scholarly journals Pricing of Embedded Options in Bank Deposits and Loans Based on Jump-Diffusion Interest Rate Model

Complexity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Enlin Tang ◽  
Song Xu
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rate ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Jump Diffusion ◽  
Interest Rate Risk ◽  
Rate Model ◽  
Interest Rate Marketization ◽  
Interest Rate Model ◽  
Embedded Options ◽  
The Interest Rate ◽  
Interest Margin

The marketization of interest rate is an inevitable requirement for China’s financial reform and joining the WTO to connect with the international financial market. It is also an important link to improve the marketization degree of China’s financial system. The marketization of interest rate in China is gradually advancing according to its preset mode. In the process of interest rate marketization, an unavoidable problem is that while the interest rate marketization gives the commercial banks the autonomy of capital pricing, the fluctuation of interest rate is more and more frequent. However, due to the fluctuation of interest rate, the loan as the main assets of commercial banks will be prepayed by borrowers, and the time deposit as the main liabilities of commercial banks will be withdrawn by depositors in advance; that is, embedded options are implied in asset liability items, which makes it difficult for commercial banks to accurately calculate the actual interest margin of deposits and loans and manage the interest rate risk. Therefore, it is of great significance to identify and price such embedded option value. On the basis of identifying and decomposing the embedded options in deposit and loan of commercial banks, according to the change characteristics of deposit and loan interest rate of Chinese commercial banks, this paper chooses jump-diffusion interest rate model to describe the change of benchmark interest rate of deposit and loan in China and demonstrates the advantages of this model compared with other models. Based on Monte Carlo simulation technology, the embedded options of five-year fixed deposit and ten-year prepayable loan in China are priced. On this basis, it points out that the real interest margin of commercial bank’s deposit and loan should be the nominal interest margin minus the value of deposit and loan’s embedded options. In the process of interest rate risk management, we should pay attention to the existence of embedded options and carry out effective management.

scholarly journals Total Return Swap Valuation with Counterparty Risk and Interest Rate Risk

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjiao Wang ◽  
Zhongxing Ye
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rate ◽  
Closed Form ◽  
Interest Rate Risk ◽  
Counterparty Risk ◽  
Rate Model ◽  
Change Of Measure ◽  
Market Interest Rate ◽  
Rate Risk ◽  
Interest Rate Model ◽  
The Interest Rate

We study the pricing of total return swap (TRS) under the contagion models with counterparty risk and the interest rate risk. We assume that interest rate follows Heath-Jarrow-Morton (HJM) forward interest rate model and obtain the Libor market interest rate. The cases where default is related to the interest rate and independent of interest rate are considered. Using the methods of change of measure and the “total hazard construction,” the joint default probabilities are obtained. Furthermore, we obtain the closed-form formulas of TRS under different contagion models, respectively.

scholarly journals Risk Management for Bonds with Embedded Options

Mathematics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 790
Author(s):  
Antonio Díaz ◽  
Marta Tolentino
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Interest Rate ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Interest Rate Risk ◽  
Interest Rate Models ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Interest Rate Risk Management ◽  
Embedded Options ◽  
The Interest Rate ◽  
Interest Rate Change

This paper examines the behavior of the interest rate risk management measures for bonds with embedded options and studies factors it depends on. The contingent option exercise implies that both the pricing and the risk management of bonds requires modelling future interest rates. We use the Ho and Lee (HL) and Black, Derman, and Toy (BDT) consistent interest rate models. In addition, specific interest rate measures that consider the contingent cash-flow structure of these coupon-bearing bonds must be computed. In our empirical analysis, we obtained evidence that effective duration and effective convexity depend primarily on the level of the forward interest rate and volatility. In addition, the higher the interest rate change and the lower the volatility, the greater the differences in pricing of these bonds when using the HL or BDT models.

