scholarly journals Social Cognitive Mediators of Sociodemographic Differences in Colorectal Cancer Screening Uptake

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siu Hing Lo ◽  
Jo Waller ◽  
Charlotte Vrinten ◽  
Lindsay Kobayashi ◽  
Christian von Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Screening Uptake ◽  
Sociodemographic Differences

Background. This study examined if and how sociodemographic differences in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening uptake can be explained by social cognitive factors.Methods. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with individuals aged 60–70 years (n=1309) living in England as part of a population-based omnibus survey.Results. There were differences in screening uptake by SES, marital status, ethnicity, and age but not by gender. Perceived barriers (stand.b=-0.40,p<0.001), social norms (stand.b=0.33,p<0.001), and screening knowledge (stand.b=0.17,p<0.001) had independent associations with uptake. SES differences in uptake were mediated through knowledge, social norms, and perceived barriers. Ethnic differences were mediated through knowledge. Differences in uptake by marital status were primarily mediated through social norms and to a lesser extent through knowledge. Age differences were largely unmediated, except for a small mediated effect via social norms.Conclusions. Sociodemographic differences in CRC screening uptake were largely mediated through social cognitive factors.Impact. Our findings suggest that multifaceted interventions might be needed to reduce socioeconomic inequalities. Ethnic differences might be reduced through improved screening knowledge. Normative interventions could emphasise screening as an activity endorsed by important others outside the immediate family to appeal to a wider audience.

scholarly journals Family-Centered Social Cognitive Factors Preventing Primary Tooth Caries in Children Based on Intervention Mapping Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Bahareh Kabiri ◽  
Ali Reza Hidarnia ◽  
Mehdi Mirzaei Alavijeh ◽  
Mohammad Esmaeel Motlagh ◽  
Ali Montazeri
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Intervention Mapping ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Primary Tooth ◽  
Intervention Mapping Protocol ◽  
Family Centered

Background. Given the increasing prevalence of primary tooth caries in Iran and the importance of providing evidence- and theory-based family-centered prevention programs, the present study is aimed at determining the family-centered social cognitive factors preventing deciduous tooth caries among children using the intervention mapping protocol. Methods. This cross-sectional study was performed on 240 Iranian mothers in Ilam who were randomly selected to participate in the study. The data were collected using a self-designed questionnaire including items on demographic information and social cognitive constructs (knowledge, attitude, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, practice guidance, perceived self-efficacy, behavior intention, subjective norms, and social norms). The questionnaire was completed by mothers, and the data were analyzed by performing one-way analysis of variance and linear regression. Results. The results obtained from linear regression analysis showed that perceived self-efficacy ( B = 0.295 , p < 0.001 ), perceived barriers ( B = 0.084 , p < 0.028 ), practice guidance ( B = 0.774 , p < 0.001 ), and social norms ( B = 0.137 , p < 0.020 ) accounted for 71% of the behavioral intention variance and were the most important predictors for preventing primary tooth caries among children. Conclusion. The findings suggest that perceived self-efficacy, perceived barriers, practice guidance, and social norms are essential for developing family-centered programs to prevent primary tooth caries in children.

Wide variability in colorectal cancer screening uptake by general practitioner: Cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
pp. 096914132110357
Author(s):  
Cecilia Acuti Martellucci ◽  
Maria E Flacco ◽  
Margherita Morettini ◽  
Giusi Giacomini ◽  
Matthew Palmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Screening Uptake

Objectives Despite several interventions, colorectal cancer (CRC) screening uptake remains below acceptable levels in Italy. Among the potential determinants of screening uptake, only a few studies analysed the role of general practitioners (GPs). The aim was to evaluate the variation in screening uptake of the clusters of subjects assisted by single GPs. Setting Ancona province, Central Italy. Methods Cross-sectional study, including all residents aged 50–69 years, who were offered the public screening programme with biannual faecal immunochemical tests. Demographic (of all GPs) and screening data (of all eligible residents) for years 2018–2019 were collected from the official electronic datasets of the Ancona Local Health Unit. The potential predictors of acceptable screening uptake, including GP's gender, age, and number of registered subjects, were evaluated using random-effect logistic regression, with geographical area as the cluster unit. Results The final sample consisted of 332 GP clusters, including 120,178 eligible subjects. The overall province uptake was 38.0% ± 10.7%. The uptake was lower than 30% in one-fifth of the GP clusters, and higher than 45% in another fifth. At multivariable analysis, the significant predictors of uptake were younger GP age ( p = 0.010) and lower number of registered subjects ( p < 0.001). None of the GP clusters with 500 subjects or more showed an uptake ≥45%. Conclusions The wide variation across GPs suggests they might substantially influence screening uptake, highlighting a potential need to increase their commitment to CRC screening. Further research is needed to confirm the role of the number of registered subjects.

