scholarly journals Family-Centered Social Cognitive Factors Preventing Primary Tooth Caries in Children Based on Intervention Mapping Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Bahareh Kabiri ◽  
Ali Reza Hidarnia ◽  
Mehdi Mirzaei Alavijeh ◽  
Mohammad Esmaeel Motlagh ◽  
Ali Montazeri
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Intervention Mapping ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Primary Tooth ◽  
Intervention Mapping Protocol ◽  
Family Centered

Background. Given the increasing prevalence of primary tooth caries in Iran and the importance of providing evidence- and theory-based family-centered prevention programs, the present study is aimed at determining the family-centered social cognitive factors preventing deciduous tooth caries among children using the intervention mapping protocol. Methods. This cross-sectional study was performed on 240 Iranian mothers in Ilam who were randomly selected to participate in the study. The data were collected using a self-designed questionnaire including items on demographic information and social cognitive constructs (knowledge, attitude, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, practice guidance, perceived self-efficacy, behavior intention, subjective norms, and social norms). The questionnaire was completed by mothers, and the data were analyzed by performing one-way analysis of variance and linear regression. Results. The results obtained from linear regression analysis showed that perceived self-efficacy ( B = 0.295 , p < 0.001 ), perceived barriers ( B = 0.084 , p < 0.028 ), practice guidance ( B = 0.774 , p < 0.001 ), and social norms ( B = 0.137 , p < 0.020 ) accounted for 71% of the behavioral intention variance and were the most important predictors for preventing primary tooth caries among children. Conclusion. The findings suggest that perceived self-efficacy, perceived barriers, practice guidance, and social norms are essential for developing family-centered programs to prevent primary tooth caries in children.

scholarly journals Social Cognitive Mediators of Sociodemographic Differences in Colorectal Cancer Screening Uptake

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siu Hing Lo ◽  
Jo Waller ◽  
Charlotte Vrinten ◽  
Lindsay Kobayashi ◽  
Christian von Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Screening Uptake ◽  
Sociodemographic Differences

Background. This study examined if and how sociodemographic differences in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening uptake can be explained by social cognitive factors.Methods. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with individuals aged 60–70 years (n=1309) living in England as part of a population-based omnibus survey.Results. There were differences in screening uptake by SES, marital status, ethnicity, and age but not by gender. Perceived barriers (stand.b=-0.40,p<0.001), social norms (stand.b=0.33,p<0.001), and screening knowledge (stand.b=0.17,p<0.001) had independent associations with uptake. SES differences in uptake were mediated through knowledge, social norms, and perceived barriers. Ethnic differences were mediated through knowledge. Differences in uptake by marital status were primarily mediated through social norms and to a lesser extent through knowledge. Age differences were largely unmediated, except for a small mediated effect via social norms.Conclusions. Sociodemographic differences in CRC screening uptake were largely mediated through social cognitive factors.Impact. Our findings suggest that multifaceted interventions might be needed to reduce socioeconomic inequalities. Ethnic differences might be reduced through improved screening knowledge. Normative interventions could emphasise screening as an activity endorsed by important others outside the immediate family to appeal to a wider audience.

scholarly journals Does Self-Efficacy Mediate the Relationships Between Social-Cognitive Factors and Intentions to Receive HPV Vaccination Among Young Women?

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 708-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon M. Christy ◽  
Joseph G. Winger ◽  
Catherine E. Mosher
Keyword(s):  
College Women ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Health Behavior Change ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Cognitive Factors

Drawing upon health behavior change theories, the current study examined whether self-efficacy mediated relationships between social-cognitive factors (i.e., perceived risk, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, perceived severity, and cue to action) and human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination intentions among college women. Unvaccinated women ( N = 115) aged 18 to 25 years attending a Midwestern university completed an anonymous web-based survey assessing study variables. Correlational analyses and mediation analyses were conducted. Self-efficacy mediated relationships between two social-cognitive factors (i.e., perceived barriers to HPV vaccination—indirect effect = −.16, SE = .06, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [−.31, −.06]—and perceived risk of HPV-related conditions—indirect effect = .16, SE = .09, 95% CI = [.01, .37]) and HPV vaccination intentions but was unrelated to the other three social-cognitive factors. Based on these findings, future research should test whether increasing self-efficacy through education on risk of HPV-related conditions and reducing barriers to HPV vaccination improves vaccine uptake in college women.

scholarly journals To sext or not to sext. The role of social-cognitive processes in the decision to engage in sexting

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1410-1429
Author(s):  
Claire Wilson ◽  
Tommy van Steen ◽  
Christabel Akinyode ◽  
Zara P. Brodie ◽  
Graham G. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Relationship Status ◽  
Injunctive Norm ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Insight Into