Valuing and Analyzing Bonds with Embedded Options

2019 ◽  
pp. 453-476
Author(s):  
Yiying Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rate ◽  
Interest Rate Risk ◽  
Convertible Bond ◽  
Callable Bonds ◽  
Bond Valuation ◽  
Specific Risk ◽  
Interest Rate Model ◽  
Embedded Options ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Bond Risk

This chapter introduces the analysis and valuation of bonds with embedded options. For callable bonds, it discusses their unique reinvestment risk and negative convexity. For both callable bonds and puttable bonds, the chapter introduces two additional measures to gauge their risk: yield-to-call and yield-to-put, respectively. The chapter reviews the application of the spot rate curve in bond valuation and introduces the Z-spread to measure bond-specific risk more accurately. To model interest rate risk, the chapter builds a binomial interest rate model and calibrates it with on-the-run Treasury issues. The option-adjusted-spread (OAS) is introduced to measure the bond-specific risk excluding the option effect. The difference between Z-spread and OAS represents the option effect. Common measures of convertible bond risk and value are discussed including the possibility of valuating a convertible bond using option-pricing models and its drawbacks.

scholarly journals The Impact of Interest Rate Marketization on Commercial Banks

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Yulin He
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rate ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
System Reform ◽  
Analysis Process ◽  
Interest Rate Marketization ◽  
Rate Transmission ◽  
The Interest Rate ◽  
The Impact

<p>Interest rate marketization means that the interest rate level of financial institutions operating and financing in the money market is determined by market supply and demand. It includes interest rate determination, interest rate transmission, interest rate structure and marketization of interest rate management. At present, there are still many deficiencies and defects in the traditional interest rate management system. The reform of interest rate marketization is the focus of China’s financial system reform. Therefore, we should not only be brave in innovation, but also carefully study and analyze. In the analysis process, this paper focuses on the impact of interest rate marketization on commercial banks, and puts forward some countermeasures.</p>

scholarly journals Bond portfolio's duration and investment term-structure management problem

2006 ◽  
Vol 2006 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Daobai Liu
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rate ◽  
Term Structure ◽  
Interest Rate Risk ◽  
Management Problem ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Bond Portfolio ◽  
Stochastic Interest ◽  
Bond Portfolios ◽  
Interest Rate Model ◽  
The Interest Rate

In the considered bond market, there are N zero-coupon bonds transacted continuously, which will mature at equally spaced dates. A duration of bond portfolios under stochastic interest rate model is introduced, which provides a measurement for the interest rate risk. Then we consider an optimal bond investment term-structure management problem using this duration as a performance index, and with the short-term interest rate process satisfying some stochastic differential equation. Under some technique conditions, an optimal bond portfolio process is obtained.

scholarly journals Research on Interest Rate Risk of Housing Mortgage Loan Based on Computer Simulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Enlin Tang
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Interest Rate ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Interest Rate Risk ◽  
Mortgage Loan ◽  
Mortgage Loans ◽  
Rate Risk ◽  
The Interest Rate ◽  
Housing Mortgage Loan

In recent years, with the rapid increase of the business volume of housing mortgage loans of commercial banks, the risk of prepayment is increasingly exposed. Prepayment will have a great impact on the duration and convexity of housing mortgage loans of commercial banks and then bring difficulties to the asset liability management of banks. Therefore, empirical research on the changes of duration and convexity of housing mortgage loans caused by prepayment when the market interest rate changes is of great significance for commercial banks to manage interest rate risk exposure. Based on the analysis of the option characteristics of prepayable housing mortgage loan, the CIR model with GARCH(1, 1) is selected to describe the interest rate change path, and the computer simulation method is used to calculate OAS and then calculate the effective duration and effective convexity of housing mortgage loan under different prepayment rates, so as to understand the interest rate risk of housing mortgage loan in the presence of embedded option.

Research on the Interest Rate Risk Management of Commercial Bank Based on F-W Duration Convexity Model

2014 ◽  
Vol 644-650 ◽  
pp. 5825-5827
Author(s):  
Feng Liu ◽  
Ping Zou
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Interest Rate ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Interest Rate Risk ◽  
Rate Risk ◽  
Interest Rate Risk Management ◽  
The Interest Rate ◽  
Marketization Reform ◽  
Management Capabilities

With the pace of interest rate marketization reform accelerates, interest rate risk faced by commercial banks increasingly prominent, so a higher demand for its interest rate risk management capabilities is required. This article describes the type of interest rate risk, then use F-W Duration Convexity model to make an empirical analysis in five large commercial banks. The results show: the five large bank duration and convexity gap are all positive, when interest rates rise, the five bank NV will be reduced, interest rates decline, then increased. According to ΔNV/PA, ICBC CCB and ABC faced the biggest interest rate risk, BOC followed, BCM minimum.

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