scholarly journals What are the contextual risk factors for low colorectal cancer screening uptake in El Paso County, Texas? Spatial cross-sectional analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e038342
Author(s):  
Jennifer Salinas ◽  
Jacquelyn Brito ◽  
Cheyenne Rincones ◽  
Navkiran K Shokar
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Census Tract ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
El Paso ◽  
P Value ◽  
Hot Spot Analysis ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Screening Uptake ◽  
Fit Testing ◽  
Spot Analysis

ObjectiveThis study examines the geographical and socioeconomic factors associated with uptake of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening (colonoscopies or faecal immunochemical test (FIT) testing).DesignSecondary data analysis.SettingThe Against Colorectal Cancer in our Community (ACCION) programme was implemented in El Paso County, Texas, to increase screening rates among the uninsured and underinsured.ParticipantsWe successfully geocoded 5777 who were offered a free colonoscopy or FIT testing kit.Primary outcome measureCensus-tract CRC screening uptake average.ResultsMedicare recipient mortality (β=0.409, p-value=0.049) and % 65 years or older (β=−0.577, p value=0.000) were significant census tract contextual factors that were associated with the prevalence of CRC screening uptake in the geographically weighted Poisson regression. Neither Latino ethnicity nor immigrant concentration were significant predictors of CRC screening uptake in the ACCION programme. Hot spot analysis demonstrated that there was a significant low-value cluster in South Central El Paso. There was a similar hot spot for % 65 years or older in this same area, suggesting that uptake was lowest in an area that had the highest concentration of older adults.ConclusionThe results from this study revealed not only feasibility of hot spot analysis but also its utility in geographically tracking successful CRC screening uptake in cancer prevention and intervention programmes.

scholarly journals Economic Evaluation of Interventions to Increase Colorectal Cancer Screening at Federally Qualified Health Centers

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 877-883
Author(s):  
Florence K. L. Tangka ◽  
Sujha Subramanian ◽  
Sonja Hoover ◽  
Amy DeGroff ◽  
Djenaba Joseph ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Program Implementation ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Screening Uptake ◽  
Cancer Control Program

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has a long-standing commitment to increase colorectal cancer (CRC) screening for vulnerable populations. In 2005, the CDC began a demonstration in five states and, with lessons learned, launched a national program, the Colorectal Cancer Control Program (CRCCP), in 2009. The CRCCP continues today and its current emphasis is the implementation of evidence-based interventions to promote CRC screening. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of four CRCCP awardees and their federally qualified health center partners as an introduction to the accompanying series of research briefs where we present individual findings on impacts of evidence-based interventions on CRC screening uptake for each awardee. We also include in this article the conceptual framework used to guide our research. Our findings contribute to the evidence base and guide future program implementation to improve sustainability, increase CRC screening, and address disparities in screening uptake.

scholarly journals Society of Behavioral Medicine Update: retain support for the National Colorectal Cancer Roundtable’s call to action to reach 80% colorectal cancer screening

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Tussing-Humphreys ◽  
Joanna Buscemi ◽  
Jacqueline M Kanoon ◽  
Elizabeth A Watts ◽  
Karriem Watson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Behavioral Medicine ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Call To Action ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Screening Uptake ◽  
Legislative Action ◽  
The Third ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
The Usa

Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains the third most commonly diagnosed cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related death in the USA. CRC can be prevented through regular screening and removal of precancerous polyps. However, roughly one third of eligible adults in the USA are not up to date with recommended CRC screening. To increase timely CRC screening uptake in the USA, in 2014, the National Colorectal Cancer Roundtable (NCCRT) launched 80% by 2018. This multilevel effort involved more than 1,500 pledged organizations targeting patients, providers, health care systems, and policymakers to increase U.S. CRC screening rates to 80% by 2018. Concurrent with this campaign, between 2012 and 2018, CRC screening rates increased nationwide by 3.6% from 65.2% to 68.8%, meaning that about 9.3 million more U.S. adults are being screened. NCCRT attributes these successes to widespread implementation of center- and system-wide evidence-based interventions to increase screening uptake, including direct patient communication, provider reminders via electronic health records, and patient navigation, among others. Moving beyond 2018, NCCRT has rebranded the initiative as the 80% Pledge and has since identified several targeted campaigns, including increased outreach to Hispanics, Latinos, and Asians, whose CRC screening uptake remains less than 50%; encouragement of Medicaid outreach activities around CRC screening in all 50 states; and advocacy for screening right at 50 years of age. Society of Behavioral Medicine continues to support NCCRT and encourages policymakers to do the same by taking legislative action to assure funding for Medicaid outreach, research innovations, and clinical quality improvement that supports the 80% Pledge.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing Colorectal Cancer Screening Participation

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Z. Gimeno García
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Average Risk ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Screening Uptake ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Care System

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major health problem worldwide. Although population-based CRC screening is strongly recommended in average-risk population, compliance rates are still far from the desirable rates. High levels of screening uptake are necessary for the success of any screening program. Therefore, the investigation of factors influencing participation is crucial prior to design and launches a population-based organized screening campaign. Several studies have identified screening behaviour factors related to potential participants, providers, or health care system. These influencing factors can also be classified in non-modifiable (i.e., demographic factors, education, health insurance, or income) and modifiable factors (i.e., knowledge about CRC and screening, patient and provider attitudes or structural barriers for screening). Modifiable determinants are of great interest as they are plausible targets for interventions. Interventions at different levels (patient, providers or health care system) have been tested across the studies with different results. This paper analyzes factors related to CRC screening behaviour and potential interventions designed to improve screening uptake.

scholarly journals Association between Social-Cognitive Factors and Sexual Intention towards Pre-Marital Sex Activity among School-Going Late Adolescents in Kuantan, Pahang

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fa'iza Abdullah ◽  
Nur Akmanidar Zainuddin ◽  
Samsul Draman ◽  
Nor Azlina A.Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Late Adolescent ◽  
Permissive Attitude ◽  
Increase Risk ◽  
Unit Increase ◽  
Sexual Intention ◽  
Marital Sex

Introduction: The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) is determined by four main domains of social-cognitive factors; attitudes, social-norms, self-efficacy and sexual intention. This study aim to identify the socio-demographic and socio-cognitive factors associated with sexual intention towards premarital sex among school-going late adolescent. Materials and method:  Cross-sectional study was conducted in nine government secondary schools in Kuantan district between January-July 2018. A total of 466 self-administered validated Youth Sexual Intention Questionnaires(YSIQ) data are collected among unmarried students aged 18-19-year-old. Statistical analyses were done using IBM SPSS version 22.0. Results: Out of 466 participants, 67.4%, 68.2%, 64.4% are Malays, Females and Muslims. Simple logistic regression showed for every one unit increase in permissive attitude, social-norms and selfefficacy scores, there were 1.424, 1.303 and 1.215 times increase risk of having sexual intention, with  p -value of 0.001 each and 95% CI of odds ratio(OR) 1.2681.600, 1.191-1.425 and 1.066-1.386 respectively. Multivariate logistic regression showed that female had lower risk of having sexual intention( p=0.001, OR=0.163, CI=0.058-0.462). Non-Malays and ever-smoker students had higher risk compared to Malay and non-smoker towards having sexual intention with p=0.001 (OR=5.110,CI=1.881-13.886) and  p =0.019 (OR=3.288, CI=1.218-8.875) respectively. For every unit increase in permissive attitude score, there was 1.236 times increase risk of having sexual intention with p=0.002 (95%CI, OR=1.084-1.410). Conclusion: The study showed the risk of having sexual intention was higher among males, nonMalay, ever-smoker students; and those with higher permissive attitude scores. Peer education intervention programs are necessity for school-going students to improve the permissive attitude in averting risk behavior that may lead to sexual intention towards pre-marital sex activity. The study should be expanded to adolescent who are no longer in school or in suburban areas.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, and Perceived Barriers of Colorectal Cancer Screening among Family Physicians in National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eyad Demyati
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
National Guard ◽  
Family Physicians ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Attitude Score ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Objectives. The objective of this study is to explore the current knowledge, attitude, and practice of family physicians working in family medicine clinics in National Guard Health Affairs (NGHA), Riyadh, toward colorectal cancer (CRC) screening and to identify the barriers of the screening. Methods. Data were collected using a validated self-administered questionnaire adopted from the National Cancer Institute in USA, customized by adding and eliminating questions to be in line with the institution (NGHA) characteristics. Results. Of the 130 physicians, 56.2% of the physicians were not practicing CRC screening although 94.6% considered CRC screening effective. Board certified physicians had higher knowledge score and were practicing CRC screening more when compared to other physicians. Physicians who reported practicing CRC screening scored more on the knowledge score than those not practicing. Male physicians scored better on attitude score than female physicians. The study found that barriers were cited in higher rates among physicians not practicing CRC screening compared with practicing physicians. Lack of patients’ awareness was the most cited barrier. Conclusion. Large percentage of family physicians in this study do not practice CRC screening, despite the knowledge level and the positive attitude.

