conserved broad-range viral chemokine-binding protein known to interfere with host immune responses. However, little is known about how gG modifies virulence and influences the inflammatory signaling cascade associated with infection. Here, data fromin vitroandin vivoinfection studies are presented. These data show that gG has a direct impact on the transcription of cytokines and chemokine ligandsin vitro(such as chicken CXCL8 orthologues, among others), which explains the altered balance of the inflammatory response that is associated with gG during ILTV infection of the upper respiratory tract of chickens. This is the first report to associate gG with the dysregulation of cytokine transcription at different stages of the inflammatory cascade triggered by ILTV infection of the natural host.

Nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding infectious laryngotracheitis virus glycoprotein B

Virology ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 184 (1) ◽  
pp. 404-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kritaya Kongsuwan ◽  
C.T. Prideaux ◽  
M.A. Johnson ◽  
M. Sheppard ◽  
K.J. Fahey
Keyword(s):  
Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Glycoprotein B ◽  
Infectious Laryngotracheitis Virus ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Virus Glycoprotein ◽  
Infectious Laryngotracheitis ◽  
Laryngotracheitis Virus

scholarly journals Detection of Laryngotracheitis Virus in Poultry Flocks with Respiratory Disorders in Slovenia

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 707
Author(s):  
Olga Zorman Rojs ◽  
Alenka Dovč ◽  
Uroš Krapež ◽  
Zoran Žlabravec ◽  
Joško Račnik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Losses ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Severe Condition ◽  
Live Virus ◽  
Respiratory Disorders ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis ◽  
Infectious Laryngotracheitis ◽  
Laryngotracheitis Virus ◽  
Ornithobacterium Rhinotracheale

Infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) is an acute, highly contagious infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract in chickens and other poultry species that causes significant economic losses in countries worldwide. Between 2017 and 2019, seven outbreaks of mild to severe respiratory disorders with high suspicion of ILT occurred in commercial and backyard poultry flocks in Slovenia. In all submissions, infection with ILT virus (ILTV) was confirmed by PCR, which is the first report of ILT in Slovenia. Circulating ILT strains were characterized by the sequence and phylogenetic analysis of two fragments of the ICP4 gene. Four strains—three detected in non-vaccinated flocks and one in a flock vaccinated against ILT—were identical or very similar to the chicken embryo–origin live virus vaccines, and the other three were closely related to Russian, Chinese, Australian, and American field strains and to tissue culture origin vaccine strains. As in other diseases, coinfections with other respiratory pathogens in confirmed ILT cases may cause a more severe condition and prolong the course of the disease. In our study, coinfections with Mycoplasma synoviae (7/7 tested flocks), infectious bronchitis virus (5/5 tested flocks), Mycoplasma gallisepticum (4/7 tested flocks), Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (3/4 tested flocks), and avian pox virus (1/2 tested flocks) were confirmed, indicating the importance of these pathogens in the occurrence of ILT infections.

Interleukin-18-mediated enhancement of the protective effect of an infectious laryngotracheitis virus glycoprotein B plasmid DNA vaccine in chickens

2011 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong-Ying Chen ◽  
Hong-Ying Zhang ◽  
Xin-Sheng Li ◽  
Bao-An Cui ◽  
Shu-Juan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Vaccine ◽  
Plasmid Dna ◽  
Glycoprotein B ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Interleukin 18 ◽  
T Helper 1 ◽  
Infectious Laryngotracheitis Virus ◽  
Plasmid Dna Vaccine ◽  
Infectious Laryngotracheitis ◽  
Laryngotracheitis Virus

The immunogenicity of an infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) glycoprotein B (gB) plasmid DNA vaccine and the immunoregulatory activity of chicken interleukin-18 (IL-18) were investigated in a challenge model. Two recombinant plasmids, pcDNA3.1/gB (pgB) and pcDNA3.1/IL-18 (pIL-18), containing gB and IL-18 were constructed. Chickens were intramuscularly administered two immunizations 2 weeks apart, and challenged with the virulent CG strain of ILTV 2 weeks later. All animals vaccinated with pgB alone or with a combination of pgB plus pIL-18 developed a specific anti-ILTV ELISA antibody and splenocyte proliferation response. The ratios of CD4+ to CD8+ T lymphocytes in chickens immunized with pgB plus pIL-18 were significantly higher than in those immunized with pgB alone. Co-injection of pIL-18 significantly increased the production of gamma interferon and IL-2, indicating that IL-18 enhances the T helper 1-dominant immune response. Challenge experiments showed that the morbidity rate in the pgB group (25 %) was significantly higher than that in the pgB plus pIL-18 group (10 %). The mortality rates in the pgB and pgB plus pIL-18 groups were 10 and 0 %, respectively, and the corresponding protection rates were 60 and 80 %. These results indicate that IL-18 may be an effective adjuvant for an ILTV vaccine.

scholarly journals Molecular detection and genetic characterization of infectious laryngotracheitis virus in poultry in Myanmar

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyuan Yang ◽  
Shiro Murata ◽  
Sotaro Fujisawa ◽  
Masaki Takehara ◽  
Ken Katakura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Cell Protein ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Infectious Laryngotracheitis Virus ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
Infectious Laryngotracheitis ◽  
Laryngotracheitis Virus

Abstract Background Avian infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) is a highly contagious viral disease that causes severe economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide. In Southeast Asian countries, including Myanmar, poultry farming is a major industry. Although it is known that infectious respiratory pathogens, including infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV), are a major threat to poultry farms, there are no data currently available on the epidemiology of ILTV in Myanmar. Therefore, in this study, we conducted a molecular detection of ILTV in 20 poultry farms in Myanmar. Results Of the 57 tested oropharyngeal swabs, 10 were positive for ILTV by polymerase chain reaction of a 647 bp region of the thymidine kinase (TK) gene, giving a prevalence of ILTV of 17.5% (10/57). Further sequencing analysis of infected cell protein 4 (ICP4) gene and glycoprotein B, G, and J (gB, gG, and gJ) genes indicated that these isolates were field strains. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the Myanmar strains clustered together in a single branch and were closely related to other reference strains isolated from Asian countries. Conclusions This study demonstrated the presence of ILTV in poultry farms in Myanmar. The genetic characterization analysis performed provides the fundamental data for epidemiological studies that monitor circulating strains of ILTV in Myanmar.

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