Technology has given rise to online behaviors such as sexting. It is important that we examine predictors of such behavior in order to understand who is more likely to sext and thus inform intervention aimed at sexting awareness. We used the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to examine sexting beliefs and behavior. Participants (n = 418; 70.3% women) completed questionnaires assessing attitudes (instrumental and affective), subjective norms (injunctive and descriptive), control perceptions (self-efficacy and controllability) and intentions toward sexting. Specific sexting beliefs (fun/carefree beliefs, perceived risks and relational expectations) were also measured and sexting behavior reported. Relationship status, instrumental attitude, injunctive norm, descriptive norm and self-efficacy were associated with sexting intentions. Relationship status, intentions and self-efficacy related to sexting behavior. Results provide insight into the social-cognitive factors related to individuals’ sexting behavior and bring us closer to understanding what beliefs predict the behavior.

scholarly journals Predicting and Influencing Voice Therapy Adherence Using Social–Cognitive Factors and Mobile Video

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva van Leer ◽  
Nadine P. Connor
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Alliance ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Patient Adherence ◽  
Goal Commitment ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Voice Therapy ◽  
Adherence Behavior ◽  
Treatment Onset

PurposePatient adherence to voice therapy is an established challenge. The purpose of this study was (a) to examine whether adherence to treatment could be predicted from three social–cognitive factors measured at treatment onset: self-efficacy, goal commitment, and the therapeutic alliance, and (b) to test whether the provision of clinician, self-, and peer model mobile treatment videos on MP4 players would influence the same triad of social cognitive factors and the adherence behavior of patients.MethodForty adults with adducted hyperfunction with and without benign lesions were prospectively randomized to either 4 sessions of voice therapy enhanced by MP4 support or without MP4 support. Adherence between sessions was assessed through self-report. Social cognitive factors and voice outcomes were assessed at the beginning and end of therapy. Utility of MP4 support was assessed via interviews.ResultsSelf-efficacy and the therapeutic alliance predicted a significant amount of adherence variance. MP4 support significantly increased generalization, self-efficacy for generalization, and the therapeutic alliance. An interaction effect demonstrated that MP4 support was particularly effective for patients who started therapy with poor self-efficacy for generalization.ConclusionAdherence may be predicted and influenced via social–cognitive means. Mobile technology can extend therapy to extraclinical settings.

scholarly journals Predicting Sexual Intention to Engage in Premarital Sex Among Late Adolescent in Kuantan Government Secondary Schools: An Application of Theory of Planned Behaviour

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah F ◽  
Draman S ◽  
Abd. Aziz KH ◽  
Zainuddin NA ◽  
Muhammad NA
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behaviour ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Premarital Sex ◽  
Late Adolescents ◽  
Planned Behaviour ◽  
Permissive Attitude ◽  
Sexual Intention

Introduction: Based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), sexual intention is determined by three main socio-cognitive factors which are permissive attitudes, social-norms and self-efficacy in performing premarital sexual activity. Premarital sex associated with increased risk of sexually transmitted diseases and detrimental social implications. The aim of this study was to explore the correlation of the socio-cognitive factors in predicting intention to engage in premarital sex amongst late adolescents in Kuantan government secondary schools. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 466 pre-university students aged 18-19 years from nine government secondary schools in Kuantan district. A self-administered validated Youth Sexual Intention Questionnaire (YSI-Q) was used. Statistical analyses were done using IBM SPSS version 22.0. Results: Permissive attitude (r=0.579, p<0.001), perception of social-norms (r=0.513, p<0.001) and perceived self-efficacy (r=0.253, p<0.001) were positively correlated with the sexual intention towards premarital sex. The higher the permissive attitude, social-norms and perceived self-efficacy, the higher the sexual intention score. There was a significant difference in the level of sexual intention between male (35.6%) and female (64.4%) with mean (SD) score of 10.54 (3.8) and 7.3 (2.9) respectively. Students with premarital sex experience (1.5%) showed significantly higher score in sexual intention than student without premarital sex experience (t=4.54, p<0.001). Conclusion: This study confirmed permissive attitude, perception of social-norms and perceived self-efficacy were positively correlated with sexual intention towards premarital sex among the late adolescents. Therefore, it is important to consider this TPB theoretical framework in designing sexual abstinence intervention to curb the unsafe sexual behaviour.