scholarly journals A Promotor-Led Pilot Study to Increase Colorectal Cancer Screening in Latinos: The Juntos Contra El Cáncer Program

2020 ◽  
pp. 152483992091224
Author(s):  
Elva M. Arredondo ◽  
Jill Dumbauld ◽  
Maria Milla ◽  
Hala Madanat ◽  
Gloria D. Coronado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
The United States ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Program Outcomes ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Federally Qualified Health Center ◽  
Latino Adults ◽  
Crc Knowledge

Background. Latinos have lower colorectal cancer (CRC) screening rates compared to other racial/ethnic groups in the United States, despite an overall increase in CRC screening over the past 10 years. To address this disparity, we implemented a promotor-led intervention to increase CRC screening test adherence in community-based settings, connecting community members with a partnering federally qualified health center. Purpose. To evaluate the Juntos Contra el Cáncer/Together Against Cancer (JUNTOS) intervention, by assessing pre–post changes in (1) CRC screening test adherence and (2) CRC knowledge and perceived barriers to CRC screening. We also assessed the feasibility and acceptability of program activities. Method. JUNTOS was a group-based intervention, delivered by promotores (community health workers), to promote CRC screening test adherence among Latino adults. The intervention consisted of a culturally tailored 2½-hour interactive workshop followed by an appointment scheduling assistance from a promotor. Workshop participants were Latino adults (males and females) aged 50 to 75 years who were not up-to-date with CRC screening guidelines. We conducted interviews before and 6 to 9 months after the workshop to assess program outcomes. Results. Of the 177 participants included, 118 reported completing the CRC screening test (66.7%) by 6 to 9 months postintervention. We observed baseline to 6- to 9-month increase in CRC knowledge and lower perceived barriers to obtaining CRC screening. Furthermore, the intervention was found to be feasible and acceptable. Conclusion. Results suggest that JUNTOS can be feasibly implemented in partnership with a federally qualified health center. The current study supports group-based CRC interventions in community and clinic settings.

scholarly journals Effectiveness and Cost of Implementing Evidence-Based Interventions to Increase Colorectal Cancer Screening Among an Underserved Population in Chicago

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 884-890
Author(s):  
Karen E. Kim ◽  
Florence K. L. Tangka ◽  
Manasi Jayaprakash ◽  
Fornessa T. Randal ◽  
Helen Lam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Implementation Phase ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Screening Uptake ◽  
Percentage Point Increase ◽  
Implementation Period

With funding from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Colorectal Cancer Control Program, The University of Chicago Center for Asian Health Equity partnered with a federally qualified health center (FQHC) to implement multiple evidence-based interventions (EBIs) in order to improve colorectal cancer (CRC) screening uptake. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness and cost of implementing a provider reminder system entered manually and supplemented with patient reminders and provider assessment and feedback. The FQHC collected demographic characteristics of the FQHC and outcome data from January 2015 through December 2015 (preimplementation period) and cost from January 2016 through September 2017 (implementation period). Cost data were collected for the implementation period. We report on the demographics of the eligible population, CRC screening order, completion rates by sociodemographic characteristics, and, overall, the effectiveness and cost of implementation. From the preimplementation phase to the implementation phase, there was a 21.2 percentage point increase in CRC screens completed. The total cost of implementing EBIs was $40908.97. We estimated that an additional 283 screens were completed because of the interventions, and the implementation cost of the interventions was $144.65 per additional screen. With the interventions, CRC screening uptake in Chicago increased for all race/ethnicity and demographic backgrounds at the FQHC, particularly for patients aged 50 to 64 years and for Asian, Hispanic, and uninsured patients.

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