PERCEIVED BARRIERS TO ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF SELF-EFFICACY

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (03) ◽  
pp. 2050016
Author(s):  
EMRE ŞAHIN DÖLARSLAN ◽  
AKIN KOÇAK ◽  
PHILIP WALSH
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Deterrent Effect ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Intention Formation ◽  
The Relationship

Drawing from Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT), the purpose of the study is to enhance understanding of the intention formation mechanism within the context of perceived barriers and self-efficacy (SE). The current study assesses whether SE mediates the relationship between perceived barriers and entrepreneurial intention (EI). The study specifically analyzed the relationship among perceived barriers, SE and EI. In addition, the direct and indirect effects of perceived barriers on intention are examined. Based on a survey of 471 undergraduate students who have taken management courses, our findings suggest the SE level of potential entrepreneurs is not sufficient to determine the intention formation even if the decisive effect of SE on EI is found. Therefore, in contrast to earlier studies, the results obtained from this study reveal the necessity to take into account the deterrent effect of the perceived barriers to evaluating the effect of SE in the formation of EI.

scholarly journals Association between Social-Cognitive Factors and Sexual Intention towards Pre-Marital Sex Activity among School-Going Late Adolescents in Kuantan, Pahang

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fa'iza Abdullah ◽  
Nur Akmanidar Zainuddin ◽  
Samsul Draman ◽  
Nor Azlina A.Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Late Adolescent ◽  
Permissive Attitude ◽  
Increase Risk ◽  
Unit Increase ◽  
Sexual Intention ◽  
Marital Sex

Introduction: The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) is determined by four main domains of social-cognitive factors; attitudes, social-norms, self-efficacy and sexual intention. This study aim to identify the socio-demographic and socio-cognitive factors associated with sexual intention towards premarital sex among school-going late adolescent. Materials and method:  Cross-sectional study was conducted in nine government secondary schools in Kuantan district between January-July 2018. A total of 466 self-administered validated Youth Sexual Intention Questionnaires(YSIQ) data are collected among unmarried students aged 18-19-year-old. Statistical analyses were done using IBM SPSS version 22.0. Results: Out of 466 participants, 67.4%, 68.2%, 64.4% are Malays, Females and Muslims. Simple logistic regression showed for every one unit increase in permissive attitude, social-norms and selfefficacy scores, there were 1.424, 1.303 and 1.215 times increase risk of having sexual intention, with  p -value of 0.001 each and 95% CI of odds ratio(OR) 1.2681.600, 1.191-1.425 and 1.066-1.386 respectively. Multivariate logistic regression showed that female had lower risk of having sexual intention( p=0.001, OR=0.163, CI=0.058-0.462). Non-Malays and ever-smoker students had higher risk compared to Malay and non-smoker towards having sexual intention with p=0.001 (OR=5.110,CI=1.881-13.886) and  p =0.019 (OR=3.288, CI=1.218-8.875) respectively. For every unit increase in permissive attitude score, there was 1.236 times increase risk of having sexual intention with p=0.002 (95%CI, OR=1.084-1.410). Conclusion: The study showed the risk of having sexual intention was higher among males, nonMalay, ever-smoker students; and those with higher permissive attitude scores. Peer education intervention programs are necessity for school-going students to improve the permissive attitude in averting risk behavior that may lead to sexual intention towards pre-marital sex activity. The study should be expanded to adolescent who are no longer in school or in suburban areas.

scholarly journals Hubungan antara Social Support dan Self-Efficacy dengan Stress pada Ibu Rumah Tangga yang Berpendidikan Tinggi

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-178
Author(s):  
Syarifah Mustika Sari ◽  
Yuliana Intan Lestari ◽  
Alma Yulianti Yulianti
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Stress Scale ◽  
Social Support Scale ◽  
Stress Experience ◽  
Scale Data

This research aims to study about relationship between social support, self-efficacy and stress among  housewives who have high education. Daily routine can lead stress on housewives. Social cognitive factors like social support and self-efficacy effect stress experience. Samples are 200 high educated housewives who don’t have a job. This research is having incidental sampling technique and using some scales for collecting data such as social support scale, self-efficacy scale, and stress scale. Data were analyzed using Multiple Regression Analysis. The results showed that there is a significant correlation between social support, self- efficacy and stress among high educated housewives with F = 2.197 and 0.00 significance (p <0.01). It means that the hypothesis proposed by the researchers that there is a correlation between social support, self-efficacy and stress are accepted. 

Cardiopulmonary capacity and psychological factors are related to return to work in orthopedic rehabilitation patients

2020 ◽  
pp. 135910532091394
Author(s):  
Robin Rinn ◽  
Yiqun Gan ◽  
Amanda Whittal ◽  
Sonia Lippke
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Anaerobic Threshold ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Medical Rehabilitation ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Cognitive Variables ◽  
Physiological Variables ◽  
Orthopedic Rehabilitation ◽  
Returning To Work

Health psychology sheds light on the process of returning to work after sick leave and subsequent medical rehabilitation. A 15-month longitudinal study with N = 201 orthopedic rehabilitation patients is reported. It examined whether and how both physiological health (e.g. body mass index and oxygen reabsorption) and psychological/social-cognitive factors (e.g. self-efficacy and social support) are related to returning to work. It was found that social-cognitive and physiological variables, such as oxygen consumption at anaerobic threshold, are important for returning to work. While physical activity was significantly correlated with social-cognitive variables, it was not significantly correlated directly with returning to work. Results suggest that self-efficacy and oxygen consumption at anaerobic threshold should be improved during medical rehabilitation.

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